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Deliberative Democracy in Action: The Case of Musrenbang in Bandung, Indonesia
Mireille Marcia Karman,Sylvia Yazid,Rizky Widian 이화여자대학교 국제지역연구소 2022 Asian International Studies Review Vol.23 No.1
Indonesia has adopted a regularized public deliberation mechanism as a democratic innovation to ensure the inclusive involvement of citizens in city development planning. This research analyzes how the innovation, called Musrenbang, is conducted in one of the cities in Indonesia: Bandung. To conduct such analysis, we used literature analysis, direct observation, and focus group discussions (FGD s) to gather the research. This research found that Musrenbang in Bandung has the potential to be an ideal deliberative arena, although some challenges that disrupt the deliberation process are still present. We believe that the case of Musrenbang can further contribute to the deliberative democracy literature as a promising example of a regularized official system for public deliberation.
The Persistent Horizontal Antagonism within the Democratic Regime
Mireille Marcia Karman,Sylvia Yazid 미래사회통합연구센터 2018 Journal of Conflict and Integration Vol.2 No.1
This paper argues that the existence of persistent antagonism within the Indonesian society is a sign of flawed democratization process caused by certain embedded culture within the society. It examines the fulfilment of supposed preconditions for democratization which departs from Charles Tilly’s Democracy and the underlying causes of defect in every precondition. Although this paper does not provide direct causal relations between existing culture and persistent antagonism, it suggests the need to address cultural factor properly in order to understand how certain culture undermines the democratization process in Indonesia and the struggles to deal with the issue of horizontal antagonism.
Sylvia Yazid,Mireille Marcia Karman 이화여자대학교 국제지역연구소 2024 Asian International Studies Review Vol.25 No.1
The COVID-19 pandemic affected border management policies by introducing health protocol norms for foreigners entering the country. Although public rhetoric often emphasized the importance of preventing an increase in imported cases, the implementation of health protocols in Indonesian border management policy varied from long quarantine periods during the advent of the pandemic to the easing of border control during the Omicron spike. This paper is focused on the international and domestic dynamics that affected the meaning and implementation of health protocols in Indonesia’s border management policies. It was found that, although international health norms served as initial guidance for health protocols at the start of the pandemic, their influence faded over time as they did not align with the national agenda, which prioritized economic growth. Therefore, after successfully adapting to the pandemic, the president and his elite circle redefined health protocols to favor the economic recovery process.
Alaya, M.N.,Youssef, A.M.,Karman, M.,Abd El-Aal, H.E Korean Carbon Society 2006 Carbon Letters Vol.7 No.1
Activated carbons were obtained by activating wild cherry stones with different concentrations of phosphoric acid or zinc chloride at different temperatures. The adsorption of $N_2$ at 77 K and of $CO_2$ at 273 K was followed and the data were analyzes by considering different adsorption models. The activated carbons obtained measured high surface area with the most of the surface in all samples located in micropores. Fair agreement was found between the nitrogen surface areas calculated from the BET-, t-, ${\alpha}$- and DR- methods, although the first three are based on surface coverage whereas the latter is based on micropore filling. The carbon dioxide surface areas calculated by the DA equation were smaller than the comparable nitrogen areas. This was ascribed to domination of surface coverage mechanism, the absence of activated diffusion process. Based on this explanation the $CO_2$-surface areas as calculated by DA equation should be taken with great reservation.
M.N. Alaya,A.M. Youssef,M. Karman,H.E Abd El-Aal 한국탄소학회 2006 Carbon Letters Vol.7 No.1
Activated carbons were obtained by activating wild cherry stones with different concentrations of phosphoric acid or zinc chloride at different temperatures. The adsorption of N2 at 77 K and of CO2 at 273 K was followed and the data were analyzes by considering different adsorption models. The activated carbons obtained measured high surface area with the most of the surface in all samples located in micropores. Fair agreement was found between the nitrogen surface areas calculated from the BET-, t-, α- and DR- methods, although the first three are based on surface coverage whereas the latter is based on micropore filling. The carbon dioxide surface areas calculated by the DA equation were smaller than the comparable nitrogen areas. This was ascribed to domination of surface coverage mechanism, the absence of activated diffusion process. Based on this explanation the CO2-surface areas as calculated by DA equation should be taken with great reservation.
Adsorption of Phenols onto Chemically-Activated Carbons Developed from Wild Cherry Stones
Alaya, M.N.,Youssef, A.M.,Karman, M.,Abd El-Aal, H.E. Korean Carbon Society 2006 Carbon Letters Vol.7 No.3
Phosphoric acid-activated carbon WP's and zinc chloride-activated carbons WZ's were developed from wild cherry stones. The textural properties of the activated carbons were determined from nitrogen adsorption data at 77 K and the chemistry of the carbon surface, i.e. the surface carbon-oxygen groups (type and amount) was determined from the base and acid neutralization capacities (Boehm method). The adsorption of phenol, p-nitrophenol, p-chlorophenol, dinitrophenol and dichlorophenol was followed at 298 K. The activated carbons obtained were characterized by high surface area and large pore volumes as well as by high surface concentration of C-O groups. The investigated carbons exhibited high adsorption capacities towards phenols with these capacities increased with the increase of molecular weight and the decrease of the solubility of phenol in water. However, no general relationship could be observed between the adsorption capacities of carbons and any of their textural parameters or their surface chemistry. This may be attributed to the many factors controlling phenol adsorption and the different types and mechanisms of adsorption involved.
Adsorption of Phenols onto Chemically-Activated Carbons Developed from Wild Cherry Stones
M.N. Alaya,A.M. Youssef,M. Karman,H.E. Abd El-Aal 한국탄소학회 2006 Carbon Letters Vol.7 No.3
Phosphoric acid-activated carbon WP's and zinc chloride-activated carbons WZ's were developed from wild cherry stones. The textural properties of the activated carbons were determined from nitrogen adsorption data at 77 K and the chemistry of the carbon surface, i.e. the surface carbon-oxygen groups (type and amount) was determined from the base and acid neutralization capacities (Boehm method). The adsorption of phenol, p-nitrophenol, p-chlorophenol, dinitrophenol and dichlorophenol was followed at 298 K. The activated carbons obtained were characterized by high surface area and large pore volumes as well as by high surface concentration of C-O groups. The investigated carbons exhibited high adsorption capacities towards phenols with these capacities increased with the increase of molecular weight and the decrease of the solubility of phenol in water. However, no general relationship could be observed between the adsorption capacities of carbons and any of their textural parameters or their surface chemistry. This may be attributed to the many factors controlling phenol adsorption and the different types and mechanisms of adsorption involved.
이국희(Kuk-Hee Lee),김윤재(Yun-Jae Kim),Peter J Budden,Karman Nikbin 대한기계학회 2009 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2009 No.5
This paper extends the validity of limit load solutions for thin-walled branch junctions, previously proposed by the authors, to thick-walled cases. It is achieved simply by re-normalizing the thin-wall expressions by the limit loads of thick-wall tubes instead of those of thin-wall tubes. Comparison with finite element results shows overall good agreement.