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- 저자 : Matthias Heinrichs (검색결과 4 건)
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Who gets the key first? Car allocation in activity-based modelling
Sigrun Beige,Matthias Heinrichs,Daniel Krajzewicz,Rita Cyganski 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2018 도시과학국제저널 Vol.22 No.2
Decisions concerning household car ownership and the corresponding usage by the household members have significant implications on vehicle usage, fuel consumption and vehicle emissions. In this context, long-term and short-term choices which are strongly interrelated with one another play an important role. The long-term aspects involve the number of vehicles and their different types owned by a household as well as the assignment of a main driver, acting as the primary user, to each vehicle. The short-term dimension is represented by the vehicle allocation within a household at a daily level. In order to better understand the vehicle allocation process in the household context, the paper at hand investigates the importance of the short-term and long-term aspects in this process and explores several approaches to model them. For this purpose, four different methods for car allocation within a household, which strongly differ in their complexity, are implemented into a microscopic agent-based travel demand model and subsequently evaluated. The respective approaches are the following: (1) random car allocation, (2) car allocation by age, (3) car allocation by main driver assignment, and (4) car allocation by household optimization. Given a population of a bigger region that is described by a set of attributes, these various models determine which person of a household uses one of the available cars within the household for his/her daily trips. The simulations show that all four implementations of car allocation result in good representations (with deviations of less than 10%) of observed travel behaviour, their results being closer to each other than initially expected. Model (4), which optimizes car allocation for the entire household, shows the best results when compared to real-world data, while model (3) allows for the adaptation of changes in car ownership and/or socio-demographic and socio-economic attributes of the population.
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Echinacea purpurea Protects Against Restraint Stress-Induced Immunosuppression in BALB/c Mice
박선영,이막순,정선윤,이서현,권오란,Matthias Heinrich Kreuter,Tania Perrinjaquet-Moccetti,민복기,윤성호,김양하 한국식품영양과학회 2018 Journal of medicinal food Vol.21 No.3
Echinacea purpurea has been widely used for the prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infections and the common cold. The restraint stress has been reported to suppress a broad spectrum of immune functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of the pressed juice of E. purpurea (L.) Moench (EFLA®894; Echinacea) against restraint stress-induced immunosuppression in BALB/c mice. Echinacea significantly normalized the restraint stress-induced reduction in splenocyte proliferation and splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity (P < .05). Echinacea treatment significantly increased the percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the blood (P < .05). In addition, Echinacea restored serum cytokine levels, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interleukin-17 (IL-17), as well as the mRNA expressions of these cytokines in spleen (P < .05). Our findings suggest that Echinacea might have beneficial effects on restraint stress-induced immunosuppression by increasing splenocyte proliferation and NK cell activity, while modulating T lymphocyte subsets and cytokine levels in the blood.
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Are brucellosis, Q fever and melioidosis potential causes of febrile illness in Madagascar?
Boone, Ides,Henning, Klaus,Hilbert, Angela,Neubauer, Heinrich,von Kalckreuth, Vera,Dekker, Denise Myriam,Schwarz, Norbert Georg,Pak, Gi Deok,Krü,ger, Andreas,Hagen, Ralf Matthias,Frickmann, Hagen Elsevier 2017 Acta tropica Vol.172 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Brucellosis, Q fever and melioidosis are zoonoses, which can lead to pyrexia. These diseases are often under-ascertained and underreported because of their unspecific clinical signs and symptoms, insufficient awareness by physicians and public health officers and limited diagnostic capabilities, especially in low-resource countries. Therefore, the presence of <I>Brucella</I> spp., <I>Coxiella burnetii</I> and <I>Burkholderia pseudomallei</I> was investigated in Malagasy patients exhibiting febrile illness. In addition, we analyzed zebu cattle and their ticks as potential reservoirs for <I>Brucella</I> and <I>C. burnetii</I>, respectively. Specific quantitative real-time PCR assays (qPCRs) were performed on 1020 blood samples drawn from febrile patients. In total, 15 samples (1.5%) were <I>Brucella-</I>positive, mainly originating from patients without travel history, while DNA from <I>C. burnetii</I> and <I>Bu. pseudomallei</I> was not detected.</P> <P>Anti-<I>C. burnetii</I> antibodies were found in four out of 201 zebu serum samples (2%), whereas anti-<I>Brucella</I> antibodies could not be detected. <I>Brucella</I> DNA was detected in a single zebu sample. Three out of 330 ticks analyzed (1%) were positively tested for <I>C. burnetii</I> DNA but with high Ct values in the qPCR assay. Our data suggest that zebus as well as <I>Amblyomma</I> and <I>Boophilus</I> ticks have to be considered as a natural reservoir or vector for <I>C. burnetii</I>, but the risk of cattle-to-human transmission is low. Since bovine brucellosis does not seem to contribute to human infections in Madagascar, other transmission routes have to be assumed.</P>
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Martin Leibbrand,Simone Siefer,Christiane Scho¨ n,Tania Perrinjaquet-Moccetti,Albert Kompek,Anca Csernich,Franz Bucar,Matthias Heinrich Kreuter 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Journal of medicinal food Vol.22 No.6
Majority of men are affected by symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) from a certain age. Botanical extracts are frequently used in the early management of the symptoms. In a single-arm, mono-center pilot study, the effects of a proprietary oil-free hydroethanolic pumpkin seed extract on the symptoms of BPH were investigated. A total of 60 men (62.3 years [95% confidence interval (CI): 60.3–64.3 years]) with a total International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of 14.8 (95% CI: 13.5–16.1) participated between January 2017 and October 2017 in the study by ingesting the oil-free hydroethanolic pumpkin seed extract once daily before going to bed during 3 months. Change in IPSS within treatment period was assessed. Frequency of nocturia was recorded by bladder diary, and postvoid residual urine volume was determined through ultrasound. Between baseline and after 12 weeks of supplementation, a significant symptom reduction of an average 30.1% (95% CI: 23.1–37.1) was seen for the total IPSS. Symptom alleviation had a high impact on quality of life (P < .0001) and was significant after 8 and 12 weeks of intervention (P < .001). Nocturia significantly decreased over time (P < .0001), as confirmed by IPSS questionnaire and bladder diary. Postvoid residual urine volume was significantly reduced at the end of intervention (baseline: 83.67 mL [95% CI: 58.02–109.3]; after 12 weeks: 63.11 mL [95% CI: 45.37–80.85]; P = .0394). These results indicate that the oil-free hydroethanolic pumpkin seed extract seems to be a very well tolerable, appropriate plant extract to support health benefits in a collective suffering from BPH related symptoms without the need of medical treatment.
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