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Shouke Zhang,Yaning Liu,Jinping Shu,Wei Zhang,Yabo Zhang,Haojie Wang 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.1
Wireworms are recognized as economically important oligophagous pests of Phyllostachys bamboo shoot, which have caused a huge economic loss in South China. Studies of bamboo shoot wireworm control and management were seriously hampered by the lack of reliable identification of larvae. DNA barcoding has been proved to be an important and useful tool in species identification of morphologically cryptic insects. Accurate knowledge of damage-causing species and the phylogenic structure of elaterids will provide insight into their sustainable and effective management. Here, we use interspecific variation in COI and EF1-a as a robust method of identification and consider the intra- and interspecific genetic variation of bamboo wireworms. This approach has revealed that three Melanotus larvae occurred in Phyllostachys forest. The dominance of one species in different sampling location suggests there maybe underlying difference in habit and host plant preference. These data provide a starting point for determining the distribution of wireworm species feeding on bamboo shoots in South China. The inclusions would further aid identification of wireworm species and relationships between certain wireworm species with specific environments.
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Jin, Longhai,Liu, Jinping,Wang, Shu,Zhao, Linxian,Li, Jiannan The Korean Society of Ginseng 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.6
Background: As a kind of common complication of the surgery of perianal diseases, perianal ulcer is known as a nuisance. This study aims to develop a kind of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3)-loaded hydrogel to treat perianal ulcers in a rat model. Methods: The copolymers PLGA<sub>1600</sub>-PEG<sub>1000</sub>-PLGA<sub>1600</sub> were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization process and Rg3-loaded hydrogel was then developed. The perianal ulcer rat model was established to analyze the treatment efficacy of Rg3-loaded hydrogel for ulceration healing for 15 days. The animals were divided into control group, hydrogel group, free Rg3 group, Rg3-loaded hydrogel group, and Lidocaine Gel® group. The residual wound area rate was calculated and the blood concentrations of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were recorded. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Masson's Trichrome (MT) staining, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), Ki-67, CD31, ERK1/2, and NF-κB immunohistochemical staining were performed. Results: The biodegradable and biocompatible hydrogel carries a homogenous interactive porous structure with 10 ㎛ pore size and five weeks in vivo degradation time. The loaded Rg3 can be released sustainably. The in vitro cytotoxicity study showed that the hydrogel had no effect on survival rate of murine skin fibroblasts L929. The Rg3-loaded hydrogel can facilitate perianal ulcer healing by inhibiting local and systematic inflammatory responses, swelling the proliferation of nuclear cells, collagen deposition, and vascularization, and activating ERK signal pathway. Conclusion: The Rg3-loaded hydrogel shows the best treatment efficacy of perianal ulcer and may be a candidate for perianal ulcer treatment.
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