Bioactivity-based analysis and chemical characterization of cytotoxic constituents from Chaga mushroom (<i>Inonotus obliquus</i>) that induce apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma cells

Baek, Jiwon,Roh, Hyun-Soo,Baek, Kwan-Hyuck,Lee, Seulah,Lee, Seul,Song, Seong-Soo,Kim, Ki Hyun Elsevier 2018 Journal of Ethnopharmacology Vol.224 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Ethnopharmacological relevance</B></P> <P> <I>Inonotus obliquus</I>, also known as Chaga mushroom, is one of the most widely appreciated wild edible mushrooms in Russia and northern European countries and is renowned for its use in cancer treatment. Indeed, recently published <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> studies have demonstrated its anticancer activity in various types of cancer and support its potential application for therapeutic intervention in cancer. However, its activity against lung cancer, the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and the underlying molecular basis of its action remain to be fully elucidated.</P> <P><B>Objective</B></P> <P>This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of <I>I. obliquus</I> in four human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines with different p53 status (A549, H1264, H1299, and Calu-6) and identify its active constituents by bioactivity-based analysis and the underlying molecular basis of their cytotoxicity on lung cancer cells.</P> <P><B>Materials and methods</B></P> <P>Bioactivity-guided fractionation and preparative/semi-preparative HPLC purification were used with LC/MS analysis to separate the bioactive constituents. Cell viability and apoptosis in human lung cancer cell lines (A549, H1264, H1299, and Calu-6) were assessed using the WST-1 assay and TUNEL staining, respectively. Caspase activation was assessed by detecting its surrogate markers, cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3, using an immunoblot assay.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The MeOH extract of <I>I. obliquus</I> reduced cell viability in all lung cancer cell lines tested through induction of apoptosis accompanied by caspase-3 cleavage. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the MeOH extract and chemical investigation of its cytotoxic hexane-soluble and CH<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB>-soluble fractions led to the isolation of eight triterpenoids (<B>1–8</B>), including a new lanostane-type triterpenoid named chagabusone A (<B>7</B>). The structures of the isolates were elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR and high-resolution ESIMS. Among isolated compounds, compounds <B>1</B>, <B>6</B>, and <B>7</B> showed the most potent cytotoxic activity in all human lung cancer cell lines examined, with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values ranging from 75.1 to 227.4 μM. Cytotoxicity of these compounds was mediated by apoptosis with caspase-3 activation.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>These findings provide experimental evidence supporting the potential application of <I>I. obliquus</I> in lung cancer treatment and reveal the molecular basis underlying its cytotoxic activity against human lung cancer cells.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Sex-specific effects of social networks on the prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension among older Korean adults

Baek, Jiwon,Hur, Nam Wook,Kim, Hyeon Chang,Youm, Yoosik Science Press 2016 Journal of geriatric cardiology Vol.13 No.7

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Hypertension is a common chronic disease among older adults, and is associated with medical complications and mortality. This study aimed to examine the effects of social network characteristics on the prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension among older adults.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>The Korean Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (KSHAP) interviewed 814 ≥ 60-year-old residents and their spouses from a rural township between December 2011 and March 2012 (response rate: 95%). We evaluated the data from 595 participants. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the effects of network characteristics on hypertension.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>We observed strong sex-specific network effects on the prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension. Among older women, network density was associated with hypertension awareness [odds ratio (OR): 2.63, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03–5.37] and control (OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 0.94–3.13). Among older men, large networks were associated with a lower prevalence of hypertension (OR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.58–0.96). Compared to older women, older men with coarse networks exhibited better hypertension awareness (OR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.14–0.95) and control (OR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.19–0.91). Network size interacted with density for hypertension control (<I>P</I> = 0.051), with controlled hypertension being associated with large and course networks.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>A large network was associated with a lower risk for hypertension, and a coarse network was associated with hypertension awareness and control among older men. Older women with dense networks were most likely to exhibit hypertension awareness and control.</P>

(−)-9′-<i>O</i>-(α-<small>L</small>-Rhamnopyranosyl)lyoniresinol from <i>Lespedeza cuneata</i> suppresses ovarian cancer cell proliferation through induction of apoptosis

