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Imbalance of Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Esophageal Achalasia
Lu Yao,Zuqiang Liu,Weifeng Chen,Jiaqi Xu,Xiaoyue Xu,Jiaxin Xu,Liyun Ma,Xiaoqing Li,Quanlin Li,Pinghong Zhou 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2023 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.29 No.4
Background/AimsPrevious studies reveal that immune-mediated neuroinflammation plays a key role in the etiology of esophageal achalasia. However, the understanding of leucocyte phenotype and proportion is limited. This study aim to evaluate the phenotypes of leukocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells transcriptomes in esophageal achalasia. MethodsWe performed high-dimensional flow cytometry to identified subsets of peripheral leukocytes, and further validated in lower esophageal sphincter histologically. RNA sequencing was applied to investigate the transcriptional changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with achalasia. Cell-type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) was used for estimating the immune cell types. A differential gene expression analysis was performed and the differential expressed genes were subjected to gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes network, protein-protein interaction network construction. ResultsAn imbalance between innate and adaptive immune cells occurred in achalasia. Specifically, neutrophils and CD8+ T cells increased both in peripheral blood and lower esophageal sphincter in achalasia. Eosinophils decreased in peripheral blood but massively infiltrated in lower esophageal sphincter. CIBERSORT analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells RNA sequencing displayed an increased prevalence of CD8+ T cells. 170 dysregulated genes were identified in achalasia, which were enriched in immune cells migration, immune response, etc. Proton pump inhibitor analysis revealed the intersections and gained 7 hub genes in achalasia, which were IL-6, Toll-like receptor 2, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor, complement C3, and complement C1q A chain. ConclusionPatients with achalasia exhibited an imbalance of systematic innate and adaptive immunity, which may play an important role in the development of achalasia.
Lu Yi Patrick.,Fan Shujun,Liang Zhen,Song Yuxuan,Liu Kang,Zhou Kechong,Wang Xiao,Kang Jiaqi,Yang Yongjiao,Liu Xiaoqiang 대한남성과학회 2021 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.39 No.4
Purpose: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the association between phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5Is) use and skin cancers and we also examined whether down-expression of the PDE5A gene was related to worse prognosis for malignant melanoma (MM) patients. Materials and Methods: The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrails.gov databases were searched. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the association between PDE5Is use and risk of skin cancers. Cumulative meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) were also conducted. Survival outcomes were analyzed online. Results: After pooling all 8 eligible studies comprising 7,479,852 subjects, we found that PDE5Is use was significantly associated with slightly increased risk of developing MM (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.21, I2=67.1%), basal cell carcinoma (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.13 to 1.19, I2=49.6%), and squamous cell carcinoma (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.13, I2=0.0%). Totally, PDE5Is increased the risk of developing skin cancers (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.17, I2=70.8%). TSA results showed that the sample size was enough to reach a positive conclusion. Conclusions: The use of PDE5Is may be slightly associated with increased risk of developing skin cancers. There should be a balance between drug benefits and potential safety issues. However, the pooled results should be considered tentative until confounding factors such as sun exposure and lifestyle are well-controlled in further studies.
The rationale and potential for using Lactobacillus in the management of periodontitis
Wang Jiaqi,Liu Yingman,Wang Weiru,Ma Jiaojiao,Zhang Manman,Lu Xiaoying,Liu Jie,Kou Yurong 한국미생물학회 2022 The journal of microbiology Vol.60 No.4
Periodontitis refers to a wide range of the inflammatory conditions of supporting dental structures. For some patients with periodontitis, antibacterial agents are needed as an adjuvant to mechanical debridement treatments and oral hygiene maintenance. However, the widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics for the prophylaxis and treatment of periodontal infections results in the emergence of resistant pathogens. Therefore, probiotics have become markedly interesting to researchers as a potentially safe alternative to periodontal treatment and maintenance. Probiotics have been used in medicine for decades and extensively applied to the treatment of inflammatory diseases through the modulation of microbial synergy and other mechanisms. A growing amount of evidence has shown that using Lactobacillus strains for oral cavity maintenance could improve periodontal health. In this study, we reviewed studies showing proof of the inhibitory effects of Lactobacillus species on periodontal inflammation. We also explored the rationale and potential for using Lactobacillus species in the management of periodontitis.
