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Choi, Naeun,Kim, Jong Won,Jeong, Hyeneui,Shin, Dong Gue,Seo, Jeong Hun,Kim, Jong Hoon,Lim, Chae Woong,Han, Kang Min,Kim, Bumseok The Korean Society of Ginseng 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.2
Background: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the chronic inflammatory liver diseases and a leading cause of advanced liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The main purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of GBCK25 fermented by Saccharomyces servazzii GB-07 and pectinase, on NASH severity in mice. Methods: Six-wk-old male mice were fed either a normal diet (ND) or a Western diet (WD) for 12 wks to induce NASH. Each group was orally administered with vehicle or GBCK25 once daily at a dose of 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, or 400 mg/kg during that time. The effects of GBCK25 on cellular damage and inflammation were determined by in vitro experiments. Results: Histopathologic analysis and hepatic/serum biochemical levels revealed that WD-fed mice showed severe steatosis and liver injury compared to ND-fed mice. Such lesions were significantly decreased in the livers of WD-fed mice with GBCK25 administration. Consistently, mRNA expression levels of NASH-related inflammatory-, fibrogenic-, and lipid metabolism-related genes were decreased in the livers of WD-fed mice administered with GBCK25 compared to WD-fed mice. Western blot analysis revealed decreased protein levels of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) with concomitantly reduced activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in the livers of WD-fed mice administered with GBCK25. Also, decreased cellular damage and inflammation were observed in alpha mouse liver 12 (AML12) cells and RAW264.7 cells, respectively. Conclusion: Administration of GBCK25 ameliorates NASH severity through the modulation of CYP2E1 and its associated JNK-mediated cellular damage. GBCK25 could be a potentially effective prophylactic strategy to prevent metabolic diseases including NASH.
최나은 ( Naeun Choi ) 서울대학교 국어교육과 2018 先淸語文 Vol.45 No.-
This study aims to offer educational contents and strategies of presentation for those who have high level of public speaking anxiety. Many researchers have carried out surveys and experiments targeting university students or patients. However, presentation process of adolescents who have high level of public speaking anxiety has not been examined in a detailed manner. From reflecting the limits of preceding researches, this study analyzed the presentation process of second grade of the junior high school students with mixed research method. Based on the definition of public speaking anxiety, this study examined the presentation process according to public speaking anxiety levels. As a result of quantitative analysis of presentation process, the group which has high level of anxiety received lower grade at the presentation phase even though received similar grade at the preparation phase in comparison with the group which has low level of anxiety. Furthermore, those two groups did not have any differences in the time of most activity details. To make up for the result of quantitative analysis, case study of presentation process followed up. Case study carried out with the aim of examining the motives and processes of preparation and presentation activity and interpreting it along with the context. As the result of case study, this study suggested three considerations of presentation process according to the public speaking anxiety levels. The three considerations are (1) orientation to communicate at the phase of preparation, (2) content modification from script to speech, (3) understanding of communication context and paraphrasing.
Discrete Hollow Carbon Spheres Derived from Pyrolytic Copolymer Microspheres for Li-S Batteries
Choi, Yeseul,Yoon, Naeun,Kim, Nahyeon,Oh, Changil,Park, Hyejeong,Lee, Jung Kyoo The Electrochemical Society 2019 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.166 No.3
<P>Discrete hollow carbon spheres (HCSs) with a high surface-to-volume ratio and distinct conducting shell have attracted immense attention as electrode materials for batteries and supercapacitors. In this study, we developed a novel and scalable method to synthesize well-defined HCSs. The HCSs were prepared using a pyrolytic soft template of styrene/acrylic acid copolymer microspheres. Sulfur could be effectively confined inside the pores of the uniform-sized HCSs (average diameter = 320 nm, shell thickness = 40–50 nm) to produce a S/HCS-65-IM (S content = 65 wt%) Li-S cathode using a modified sulfur-loading method involving solution impregnation followed by melt-diffusion (IM). S/HCS-65-IM delivered much higher capacity and greater cycling stability over 200 cycles and showed much lower impedance build up than S/HCS-65-PM prepared via the conventional melt-diffusion of a physical mixture of sulfur powder and HCSs. The sulfur utilization of S/HCS-65-IM was further improved by more than 20% by suppressing its lithium-polysulfide shuttle effect using a carbon-coated separator (CCS). The S/HCS-65-IM cathode (with CCS) also exhibited excellent cycling stability (capacity retention of >81% after 200 cycles at 0.5 C) and high rate capability with a reduced interfacial charge transfer resistance, suggesting that S/HCS-65-IM (with CCS) is a promising cathode for Li-S batteries.</P>