h-Prune as a novel binding protein of NS5A that regulates ERK1/2 activation

Nam, Miyoung,Kim, Cheol-Hee,Kim, Dong-Uk,Lee, Sook-Jeong,Hoe, Kwang-Lae The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2016 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.59 No.4

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) non-structural 5A (NS5A) protein is associated with a wide variety of host signaling pathways by binding to C-terminal polyproline (PxxP) motifs of various proteins. In this study, we used yeast two-hybrid analysis and a GST pull-down assay to screen a novel NS5A interacting protein and elucidate the binding site and cellular signaling by focusing on recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF)-mediated ERK1/2 activation. Screening a liver cDNA library revealed that h-prune, a member of the DHH (Asp-His-His) protein superfamily, directly interacted with HCV NS5A C-terminus. In particular, a mutation of five proline amino acids to alanine in this region revealed that these two proteins produced strong interaction through this domain. It is known that h-prune possesses a highly conserved DHH motif, which has exopolyphosphatase activity that accelerates hydrolysis of inorganic polyphosphate. A time-chasing analysis after rhEGF treatment demonstrated that h-prune overexpression almost restored NS5A-mediated attenuation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation, but h-prune itself did not alter this signaling. Although the detailed mechanisms need to be clarified, this study demonstrates that h-prune interacts directly with the PxxP motif of the HCV NS5A C-terminus and that this binding alters the rhEGF-mediated ERK1/2 signaling cascade in liver cells.

Anion Extraction-Induced Polymorph Control of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides

Nam, Dae-Hyun,Kim, Ji-Yong,Kang, Sungwoo,Joo, Wonhyo,Lee, Seung-Yong,Seo, Hongmin,Kim, Hyoung Gyun,Ahn, In-Kyoung,Lee, Gi-Baek,Choi, Minjeong,Cho, Eunsoo,Kim, Miyoung,Nam, Ki Tae,Han, Seungwu,Joo, You American Chemical Society 2019 NANO LETTERS Vol.19 No.12

<P>Controlled phase conversion in polymorphic transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) provides a new synthetic route for realizing tunable nanomaterials. Most conversion methods from the stable 2H to metastable 1T phase are limited to kinetically slow cation insertion into atomically thin layered TMDs for charge transfer from intercalated ions. Here, we report that anion extraction by the selective reaction between carbon monoxide (CO) and chalcogen atoms enables predictive and scalable TMD polymorph control. Sulfur vacancy, induced by anion extraction, is a key factor in molybdenum disulfide (MoS<SUB>2</SUB>) polymorph conversion without cation insertion. Thermodynamic MoS<SUB>2</SUB>-CO-CO<SUB>2</SUB> ternary phase diagram offers a processing window for efficient sulfur vacancy formation with precisely controlled MoS<SUB>2</SUB> structures from single layer to multilayer. To utilize our efficient phase conversion, we synthesize vertically stacked 1T-MoS<SUB>2</SUB> layers in carbon nanofibers, which exhibit highly efficient hydrogen evolution reaction catalytic activity. Anion extraction induces the polymorph conversion of tungsten disulfide (WS<SUB>2</SUB>) from 2H to 1T. This reveals that our method can be utilized as a general polymorph control platform. The versatility of the gas-solid reaction-based polymorphic control will enable the engineering of metastable phases in 2D TMDs for further applications.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Systematic targeted gene deletion using the gene-synthesis method in fission yeast

