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Lee, Gyu Hyun,Jin, Youngeup,Lee, Sungeun,Lee, Jong Gun,Kim, Jin Young,Lee, Kwanghee,Jin, Sung-Ho,Ha, Chang-Sik,Won, Mi-Sook,Kang, Shin-Won,Suh, Hongsuk 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 2002 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.18 No.-
There have been extensive research efforts on organic electroluminescent devices (OELDs) with the aim of application for the flat panel display (FPD). OELDs have also attracted much interest because of their particular low driving voltage, convenient design of the device structures, possible control of emission band, and low fabrication cost compared with any other devices. OELDs can be classified as either molecular or polymer-based. Molecular-based devices consist of vacuum deposited fluorescent emitter layers whereas polymer-based devices consist of either spinor dip-coated layers. Most of the research in the field of polymer-chain conducting polymers such as poly(plenylene vinylene) (PPV), poly(p-phenylene) (PPP), their copolymers and soluble derivatives. Other groups have reported non-conjugated polymers with pendant chromophores for OELDs. The attachment of the fluorophore as the pendant group of a random-coil polymer presents several advantages: (1) the synthetic route would be simpler than that used for main-chain polymers; (2) the moderate solubility could be obtained by the nature of the backbone; (3) the emission wavelength would be easily controllable. We, recently, reported the PU polymer with the 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(4-dimethylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran (DCM) dye as the pendant. Even though it is known that the PU backbone have many quenching sites, the turn-on voltage of the PU-DCM device was ca. 5 V. Also, the change of the fluorophores in the side chain from para-cyanostilbene(PU-CN) to DCN (PU-DCM) caused the shift of PL emission wavelength. For the PL emission spectra of PU-CN and PU-DCM, the maximum peaks were at ca. 520 and 630 nm, respectively, corresponding to the maximum PL peaks. Therefore, EL, and PL properties can be changed using different lumophore pendant groups possibly caused by the electron withdrawing effect of the DCM prndant. In the present work, PU derivatives with stilbene pendant. In the present work, PU derivatives with stilbene pendant containing one or two fluoro group were introduced on the stilbene side chain. OELDs using polyurethane derivatives with stilbene pendants were fabricated to investigate the effect of the electron withdrawing substituents of the lumophore pendant on the EL and PL properties. Since PU derivatives possess different electron withdrawing substituents on the stilbence pendant, the shift of emission wave-length is expected.
Introducing paired electric dipole layers for efficient and reproducible perovskite solar cells
Lee, Jong-Hoon,Kim, Junghwan,Kim, Geunjin,Shin, Dongguen,Jeong, Song Yi,Lee, Jinho,Hong, Soonil,Choi, Jin Woo,Lee, Chang-Lyoul,Kim, Heejoo,Yi, Yeonjin,Lee, Kwanghee The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol.11 No.7
<P>Elimination of charge trapping at defects is highly challenging for poly-crystalline organometal halide perovskites. Here, we report a new architecture for reinforcing the built-in electric field (<I>E</I>in) across the photoactive layer with a pair of strong electric dipole layers (EDLs). The paired EDLs significantly intensify the <I>E</I>in across the perovskite layer, resulting in suppressed charge trapping of photogenerated charges. As a result, our low-temperature processed P-I-N planar PeSC devices using the paired EDLs exhibit a higher power conversion efficiency (<I>η</I>max ∼ 19.4%) and a smaller device-to-device variation with a standard deviation (S.D.) of 0.70%, which far surpass those (<I>η</I>max ∼ 17.8%, S.D. ∼ 1.1%) of the devices with typical charge transport layers.</P>
Kwanghee Lee,Il Moon,Seungnam Kim,Sunghyun Cho,Sungyun Her 한국재난정보학회 2014 한국재난정보학회 논문집 Vol.10 No.1
본 연구를 통하여 화학·방사능 재난 발생 시 통합대응이 가능한 민방위담당관을 위한 새로운 프로그램 패키지를 개발하였다. 개발을 위하여 화학재난 대응시스템과 방사능재 난 대응시스템을 통합하는 방향을 모색하였다. 이 프로그램은 625개의 화학 및 방사능 재난 시나리오를 탑재하고 있으며 이를 통해 재난에 대한 보다 체계적인 지역 공공보호 계획을 개선할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 또한, 실시간으로 재난 정보를 공유함으로써 재난으로부터 발생할 수 있는 피해를 최소화 할 수 있다. A new prototype software package has been developed by integrating two existing programs designed to predict and maneuver chemical and nuclear disasters in order to set up a response system for dealing with the combined two disasters. The protype is designed to be mainly used by civil defence officers, together with an identification of 625 scenarios of chemical and nuclear disasters. The package is expected to contribute to upgrade a more systematic regional public protection plan for chemical and nuclear disasters. In addition, it enables all relevant local divisions to share disaster information in real time, resulting in a minimization of possible fatal damages.