Kang Jiaqi,Song Yuxuan,Zhang Zhexin,Wang Shangren,Lu Yi,Liu Xiaoqiang 대한남성과학회 2022 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.40 No.4
Purpose: Diabetes mellitus erectile dysfunction (DMED) is a common resulting complication of diabetes. Studies have shown mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy was beneficial in alleviating erectile function of DMED rats. While the pathogenesis of DMED and the mechanism MSCs actions are unclear. Materials and Methods: We constructed a rat model of DMED with or without intracavernous injection of MSCs, and performed microRNA (miRNA) sequencing of corpora cavernosa tissues. Results: We identified three overlapping differentially expressed miRNAs (rno-miR-1298, rno-miR-122-5p, and rnomiR- 6321) of the normal control group, DMED group, and DMED+MSCs group. We predicted 285 target genes of three miRNAs through RNAhybrid and miRanda database and constructed a miRNA-target gene network through Cytoscape. Next, we constructed protein-protein interaction networks through STRING database and identified the top 10 hub genes with highest connectivity scores. Five GO terms including cellular response to growth factor stimulus (GO:0071363), ossification (GO:0001503), response to steroid hormone (GO:0048545), angiogenesis (GO:0001525), positive regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043065), and one Reactome pathway (Innate Immune System) were significantly enriched by 10 hub genes using the Metascape database. We selected the GSE2457 dataset to validate the expression of hub genes and found only the expression of B4galt1 was statistically different (p<0.001). B4galt1 was highly expressed in penile tissues of diabetic rats and would be negatively regulated by rno-miR-1298. Conclusions: Three key miRNAs were identified in DMED rats with stem cell therapy and the miR-1298/B4GalT1 axis might exert function in stem cell therapy for ED.
Topology optimization of the photovoltaic panel connector in high-rise buildings
Xilin Lu,Jiaqi Xu,Hongmei Zhang,Peng Wei 국제구조공학회 2017 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.62 No.4
Photovoltaic (PV) panels are used in high-rise buildings to convert solar energy to electricity. Due to the considerable energy consumption of high-rise buildings, applying PV technology is of great significance to energy saving. In the application of PV panels, one of the most important construction issues is the connection of the PV panel with the main structures. One major difficulty of the connection design is that the PV panel connection consists of two separate components with coupling and indeterminate dimension. In this paper, the gap element is employed in these two separated but coupled components, i.e., hook and catch. Topology optimization is applied to optimize and design the cross-section of the PV panel connection. Pareto optimization is conducted to operate the optimization subject to multiple load scenarios. The initial design for the topology optimization is determined by the common design specified by the Technical Code for Glass Curtain Wall Engineering (JGJ 102-2003). Gravity and wind load scenarios are considered for the optimization and numerical analysis. Post analysis is conducted for the optimal design obtained by the topology optimization due to the manufactory requirements. Generally, compared with the conventional design, the optimized connector reduces material use with improved structural characteristics.
Yu Pi,Lu Ma,Hongrong Wang,Jiaqi Wang,Jianchu Xu,Dengpan Bu 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.9
Objective: This study was designed to investigate the effect of diet supplementation with rubber seed oil and flaxseed oil on serum fatty acids profile, oxidation stability of serum and milk, and immune function of dairy cows. Methods: Forty-eight mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows were randomly assigned to one of four treatments for 8 wk, including basal diet (CON) or the basal diet supplemented with 4% rubber seed oil (RO), 4% flaxseed oil (FO) or 2% rubber seed oil plus 2% flaxseed oil (RFO) on a dry matter basis. Results: Compared with CON, all the oil groups increased the levels of trans-11 C18:1 (vaccenic acid), cis-9, trans-11 C18:2 (conjugated linoleic acid, CLA) and C18:3 (α-linolenic acid, ALA) in serum. Both the activity of glutathione peroxidase and catalase in serum and milk in oil groups were decreased, which were negatively correlated with the levels of cis-9, trans-11 CLA and ALA. The concentrations of proinflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ) in serum of oil groups were lower than that from the CON cows. Conclusion: These results indicate that diet supplementation with RO or FO could alter serum fatty acid profile and enhance the immune function of dairy cows. However, the negative effect on milk oxidation stability should be considered when feeding these n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched oils in dairy production.