Nam, Miyoung,Lee, Sook-Jeong,Han, Sangjo,Kim, Dongsup,Lee, Minho,Kang, Eun-Jung,Park, Han-Oh,Lee, Ah-Reum,Lee, Sol,Kim, Cheol-Hee,Kim, Dong-Uk,Hoe, Kwang-Lae Elsevier 2014 Journal of microbiological methods Vol.106 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Genome-wide targeted gene deletion, a systematic method to study gene function by replacing target genes with deletion cassettes, using serial-PCR or block-PCR requires elaborate skill. We developed a novel gene-synthesis method to systematically prepare deletion cassettes on a 96-well basis in fission yeast. We designed the 2129-bp deletion cassette as three modules: a central 1397-bp KanMX4 selection marker module and two flanking 366-bp gene-specific artificial linker modules. The central KanMX4 module can be used in multiple deletion cassettes in combination with different sets of flanking modules. The deletion cassettes consisted of 147 oligonucleotides (93 for the central module+25 for each of the flanking modules+4 for the joints) and the oligonucleotides were designed as ~29mers using an in-house program. Oligonucleotides were synthesized on a 96-well basis and ligated into deletion cassettes without gaps by ligase chain reaction, which was followed by two rounds of nested PCR to amplify trace amounts of the ligated cassettes. After the artificial linkers were removed from the deletion cassettes, the cassettes were transformed into wild-type diploid fission yeast strain SP286. We validated the transformed colonies via check PCR and subjected them to tetrad analysis to confirm functional integrity. Using this method, we systematically deleted 563 genes in the fission yeast <I>Schizosaccharomyces pombe</I> with a >90% success rate and a point-mutation rate of ~0.4 mutations per kb. Our method can be used to create systematic gene deletions in a variety of yeasts especially when it included a bar-code system for parallel analyses.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The deletion cassette was designed as three modules consisting of ~29-mer oligos. </LI> <LI> The oligonucleotide set of the KanMX4 module was commonly used. </LI> <LI> Ligation chain reaction was optimized at 58.3°C and 40cycles. </LI> <LI> Nested PCR using artificial linkers yielded sufficient quantity of deletion cassette. </LI> <LI> The gene-synthesis method yielded a success rate of >90% gene deletion. </LI> </UL> </P>

A Case Study of Social Interactions and English Language of Two Japanese Exchange Students at a South Korean University

Nam, Miyoung 미래영어영문학회 2023 영어영문학 Vol.28 No.2

Resource Use in a Study-abroad Program

Miyoung Nam,Boonjoo Park 현대문법학회 2013 현대문법연구 Vol.73 No.-

The present study investigated five Korean university students' use of resources during a 16-week studyabroad program in the Philippines. Data collected included the students' self-report on their experience and course materials from the three language courses and one major course. The findings revealed the benefits of a study-abroad program in the Philippines, and it was of note that a lot of learning took place through intensive one-on-one interactions with their tutors. As such, the tutors emerged as the major source of assistance, and they also played the role of a cultural bridge because it was through the tutors that the participants were exposed to local places and events. With the exception of pronunciation, the participants reported no problems in communicating with their tutors or local students. It seemed that the participants' achievement heavily relied upon their relationships with their tutors.

Mismatched Needs and Services in Using L2 Writing Resources

Miyoung Nam 팬코리아영어교육학회(구 영남영어교육학회) 2014 영어교육연구 Vol.26 No.2

This study investigated a group of nine Korean graduate students' use of writing resources at a mid-western U.S. university and also scrutinized the assistance that ESL writing courses, a writing center, and an academic research course provided for L2 students in learning to write in their new academic culture. The findings indicate that the students in this study were not active users of writing resources and their overall resource utilization was limited. Furthermore, there clearly seemed to be not enough communication between the students and the resource providers, giving the impression that the resources were not provided in ways that would have better benefited the students. It further indicates that the students were not easily accessible to interactions with the resources as well as participation in their academic communities. The study asks for more active communication among resource providers. More suggestions for future research and implications for pedagogy are provided.

Cross-cultural E-mail Communication in EFL: A Case Study of a Group of Korean University Students

Miyoung Nam,Boonjoo Park 팬코리아영어교육학회(구 영남영어교육학회) 2013 영어교육연구 Vol.25 No.3

As a greater emphasis is placed on language use in authentic social contexts, emailing has become a tool that provides students with the opportunity for the genuine communication in this globalized world, particularly in the limited EFL learning environment, where students desire real-life communication. This study investigated how a group of 27 Korean first-year university students perceived cross-cultural email interactions with L2 Chinese email pals and how their perceptions changed over time, what they learned, and what problems they faced in exchanging emails. Data was collected through open-ended pre and post-epaling questionnaires, interviews, and students' email messages. Findings revealed that the students seemed to acknowledge the importance of crosscultural communication with L2 students from different EFL contexts, but problems also occurred. In addition, there were some changes in students' perceptions on exchanging emails with L2 pals. The number of students who preferred native speakers increased. Other findings and implications will be also discussed.

