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- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Memon M.A. (검색결과 9 건)
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Memon, A.A.,Arbab, A.A.,Sahito, I.A.,Mengal, N.,Sun, K.C.,Qadir, M.B.,Choi, Y.S.,Jeong, S.H. Pergamon Press 2017 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA Vol.234 No.-
<P>The proposed research presents significant progress in the photovoltaic performance of quasi-solid state dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) by synthesizing a highly electro-catalytic active activated charcoal decorated functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite electro-catalyst as a counter electrode (CE). The proposed carbon composite structure was synthesize by facile acid functionalization of MWCNTs followed by the addition of mesoporous activated charcoal, decorating the tubular graphitic structure of the CNTs. The carbon composite paste deposited on FTO glass by a sequential process of doctor blade coating under an air-drying technique. The porous functionalized mesoporous carbon (f-MC) with a dominant oxygen rich surface displays greatly enhanced electrocatalytic activity, low charge transfer resistance (RCT), and exceptional cyclic stability as compared with pristine CNTs. The DSSC fabricated with f-MC CE demonstrated efficient electrochemical characteristics and photovoltaic performance when fabricated with a high-viscosity quasi-solid electrolyte. The highly conductive and porous carbon structure locates manifold sites for tri-iodide reduction reaction. High mobility of the quasi-solid electrolyte within defect rich (f-MC) surface confirmed a low RCT of (0.60 Omega. cm(2)), and exhibited superior electrocatalytic activity compared to a conventional platinum (Pt) reference CE. The f-MC CE based DSSCs showed high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.42%, exceeding the Pt reference CE of 8.11%. Based on the facile synthesis of f-MC composites and fabrication of CE, the proposed DSSCs stand out as efficient next generation solar cells. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>
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Mengal, N.,Sahito, I.A.,Arbab, A.A.,Sun, K.C.,Qadir, M.B.,Memon, A.A.,Jeong, S.H. Applied Science Publishers ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Carbohydrate polymers Vol.152 No.-
Textile electrodes are highly desirable for wearable electronics as they offer light-weight, flexibility, cost effectiveness and ease of fabrication. Here, we propose the use of lyocell fabric as a flexible textile electrode because of its inherently super hydrophilic characteristics and increased moisture uptake. A highly concentrated colloidal solution of graphene oxide nanosheets (GONs) was coated on to lyocell fabric and was then reduced in to graphene nanosheets (GNs) using facile chemical reduction method. The proposed textile electrode has a very high surface conductivity with a very low value of surface resistance of only 40Ωsq<SUP>-1</SUP>, importantly without use of any binding or adhesive material in the processing step. Atomic force spectroscopy (AFM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were conducted to study the topographical properties and sheet exfoliation of prepared GONs. The surface morphology, structural characterization and thermal stability of the fabricated textile electrode were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X ray photon spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, Wide angle X ray diffraction spectroscopy (WAXD) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) respectively. These results suggest that the GONs is effectively adhered on to the lyocell fabric and the conversion of GONs in to GNs by chemical reduction has no adverse effect on the crystalline structure of textile substrate. The prepared graphene coated conductive lyocell fabric was found stable in water and electrolyte solution and it maintained nearly same surface electrical conductivity at various bending angles. The electrical resistance results suggest that this lyocell based textile electrode (L-GNs) is a promising candidate for flexible and wearable electronics and energy harvesting devices.
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Memon, M. A.,Sun, J. h.,Jung, H. T.,Yan, S. k.,Geng, J. x. SPRINGER VERLAG 2017 Chinese journal of polymer science Vol.35 No.3
<P>In this study, we demonstrate a novel method for fabricating polythiophene patterns, i.e., cylindrical holes and cylinders, through blending of a thermally curable polythiophene carrying with tertiary ester groups (PT-tert-ESTER) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), followed by thermal conversion of the PT-tert-ESTER to an insoluble polythiophene via low-temperature cleavage of the tertiary ester groups and removal of the PMMA component via ultraviolet degradation. We show that the surface polarity of substrates, the mass ratio of PT-tert-ESTER to PMMA in the blend solutions as well as the concentration of the blend solutions strongly influence the formation of the polythiophene patterns. Cylindrical holes are more readily formed on less polar substrates when a PT-tert-ESTER dominated blend solution is used, while cylinders are more readily formed on more polar substrates when a PMMA dominated blend solution is used. Moreover, the diameters of both the cylindrical holes and the cylinders decrease as the PT-tert-ESTER concentration is increased in the respective ranges of the PT-tert-ESTER/PMMA ratios where the patterns are formed. Grazing incident X-ray diffraction data have indicated that the patterning of the PT-tert-ESTER component in the blend films improves the crystallinity of PT-tert-ESTER as well as the molecular packing of the insoluble polythiophene in the resultant patterned polythiophene films.</P>