Lee, Dong-Gyu,Jeong, Hwakyeung,Jeon, Ki-Wan,Zhang, Luojiang,Park, Kwanghee,Ryu, Sunmin,Kim, Jongwon,Lee, In Su The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.5 No.42
<▼1><P>Carbon thin-layer-coated manganese-oxide nanocrystals as an effective support for high-performance Pt electrocatalysts stabilized at a metal–metal oxide–carbon triple junction.</P></▼1><▼2><P>The use of the metal-oxide support has been proved to be an effective approach in the development of fuel-cell catalysts especially for improving the stability of Pt-based electrocatalysts, which is not attainable with conventional carbonaceous materials. Nonetheless, because of the intrinsic low electrical conductivity of pure metal-oxides, metal-oxide-supported systems have not been productive in terms of mass activity that is a primary criterion for the cost-effective electrocatalysts. This paper reports the fabrication of a unique Pt/Mn3O4–carbon triple-junction (TJ) structure, bearing a high density of Pt catalysts entirely sandwiched in between the nano-sized Mn3O4 core and surrounding carbon shell, which integrates the complementary advantages of metal-oxide and carbon supports and thus endows Pt catalysts with optimized electrocatalytic performance. In this study, the unexplored capacity of the Mn3O4 surface was found to accelerate the polymerization process of the surface attached dopamine molecule even under an ordinarily unreactive condition, which enabled the formation of a very thin and contiguous polydopamine layer. The resultant polydopamine film could be converted into a 1.8 nm-thin N-doped carbon layer with sufficiently high electrical conductivity, which allowed the Pt deposition during the galvanic replacement reaction to occur exclusively onto the manganese oxide surface covered underneath the carbon layer and therefore produced the TJ of Pt/Mn3O4–carbon. The resultant TJ structure exhibited the 10-fold enhanced mass activity in the oxygen reduction reaction compared with that of the Mn3O4-supported Pt, which is the highest mass activity for the ORR achieved with oxide-supported catalysts that has been reported so far, while preserving the sufficient durability.</P></▼2>
Lee, Kwanghee,Moon, Il,Kim, Seungnam,Cho, Sunghyun,Her, Sungyun 한국재난정보학회 2014 한국재난정보학회 논문집 Vol.10 No.1
A new prototype software package has been developed by integrating two existing programs designed to predict and maneuver chemical and nuclear disasters in order to set up a response system for dealing with the combined two disasters. The protype is designed to be mainly used by civil defence officers, together with an identification of 625 scenarios of chemical and nuclear disasters. The package is expected to contribute to upgrade a more systematic regional public protection plan for chemical and nuclear disasters. In addition, it enables all relevant local divisions to share disaster information in real time, resulting in a minimization of possible fatal damages. 본 연구를 통하여 화학 방사능 재난 발생 시 통합대응이 가능한 민방위담당관을 위한 새로운 프로그램 패키지를 개발하였다. 개발을 위하여 화학재난 대응시스템과 방사능재난 대응시스템을 통합하는 방향을 모색하였다. 이 프로그램은 625개의 화학 및 방사능재난 시나리오를 탑재하고 있으며 이를 통해 재난에 대한 보다 체계적인 지역 공공보호 계획을 개선할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 또한, 실시간으로 재난 정보를 공유함으로써 재난으로부터 발생할 수 있는 피해를 최소화 할 수 있다.
Lee, Jinho,Kang, Hongkyu,Kee, Seyoung,Lee, Seoung Ho,Jeong, Song Yi,Kim, Geunjin,Kim, Junghwan,Hong, Soonil,Back, Hyungcheol,Lee, Kwanghee American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.9
<P>Recently, the most efficient tandem polymer solar cells (PSCs) have used poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as a p-type component of recombination layer (RL). However, its undesirable acidic nature, originating from insulating PSS, of PEDOT:PSS drastically reduces the lifetime of PSCs. Here, we demonstrate the efficient and stable tandem PSCs by introducing acid-free self-doped conducting polymer (SCP), combined with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), as RL for PEDOT:PSS-free tandem PSCs. Moreover, we introduce an innovative and versatile nanocomposite system containing photoactive and p-type conjugated polyelectrolyte (p-CPE) into the tandem fabrication of an ideal self-organized recombination layer. In our new RL, highly conductive SCP facilitates charge transport and recombination process, and p-CPE helps to achieve nearly loss-free charge collection by increasing effective work function of indium tin oxide (ITO) and SCP. Because of the synergistic effect of extremely low electrical resistance, ohmic contact, and pH neutrality, tandem devices with our novel RL performed well, exhibiting a high power conversion efficiency of 10.2% and a prolonged lifetime. These findings provide a new insight for strategic design of RLs using SCPs to achieve efficient and stable tandem PSCs and enable us to review and extend the usefulness of SCPs in various electronics research fields.</P>