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( Iljin Kim ),( Sanga Choi ),( Seongkyeong Yoo ),( Mingyu Lee ),( Jong-wan Park ) 생화학분자생물학회 2022 BMB Reports Vol.55 No.6
The acute response to hypoxia is mainly driven by hypoxiainducible factors, but their effects gradually subside with time. Hypoxia-specific histone modifications may be important for the stable maintenance of long-term adaptation to hypoxia. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the dynamic alterations of histones under hypoxic conditions. We found that the phosphorylation of histone H3 at Ser-10 (H3S10) was noticeably attenuated after hypoxic challenge, which was mediated by the inhibition of aurora kinase B (AURKB). To understand the role of AURKB in epigenetic regulation, DNA microarray and transcription factor binding site analyses combined with proteomics analysis were performed. Under normoxia, phosphorylated AURKB, in concert with the repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (REST), phosphorylates H3S10, which allows the AURKB-REST complex to access the MDM2 proto-oncogene. REST then acts as a transcriptional repressor of MDM2 and downregulates its expression. Under hypoxia, AURKB is dephosphorylated and the AURKB-REST complex fails to access MDM2, leading to the upregulation of its expression. In this study, we present a case of hypoxia-specific epigenetic regulation of the oxygen-sensitive AURKB signaling pathway. To better understand the cellular adaptation to hypoxia, it is worthwhile to further investigate the epigenetic regulation of genes under hypoxic conditions. [BMB Reports 2022; 55(6): 287-292]
Younghwan Kim,Sooyeon Kim,Iljin Lee,Urteaga, Miguel,Sanggeun Jeon Professional Technical Group on Microwace Theory a 2015 IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniqu Vol. No.
<P>This paper presents a wideband vector-sum phase shifter (VSPS) that operates over the entire WR-3 band (220-320 GHz). Compared to conventional VSPSs with double Gilbert cells, the proposed phase shifter employs a single Gilbert-cell structure for vector modulation. This reduces the output current combining ratio from 8:2 to 4:2, and boosts the impedance at the combining node, thus facilitating wideband output matching at upper millimeter-wave and terahertz bands. The simplified structure leads to a reduction in dc power consumption and chip area without sacrificing the 360 <SUP>°</SUP> phase-shifting property. Lossy matching is applied at the Gilbert-cell output to further increase bandwidth and stability at the expense of relatively high loss. The phase shifter is implemented using a 250-nm InP DHBT technology that provides f T and f max exceeding 370 and 650 GHz, respectively. The measurements exhibit a wideband phase shift with continuous 360 <SUP>°</SUP> coverage and average insertion loss ranging from 11.8 to 15.6 dB for the entire WR-3 band. The root mean square amplitude and phase error among different phase states are less than 1.2 dB and 10.2 <SUP>°</SUP>, respectively. The input-referred 1-dB compression is measured at 0.7 dBm on average. The dc power consumption is 21.8-42.0 mW at different phase states.</P>
Jeon Sungmi,Kim Iljin,Na Yi Rang,Yong Hong Ki,Chang Hak,Kim Seung Hwan,Jeong Yu Jin,Chung Jee Hyeok,Kim Sang Wha 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2023 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.20 No.6
BACKGROUND: Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) exert immunomodulatory effects in the treatment of transplant rejection. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ADSCs on the skin graft survival in a human-to-rat xenograft transplantation model and to compare single and multiple injections of ADSCs. METHODS: Full-thickness human skin xenografts were transplanted into the backs of Sprague–Dawley rats. The rats were injected subcutaneously on postoperative days 0, 3, and 5. The injections were as follows: triple injections of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS group), a single injection of ADSCs and double injections of PBS (ADSC 9 1 group), and triple injections of ADSCs (ADSC 9 3 group). The immunomodulatory effects of ADSCs on human skin xenografts were assessed. RESULTS: Triple injections of ADSCs considerably delayed cell-mediated xenograft rejection compared with the PBS and ADSC 9 1 groups. The vascularization and collagen type 1–3 ratios in the ADSC 9 3 group were significantly higher than those in the other groups. In addition, intragraft infiltration of CD3-, CD4-, CD8-, and CD68-positive cells was reduced in the ADSC 9 3 group. Furthermore, in the ADSC 9 3 group, the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-c) were decreased and immunosuppressive prostaglandin E synthase (PGES) was increased in the xenograft and lymph node samples. CONCLUSION: This study presented that triple injections of ADSCs appeared to be superior to a single injection in suppressing cell-mediated xenograft rejection. The immunomodulatory effects of ADSCs are associated with the downregulation of IFN-c and upregulation of PGES in skin xenografts and lymph nodes.
Kwak Su-Bin,Kim Sang Jin,Kim Jiyoung,Kang Ye-Lim,Ko Chang Woo,Kim Iljin,Park Jong-Wan 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-
Surgery is unanimously regarded as the primary strategy to cure solid tumors in the early stages but is not always used in advanced cases. However, tumor surgery must be carefully considered because the risk of metastasis could be increased by the surgical procedure. Tumor surgery may result in a deep wound, which induces many biological responses favoring tumor metastasis. In particular, NETosis, which is the process of forming neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), has received attention as a risk factor for surgery-induced metastasis. To reduce cancer mortality, researchers have made efforts to prevent secondary metastasis after resection of the primary tumor. From this point of view, a better understanding of surgery-induced metastasis might provide new strategies for more effective and safer surgical approaches. In this paper, recent insights into the surgical effects on metastasis will be reviewed. Moreover, in-depth opinions about the effects of NETs on metastasis will be discussed.
A G-Band Frequency Doubler Using a Commercial 150 nm GaAs pHEMT Technology
Iljin Lee,Junghyun Kim,Sanggeun Jeon 한국전자파학회JEES 2017 Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science Vol.17 No.3
This paper presents a frequency doubler operating at G-band that exceeds the maximum oscillation frequency (fmax) of the given transistor technology. A common-source transistor is biased on class-B to obtain sufficient output power at the second harmonic frequency. The input and output impedances are matched to achieve high output power and high return loss. The frequency doubler is fabricated in a commercial 150-nm GaAs pHEMT process and obtains a measured conversion gain of −5.5 dB and a saturated output power of −7.5 dBm at 184 GHz.