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Masum, Kazi Mohammad,Mamun, Abdullah Al,Mamun-Or-Rashid, Mohammad,Abdullah-Al-Mamun, M. M.,Islam, Mohammad Nabidul Institute of Forest Science 2012 Journal of Forest Science Vol.28 No.2
An explanatory survey was conducted to assess preference and consumption pattern of horticultural species, their sources, location-wise planting preferences and diversity of these species in the rural homestead forest of the offshore island of Bangladesh. Assessment was done through multistage random sampling. Based on homestead size respondents were categorized into small (<0.05 ha), medium (0.05-0.25 ha) and large (>0.25 ha) and twenty from each category were selected randomly for the study. The study revealed that most of the farmer (75.5%) preferred to plant fruit tree species for future plantation followed by timber species (62.2%). But fruit-bearing plants were being gradually replaced by some exotic timber species such as Swietenia mahagoni, Acacia auriculiformis, Tectona grandis, Eucalyptus spp., etc. Diversity and abundance of fruit species was found higher in almost all homestead. A total of 41 horticultural species were identified and seven horticultural species among them were recognized as the most preferred ones in the study area. Consumption pattern was chiefly to meet the nutritional demand and to gain a quick monetary benefit. Average annual income from horticultural species was 7,183.33 Taka (US$102).
Kazi Mohammad Masum,Abdullah Al Mamun,Mohammad Mamun-Or-Rashid,M. M. Abdullah-Al-Mamun,Mohammad Nabidul Islam 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2012 Journal of Forest Science Vol.28 No.2
An explanatory survey was conducted to assess preference and consumption pattern of horticultural species, their sources,location-wise planting preferences and diversity of these speci es in the rural homestead forest of the offshore island of Bangladesh. Assessment was done through multistage random sampling. Based on homestead size respondents were categorized into small (<0.05 ha), medium (0.05-0.25 ha) and large (>0.25 ha) and twenty from each category were selected randomly for the study. The study revealed that most of the farmer (75.5%) preferred to plant fruit tree species for future plantation followed by timber species (62.2%). But fruit-bearing plants were being gradually replaced by some exotic timber species such as Swietenia mahagoni, Acacia auriculiformis, Tectona grandis, Eucalyptus spp., etc. Diversity and abundance of fruit species was found higher in almost all homestead. A total of 41 horticultural species were identified and seven horticultural species among them were recognized as the most preferred ones in the study area. Consumption pattern was chiefly to meet the nutritional demand and to gain a quick monetary benefit. Average annual income from horticultural species was 7,183.33 Taka (US$102).
Fracture toughness of amorphus SiC thin films using nanoindentation and simulation
Mamun, M.A.,Elmustafa, A.A. Techno-Press 2020 Advances in materials research Vol.9 No.1
Fracture toughness of SiC on Si thin films of thicknesses of 150, 750, and 1500 nm were measured using Agilent XP nanoindenter equipped with a Dynamic Control Module (DCM) in Load Control (LC) and Continuous Stiffness Method (CSM) protocols. The fracture toughness of the Si substrate is also measured. Nanovision images implied that indentations into the films and well deep into the Si caused cracks to initiate at the Si substrate and propagate upward to the films. The composite fracture toughness of the SiC/Si was measured and the fracture toughness of the SiC films was determined based on models that estimate film properties from substrate properties. The composite hardness and modulus of the SiC films were measured as well. For the DCM, the hardness decreases from an average of 35 GPa to an average of 13 GPa as the film thick increases from 150 nm to 1500 nm. The hardness and moduli of the films depict the hardness and modulus of Si at deep indents of 12 and 200 GPa respectively, which correlate well with literature hardness and modulus values of Si. The fracture toughness values of the films were reported as 3.2 MPa√m.
Mamun, M.I.R.,Abd El-Aty, A.M.,Musfiqur Rahman, Md.,Choi, Jeong-Heui,Yun, Kyeong Won,Shin, Ho-Chul,Shim, Jae-Han The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2015 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.58 No.2
Leaves from a natural population of Artemisia princeps var. orientalis (Pamp.) H. Hara were collected monthly from April through October and characterized for composition of secondary metabolite compounds and their phytotoxic effects on seed germination and seedling growth of Achyranthes japonica and Lactuca sativa. The compounds were identified using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) coupled with a solvent-free solid injector (SFSI). GC/MS analyses of all samples revealed qualitative variability in the composition of secondary metabolites. The greatest number of compounds was identified in July (56) followed by September (30) and April (24), and the lowest number was found in June (2) and August (2). Among 92 compounds, the major compounds were various terpenes (23) (mono-, sesqui, di-, and tri-terpenes) followed by heterocyclic compounds (18) and hydrocarbons (14). The higher the concentration of the secondary metabolites, the lower the seed germination and seedling growth of A. japonica and L. sativa. Plant samples collected in July and August were most detrimental. Taken together, variability in the secondary metabolites compounds of A. princeps var. orientalis was verified during different seasons, and the compounds were successfully identified by a combination of SFSI and GC/MS. Notably, the antimicrobial and antioxidative effects were inconsistent throughout the various seasons.
Preventing Tunneling Attack Using Minimum and Approximate Hop Count for Secure MANET Routing
( Mamun-or-rashid ),( Choong Seon Hong ) 한국정보처리학회 2004 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.11 No.2
Providing security in any network is a well-studied problem. It is particularly arduous and challenging in mobile ad hoc networking. A number of attacks have been identified in mobile ad hoc network (MANET) routing. One such severe attack is tunneling attack that is difficult to protect against. Among the attacks tunneling attack, where two or more nodes may collaborate to encapsulate and exchange messages between them along with the existing data routes. One vulnerability is that two such nodes may collaborate to falsely represent the length of the available paths by encapsulating and tunneling between them legitimate route messages generated by other nodes. In this paper we propose minimum and approximation hop count for preventing tunneling attack. Distance between source and destination is calculated using GPS based location information and based on transmission range of the nodes we can calculate minimum and approximate hop between two nodes. Comparing the hop count from the packet received at the node with the minimum or approximate hop count we can discard falsifying routes and neighbors generated by the malicious nodes. Our proposal hinders from false routes and fake neighbors with little data overhead of added location information and processing overhead at the source and destination.