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Combination of a new ultrasonic tip with rotary systems for the preparation of flattened root canals
Tavares Karina Ines Medina Carita,Pinto Jáder Camilo,Santos-Junior Airton Oliveira,Esteves Torres Fernanda Ferrari,Guerreiro-Tanomaru Juliane Maria,Tanomaru-Filho Mario 대한치과보존학회 2021 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.46 No.4
Objectives This study evaluated 2 nickel-titanium rotary systems and a complementary protocol with an ultrasonic tip and a small-diameter instrument in flattened root canals. Materials and Methods Thirty-two human maxillary second premolars with flattened canals (buccolingual diameter ≥4 times larger than the mesiodistal diameter) at 9 mm from the radiographic apex were selected. The root canals were prepared by ProDesign Logic (PDL) 30/0.01 and 30/0.05 or Hyflex EDM (HEDM) 10/0.05 and 25/0.08 (n = 16), followed by application of the Flatsonic ultrasonic tip in the cervical and middle thirds and a PDL 25/0.03 file in the apical third (FPDL). The teeth were scanned using micro-computed tomography before and after the procedures. The percentage of volume increase, debris, and uninstrumented surface area were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn, Wilcoxon, analysis of variance/Tukey, and paired and unpaired t-tests (α = 0.05). Results No significant difference was found in the volume increase and uninstrumented surface area between PDL and HEDM (p > 0.05). PDL had a higher percentage of debris than HEDM in the middle and apical thirds (p < 0.05). The FPDL protocol resulted in less debris and uninstrumented surface area for PDL and HEDM (p < 0.05). This protocol, with HEDM, reduced debris in the middle and apical thirds and uninstrumented surface area in the apical third (p < 0.05). Conclusions High percentages of debris and uninstrumented surface area were observed after preparation of flattened root canals. The HEDM, Flatsonic tip, and 25/0.03 instrument protocol enhanced cleaning in flattened root canals.
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The wide utility of rabbits as models of human diseases
Pedro J. Esteves,Joana Abrantes,Hanna-Mari Baldauf,Lbachir BenMohamed,Yuxing Chen,Neil Christensen,Javier González-Gallego,Lorenzo Giacani,Jiafen Hu,Gilla Kaplan,Oliver T. Keppler,Katherine L. Knight 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-
Studies using the European rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus contributed to elucidating numerous fundamental aspects of antibody structure and diversification mechanisms and continue to be valuable for the development and testing of therapeutic humanized polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. Additionally, during the last two decades, the use of the European rabbit as an animal model has been increasingly extended to many human diseases. This review documents the continuing wide utility of the rabbit as a reliable disease model for development of therapeutics and vaccines and studies of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying many human diseases. Examples include syphilis, tuberculosis, HIV-AIDS, acute hepatic failure and diseases caused by noroviruses, ocular herpes, and papillomaviruses. The use of rabbits for vaccine development studies, which began with Louis Pasteur’s rabies vaccine in 1881, continues today with targets that include the potentially blinding HSV-1 virus infection and HIV-AIDS. Additionally, two highly fatal viral diseases, rabbit hemorrhagic disease and myxomatosis, affect the European rabbit and provide unique models to understand co-evolution between a vertebrate host and viral pathogens.
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Properties of a-C:H films deposited from a methane electron cyclotron wave resonant plasma
N.A.Morrison,C.William,B.Racine,W.I.Milne,E.Martinez,J.Esteve,J.L.Andujar 한국물리학회 2003 Current Applied Physics Vol.3 No.5
An electron cyclotron wave resonant methane plasma discharge was used for the high rate deposition of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H). Deposition rates of up to 400 AA/min were obtained over substrates up to 2.5 in. in diameter with a film thickness uniformity of 10%. The deposited films were characterised in terms of their mass density, sp3 and hydrogen contents, C–H bonding, intrinsic stress, scratch resistance and friction properties. The deposited films possessed an average sp3 content, mass density and refractive index of 58%, 1.76 g/cm3 and 2.035 respectively. Mechanical characterisation indicated that the films possessed very low steady-state coefficients of friction (ca. 0.06) and a moderate shear strength of 141 MPa. Nano-indentation measurements also indicated a hardness and elastic modulus of 16.1 and 160 GPa respectively. The critical loads required to induce coating failure were also observed to increase with ion energy as a consequence of the increase in degree of ion mixing at the interface. Furthermore, coating failure under scratch test conditions was observed to take place via fracture within the silicon substrate itself, rather than either in the coating or at the film/substrate interface. 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Gopal Kedia,Pearl Passanha,Richard M. Dinsdale,Alan J. Guwy,Sandra R. Esteves 한국생물공학회 2014 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.19 No.6
In this study volatile fatty acids (VFAs), whichare by-products from anaerobic fermentations, have beenused as the carbon source for polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHA) production by pure culture bacteria, Cupriavidusnecator. A number of factors influence the conversionefficiencies of VFAs to PHAs including the bacterialfeeding regimes. When VFA was supplied as a single feed,it was found that concentrations higher than 2% v/v VFAled to substrate inhibition and only 18% acetic acid and12% of butyric acid was converted into PHA. This resultedin less than 65% (w/w) of PHA content within themicrobial cells. Hence, the single VFA feeding strategywas found to provide low conversion rates of VFA intopolymer. An improved feeding strategy was found to bethe use of an automatic VFA feed based on the pH controlof the medium, which led to a more continuous feedingregime. The conversion of VFA to PHA was increased byalmost 2-fold to 33 and 22% for acetic acid and butyricacid respectively, with up to 75% (w/w) of PHA resultantwithin the microbial cells.
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Arseniy L. Popov,김중래,Richard M. Dinsdale,Sandra R. Esteves,Alan J. Guwy,Giuliano C. Premier 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.2
A fast and cost effective immobilization of electron carriers, methylene blue (MB) and neutral red (NR) by pH shift was proposed to improve bioanodic performance. The adsorption of mediators onto the carbon cloth anode was verified using cyclic voltammogram (CV)and the effect of the immobilized mediators on acclimation,power density, and acetate removal of MFCs was investigated. A peak power density of Pmax(MB) = 11.3 W/m3was achieved over days 110 ~ 120, as compared to Pmax(Control) = 5.4 W/m3 and Pmax(NR) = 3.1 W/m3 for the treated anode after 15 sequential fed-batch operations. The VFA removal rates however were similar for all MFC systems, ranging from 82 to 87%. It could be suggested that the increase in power density for the MB treated electrode resulted from an enhanced electron transport from exo-electrogenic bacteria. MB may also have a selective effect on the bacterial community during the start-up stage, increasing the voltage production and acetate removal from day 1 to 16. However, MFC with NR treated anode produced an initial voltage under 100 mV, with lower coulombic efficiency (CE). NR exhibited less favourable mediator molecule binding to the electrode surface, when subject to pH driven physico-chemical immobilization.
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