Baek, Jiwon,Lee, Dahae,Lee, Tae Kyoung,Song, Ji Hoon,Lee, Ju Sung,Lee, Seong,Yoo, Sang-Woo,Kang, Ki Sung,Moon, Eunjung,Lee, Sanghyun,Kim, Ki Hyun Elsevier 2018 Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters Vol.28 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P> <I>Lespedeza cuneata</I> (Dum. Cours.) G. Don. (Fabaceae), known as Chinese bushclover or sericea lespedeza, has been used in traditional medicine to treat diabetes, hematuria, and insomnia, and it has been reported that bioactive compounds from <I>L. cuneata</I> possess various pharmacological properties. However, there has been no study to determine the active compounds from <I>L. cuneata</I> with potential activity against ovarian cancer. This study aimed to isolate cytotoxic compounds from <I>L. cuneata</I> and identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the apoptosis pathway in ovarian cancer cells. Based on cytotoxic activity identified in the screening test, chemical investigation of the active fraction of <I>L. cuneata</I> led to the isolation of nine compounds including four lignanosides (<B>1</B>–<B>4</B>), three flavonoid glycosides (<B>5</B>–<B>7</B>), and two phenolics (<B>8</B>–<B>9</B>). Cytotoxicity and the molecular mechanism were examined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and Western blot analysis. Of the isolated compounds, (−)-9′-<I>O</I>-(α-<SMALL>L</SMALL>-rhamnopyranosyl)lyoniresinol (<B>3</B>) demonstrated the strongest effect in suppressing A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC<SUB>50</SUB> value of 35.40 ± 2.78 μM. Control A2780 cells had normal morphology, whereas cell blebbing, shrinkage, and condensation were observed after treatment with compound <B>3</B>. Western blotting analysis showed that compound <B>3</B> inhibited A2780 human ovarian cancer cell viability by activating caspase-8, caspase-3, and PARP, which contributed to apoptotic cell death. These results suggest that (−)-9′-<I>O</I>-(α-<SMALL>L</SMALL>-rhamnopyranosyl)lyoniresinol (<B>3</B>) has potent anticancer activities against A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cells through the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. Therefore, (−)-9′-<I>O</I>-(α-<SMALL>L</SMALL>-rhamnopyranosyl)lyoniresinol is an excellent candidate for the development of novel chemotherapeutics.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Raphanus sativus Sprout Causes Selective Cytotoxic Effect on p53-Deficient Human Lung Cancer Cells in vitro

Baek, Jiwon,Roh, Hyun-Soo,Choi, Chang-Ik,Baek, Kwan-Hyuck,Kim, Ki Hyun NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS 2017 Natural product communications Vol.12 No.2

<P>Raphanus sativus L. (Brassicaceae) is widely consumed in many different forms worldwide. Its sprouts, in particular, are commonly consumed as a health food. R. sativus sprout has recently been shown to have anti-tumor activity on human colon cancer cells, suggesting that it may have potential use in cancer prevention and treatment. The extent of this anti-tumor activity and its underlying mechanisms, however, remain to be investigated in other types of cancer cells. In this study, we showed that the MeOH extract from R. sativus sprout exhibits significant but variable cytotoxic effects on human lung adenocarcinoma cells depending on their p53 status. The MeOH extract decreased the viability of p53-deleted human lung cancer cells (H1299 and Calu-6), by inducing apoptosis; this effect, however, did not occur for wild-type p53 cancer cells (A549), for cells expressing a p53 mutant lacking the C terminus (H1264), or for non-tumor fibroblast cells (NIH3T3). Phytochemical analyses of the MeOH extract allowed us to identify and isolate P-sitosterol as a major component of the MeOH extract. Direct treatment with p-sitosterol significantly reduced the viability of Calu-6 cells, suggesting that it may, in part, contribute to R. sativus sprout's anti-tumor activity. This work provides experimental evidence for a novel biological application of R. sativus sprout in treating human lung cancer, and it identifies the main component involved in this effect, further supporting its potential use as a functional food for cancer management.</P>

Effective Lens Position According to Incision Width in Cataract Surgery Using Phacoemultification and Posterior Chamber Lens Implantation

Baek, Jiwon,Tae, Kee-Sun,Lee, Anna,Kim, Man Soo,Kim, Eun Chul Informa UK (Taylor Francis) 2018 Seminars in ophthalmology Vol.33 No.7