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Paule-Mercado, M.A.,Ventura, J.S.,Memon, S.A.,Jahng, D.,Kang, J.-H.,Lee, C.-H. Elsevier 2016 Science of the Total Environment Vol.550 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>While the urban runoff are increasingly being studied as a source of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), less is known about the occurrence of FIB in watershed with mixed land use and ongoing land use and land cover (LULC) change. In this study, <I>Escherichia coli</I> (EC) and fecal streptococcus (FS) were monitored from 2012 to 2013 in agricultural, mixed and urban LULC and analyzed according to the most probable number (MPN). Pearson correlation was used to determine the relationship between FIB and environmental parameters (physicochemical and hydrometeorological). Multiple linear regressions (MLR) were used to identify the significant parameters that affect the FIB concentrations and to predict the response of FIB in LULC change. Overall, the FIB concentrations were higher in urban LULC (EC=3.33–7.39; FS=3.30–7.36log<SUB>10</SUB> MPN/100mL) possibly because of runoff from commercial market and 100% impervious cover (IC). Also, during early-summer season; this reflects a greater persistence and growth rate of FIB in a warmer environment. During intra-event, however, the FIB concentrations varied according to site condition. Anthropogenic activities and IC influenced the correlation between the FIB concentrations and environmental parameters. Stormwater temperature (TEMP), turbidity, and TSS positively correlated with the FIB concentrations (<I>p</I> >0.01), since IC increased, implying an accumulation of bacterial sources in urban activities. TEMP, BOD<SUB>5</SUB>, turbidity, TSS, and antecedent dry days (ADD) were the most significant explanatory variables for FIB as determined in MLR, possibly because they promoted the FIB growth and survival. The model confirmed the FIB concentrations: EC (R<SUP>2</SUP> =0.71–0.85; NSE=0.72–0.86) and FS (R<SUP>2</SUP> =0.65–0.83; NSE=0.66–0.84) are predicted to increase due to urbanization. Therefore, these findings will help in stormwater monitoring strategies, designing the best management practice for FIB removal and as input data for stormwater models.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Land use and anthropogenic activities influenced the FIB intra-event variability. </LI> <LI> Urban runoff had the highest levels of fecal contamination. </LI> <LI> Temperature, TSS and turbidity correlated significantly with FIB concentrations. </LI> <LI> MLR identified significant environmental parameter affects on FIB concentrations. </LI> <LI> The FIB concentrations were predicted to increase due to urbanization. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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Influence of land development on stormwater runoff from a mixed land use and land cover catchment
Paule-Mercado, M.A.,Lee, B.Y.,Memon, S.A.,Umer, S.R.,Salim, I.,Lee, C.-H. Elsevier BV 2017 Science of the Total Environment Vol.599 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Mitigating for the negative impacts of stormwater runoff is becoming a concern due to increased land development. Understanding how land development influences stormwater runoff is essential for sustainably managing water resources. In recent years, aggregate low impact development-best management practices (LID-BMPs) have been implemented to reduce the negative impacts of stormwater runoff on receiving water bodies. This study used an integrated approach to determine the influence of land development and assess the ecological benefits of four aggregate LID-BMPs in stormwater runoff from a mixed land use and land cover (LULC) catchment with ongoing land development. It used data from 2011 to 2015 that monitored 41 storm events and monthly LULC, and a Personalized Computer Storm Water Management Model (PCSWMM). The four aggregate LID-BMPs are: ecological (S1), utilizing pervious covers (S2), and multi-control (S3) and (S4). These LID-BMPs were designed and distributed in the study area based on catchment characteristics, cost, and effectiveness. PCSWMM was used to simulate the monitored storm events from 2014 (calibration: R<SUP>2</SUP> and NSE>0.5; RMSE <11) and 2015 (validation: R<SUP>2</SUP> and NSE>0.5; RMSE <12). For continuous simulation and analyzing LID-BMPs scenarios, the five-year (2011 to 2015) stormwater runoff data and LULC change patterns (only 2015 for LID-BMPs) were used. Results show that the expansion of bare land and impervious cover, soil alteration, and high amount of precipitation influenced the stormwater runoff variability during different phases of land development. The four aggregate LID-BMPs reduced runoff volume (34%–61%), peak flow (6%–19%), and pollutant concentrations (53%–83%). The results of this study, in addition to supporting local LULC planning and land development activities, also could be applied to input data for empirical modeling, and designing sustainable stormwater management guidelines and monitoring strategies.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A long-term monitoring of stormwater runoff and LULC change was implemented. </LI> <LI> PCSWMM was used to assess the response of runoff on land development and LID-BMPs. </LI> <LI> Land use and rainfall pattern influenced the variability of stormwater runoff. </LI> <LI> LID-BMPs help to reduce the negative impacts of land development. </LI> <LI> LID-BMPs design depends on site characteristics, needs and community resources. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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Reproductive Performance of Arabian and Thoroughbred Mares under Subtropical Conditions of Pakistan
Warriach, H.M.,Memon, M.A.,Ahmad, N.,Norman, S.T.,Ghafar, A.,Arif, M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.7
Breeding records of 57 Arabian and 66 Thoroughbred mares were analysed to assess their reproductive performance under the subtropical conditions of Pakistan. The Arabian mares showed significantly higher conception rates (p<0.05) in second mated oestrus and foal heat mated oestrus compared to Thoroughbred mares. However, conception rates for first lifetime mated oestrus were similar in both breeds of mares. Age at first mating ($1,301{\pm}40$ vs $1,500{\pm}32$ days) was significantly (p<0.05) less in Arabian compared to Thoroughbred mares. Both breeds of mares showed significantly (p<0.05) higher frequencies of oestrous cycles and conception rates during the winter (October to March) compared to summer (June to August) months. Age of mares affected the conception rates, as mares at ages 3 to 7 and 8 to 12 years of ages had significantly higher conception rates (p<0.05) than those ${\geq}18$ years old in both breeds. This study demonstrates that i) reproductive performance in Arabians is better than Thoroughbred mares under the subtropical conditions of Pakistan, ii) mares remain cyclic throughout the year and iii) conception rates were higher in mares bred during winter compared to summer months.
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