The Effect of Using E-paling between Korean and Chinese EFL Students to Learn English

남미영(Miyoung Nam),박분주(Boonjoo Park) 미래영어영문학회 2012 영어영문학 Vol.17 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 한국 대학생들에게 진정성있는 의사소통의 기회를 제공하여 그들의 영어 학습의 기회를 제공하여 그 효과를 살펴보고하는 데 있다. 중국에 있는 한 대학의 중국인 EFL 학습자와의 이펠링(e-paling)을 통한 이메일 서신 교환을 통해서 영어 쓰기의 실전 기회를 제공하였다. 사전 설문조사 문석결과 몇 몇 학생들이 원어민이 아닌 비원어민이라 실망했다는 의사표시가 있었지만, 대체로 학습자들은 긍정적인 태도로 임했다. 자료수집은 개방형 질문으로 구성된 사전, 사후 설문조사, 인터뷰와 학생들의 이메일 내용을 분석하였다. 자료 분석 결과 이팰링은 영어쓰기를 실전에서 활용해서 연습할 수 있었다는 점과 외국 학생과 문화교류를 통한 교재를 할 수 있어서 효과적이었다는 것을 발견할 수 있었다. 특히 같은 영어 비원어민 화자이지만, 영어가 유일한 소통언어가 되는 환경에서 이메일로 서로 서신교환을 하는 특별한 CMC환경은 학습자들에게 교실 밖에서의 실전형의 언어 학습 체험의 기회를 제공하고 자연스러운 영어사용을 제공해 주는 효과적인 학습기제로 작용한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이런 기회들이 영어교육 현장에서 한국에서의 교실 밖에서는 영어사용의 기회가 적은 EFL환경의 제한점을 극복할 수 있는 방법으로 활용될 수 있기를 기대한다.

애덤즈의 신명론에 대한 비판적 고찰

남미영(Miyoung Nam ) 한국분석철학회 2011 철학적 분석 Vol.0 No.24

본 논문에서 필자는 도덕에 대한 신의 뜻의 우선성을 주장하는 신학적 주의주의의 한 버전인 애덤즈의 신명론을 검토하고 반박을 시도한다. 애덤즈는 신과 인간의 사회적 관계 속에서 신의 명령이라는 언어 행위에 의하여 인간에게 도덕적 의무가 부여된다고 주장한다. 하지만 신의 명령에 의하여 인간에게 지워지는 의무를 '도덕적'의무라고 할 수 있나 하는 의문을 차치하더라도, 애덤즈의 이와 같은 주장은 신이 도덕적 의무를 부과함에 있어서 상위의 규범에 의존하게 하는 문제에 직면한다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위해 애덤즈는 신에 대한 복종을 명하는 도덕적 규범의 존재를 주장하거나 신의 명령이 도덕적 의무를 구성하도록 하는 신의 의지를 도입할 수 있는데, 두 방법 모두 철학적 메타윤리이론으로서 신명론을 옹호하기 위해 취할 만한 것은 아니다. 한편 애덤즈가 신의 의지 이론에 대하여 제시하는 두 가지 비판 중 하나는 신의 의지 이론이 아닌 자신의 신명론의 문제를 드러내고, 또 다른 하나는 신의 의지에 대한 단순하고 편협한 이해에서 비롯된 설득력이 없는 지적이다. 필자의 논의가 적절하다면 신명론을 옹호하는 애덤즈의 논증은 실패했으며, 신학적 주의주의의 성공은 신의 의지 이론을 선택함으로써 모색할 수 있다고 결론을 내릴 수 있겠다. I critically examine divine command theory of Adams, a version of theological voluntarism which argues for the priority of God's commands or will over moral obligations. Adams' theory that ethical wrongness is the property of being contrary to the command of loving God is based on the analogy of God's obligation-generating activity and human's. However, this makes God's obligation-generating activity depends on the contingent fact of the existence of the higher rule which renders God's commands to constitute or yield moral obligations. To solve this problem, Adams may try to make his theory either a normative theory by asserting human's universal obligation to obey God or a divine will theory by referring to God's will, neither of which is very desirable for Adams to defend his divine command theory. Also, one objection that he raises to divine will theory brings a serious problem to his own theory and the other has no persuasive power by being based on a poor understanding of God's will. If my argument succeeds, it shows the success of theological voluntarism should be pursued by adopting divine will theory rather than divine command theory.