의미연결망분석을 활용한 광고효과 분석 사례

백지원(Jiwon Baek),송태호(Tae Ho Song) 한국경영학회 2022 한국경영학회 통합학술발표논문집 Vol.2022 No.8

서울 도심 공지의 개발 시나리오에 따른 미기후 영향 분석 - 풍속 및 기온 비교 -

백지원 ( Jiwon Baek ),박찬 ( Chan Park ),박소민 ( Somin Park ),최재연 ( Jaeyeon Choi ),송원경 ( Wonkyong Song ),강다인 ( Dain Kang ),김수련 ( Suryeon Kim ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2021 환경영향평가 Vol.30 No.2

건물이 밀집되고 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 열섬현상이 가중되고 열쾌적성에 취약하다. 도심에서 방치되고 있는 공지는 주거환경과 도시미관을 저해하고 지역 전체의 경제적 활력이 낮아지며 도시를 쇠퇴하는 하나의 요인으로 다루어진다. 이에 본 연구에서는 서울 종로구 송현동의 공지를 대상으로 개발 시나리오에 따라 주변 미기후 영향을 비교하고자 하였다. 현 상태 유지, 녹지 중심, 건물 중심, 녹지-건물 절충시나리오를 설정하고, ENVI-met을 사용하여 개별 시나리오별로 대상지와 대상지 주변 1 km 내 변화되는 풍속, 기온, 평균복사온도를 개발 시나리오별 내·외부 영향을 비교분석하였다. 연구 결과, 대상지 내·외부는 녹지 중심의 시나리오가 현 상태 유지 시나리오와 비교했을 때 계절별 평균 기온은 낮아졌고, 풍속이 빨라진 것으로 도출되었다. 여름철 최대 -0.73 ℃가 낮아지거나 1.5 ℃까지 상승될 것으로 예상되었고, 풍속은 시나리오에 따라 최대 210 m 범위까지 영향이 있었다. 또한, 녹지는 내·외부, 건물 배치 및 크기는 녹지보다 효과는 적으나 인접한 외부 공간에 영향을 주는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 송현동 개발 방향에 대한 의사결정 지원 도구로써 도움을 줄 수 있고, 향후 환경영향평가 제도에 미기후에 대한 부분을 반영하는데 활용할 수 있을 것으로 예상된다. In the city of high population density crowded with buildings, Urban Heat Island (UHI) is intensified, and the city is vulnerable to thermal comfort. The maintenance of vacant land in downtown is treated as a factor that undermines the residential environment, spoils the urban landscape, and decreases the economic vitality of the whole region. Therefore, this study compared the effects on microclimate in the surrounding area according to the development scenarios targeting the vacant land in Songhyeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul. The status quo, green oriented, building oriented and green-building mediation scenarios were established and ENVI-met was used to compare and analyze the impact of changes in wind speed, air temperature and mean radiant temperature (MRT) within 1 km of the target and the target site. The result of inside and 1 km radius the targeted area showed that the seasonal average temperature decreased and the wind speed increased when the green oriented scenario was compared with the current state one. It was expected that the temperature lowered to -0.73 °C or increased to 1.5 °C in summer, and the wind speed was affected up to 210 meters depending on the scenario. And it was revealed that green area inside the site generally affects inside area, but the layout and size of the buildings affect either internal and external area. This study is expected to help as a decision-making support tool for developing Songhyeon-dong area and to be used to reflect the part related to microclimate on the future environmental effects evaluation system.

YOLOv3 딥러닝 알고리즘을 이용한 미세조류 이미지 분류

백지원(Jiwon Baek),박정규(Jungkyu Park),김종락(Jongrack Kim),김극태(Keugtae Kim) 대한환경공학회 2020 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2020 No.11

YOLO 알골리즘 성능 비교를 통한 미세조류 이미지 분류 적용성 평가

백지원(Jiwon Baek),박정수(Jungsu),김종락(Jongrack Kim),유광태(Kwangtae You) 대한환경공학회 2021 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2021 No.11

그루폴리 : 그룹 검색부터 활동까지 All In One

백지원(Jiwon baek),김대연(Daeyeon kim),정재혁(jaehyeok Jeong),윤승민(Seungmin Yoo),김성태(Seongtae Kim) 한국정보과학회 2021 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2021 No.12