월드론의 혐오표현 규제옹호론에 대한 비판적 고찰

남미영(Nam Miyoung) 한국분석철학회 2021 철학적 분석 Vol.- No.46

월드론은 『혐오표현, 자유는 어떻게 해약이 되는가?』라는 책에서 혐오표현이 사회적 지위로서의 존엄성을 손상시키고, 모든 구성원의 존엄성이 동등하게 존중되는 안전한 환경에 대한 사회적 확신을 약화시킨다고 주장하며, 이를 근거로 혐오표현을 법에 의해 규제해야 한다고 주장한다. 그의 논증은 사유의 주체로서 인간의 자율성이 배제된, 수동적으로 주어지는 사회적 지위를 핵심으로 하는 편협하고, 기이한 존엄성 개념에 의존한다는 문제가 있다. 월드론은 이러한 존엄성 개념을 근거로 혐오표현이 사회적 지위를 낮춤으로써 존엄성을 손상시킨다는 점을 부각시키고, 혐오표현을 규제하는 법이 인간의 자율성을 억압함으로써 존엄성을 손상시킨다는 점을 간과한다. 인간은 자율적으로 사유하는 존재이며, 표현의 자유, 특히 가치지향적 사상과 감정을 표현할 자유는 인간의 고유하고, 자율적인 인격의 실현과 삶의 영위를 위해 필수적이다. 혐오표현은 이러한 가치지향적 표현과 상당 부분 중첩되며, 따라서 혐오표현에 대한 법적 규제는 자율적인 사유의 주체로서 개인의 존엄성을 심각하게 침해할 것이다. 베이커와 드워킨은 자율성을 중심으로 인간의 존엄성을 규정하고, 이를 근거로 표현의 자유의 본질적 가치를 인정하며, 혐오표현에 대한 법적 규제에 반대한다. 이에 대한 월드론의 반론은 인간을 사유의 주체가 아닌 규제와 보호의 대상으로만 인식하는 그의 문제를 다시 한 번 드러낸다. In The Harm in Hate Speech, Waldron argues for hate speech regulation. He defines human dignity as a social and legal status, and develops the idea of implicit social assurance that all members of society have equal dignity. He insists that hate speech causes harm of ruining human dignity as a social status and undermining the social assurance of all people"s equal dignity. Among many, the most serious problem of Waldron"s argument is that he conceives human dignity so queerly and narrowly, including only passively-given respect and excluding autonomy. On this queer and narrow concept of human dignity, Waldron insists that human dignity is damaged by hate speech, but ignores that it is damaged by hate speech regulation. Humans autonomously think and feel, the free expression of which, especially of value-oriented ideas and emotions, is necessary for the realization of human character and life. Hate speech is largely overlapped with the expression of value-oriented ideas and emotions. Thus, regulation of hate speech will seriously impinge upon human dignity. Considering autonomy as an important part of human dignity, Baker and Dworkin appreciate the essential value of free expression, and oppose hate speech regulation. Waldron’s criticisms on their arguments reveal his problem of conceiving humans only as objects of regulation and protection, not as autonomous and free beings.