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Spectral analysis of <i>θ</i>-periodic Schrödinger operators and applications to periodic waves
Howard, Peter,Jung, Soyeun Academic Press 2018 Journal of differential equations Vol.264 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Assuming a symmetric matrix-valued potential, we consider the associated <I>θ</I>-periodic Schrödinger operators <SUB> H θ </SUB> on intervals [ 0 , P ] , where in our applications <I>P</I> denotes the period of a stationary periodic solution to a nonlinear evolutionary PDE. We relate the Morse index of <SUB> H θ </SUB> to certain Maslov indices, and apply our theory to operators obtained when Allen–Cahn equations and systems are linearized about stationary periodic solutions.</P>
Howard Chu,김완진,김수민,김서형,김지혜,Kelun Zhang,김혜리,김려원,이광훈,박창욱 대한피부과학회 2022 대한피부과학회지 Vol.60 No.10
Background: Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic pruritic skin disorder with a large number of hyperkeratoticnodules. The precise mechanisms of its pathogenesis remain unknown. PN has been linked to atopic dermatitis(AD), but its association remains unclear. Objective: We aimed to investigate the clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical characteristics of patientswith PN and PN underlying AD (PN-AD). Methods: Eight patients were recruited for PN, PN-AD, and eight normal subjects, respectively. Skin tissues wereobtained from patients and healthy subjects for histological and immunohistochemical analyses. Results: Histological examination showed increased epidermal thickness and dermal inflammatory cell counts in thePN-AD and PN groups compared to normal subjects. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that the expression ofinterleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, IL-18, IL-31, IL-33, interferon (IFN)-γ, stromal-derived factor (SDF) 1-α and thymicstromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) was increased in the tissues of PN-AD and PN groups, in which the stainingintensities of IL-4, IL-13, SDF1-α and TSLP in the PN-AD group were higher than those in the PN group, but thedifferences were not statistically significant. Conversely, the staining intensities of IL-18, IL-33 and IFN-γ weresignificantly higher in the PN group than those in the PN-AD group. Conclusion: The pathogenesis of PN may differ from that of PN-AD, in which IL-18, IL-33 and IFN-γ may beassociated, implying that epidermal injury is the initial cause of IL-18 and IL-33 induction, which then increasesIFN-γ, resulting in the inflammatory process of PN.
East meets West: cultural negotiations between parents and staff at a Taiwanese elite school
Howard Adam,Maxwell Claire 한국다문화교육학회 2021 Multicultural Education Review Vol.13 No.2
We take a necessary de-imperialist approach to studying how ‘Eastern’ and ‘Western’ values are negotiated in an elite school in Taiwan. By drawing on the ‘Asia as method’ framework, we examine how cultural tensions are identified and moved towards a negotiated resolution between parents and school staff. As parents and school work to develop an educational offer that meets both sets of needs, and seek to create a framework in which to facilitate trusting relationships, they must do so by bridging their different cultural traditions and focusing on a shared mission. Despite some successes in the processes of translation engaged in, cultural tensions remain, especially around planned futures for the male and female students. This paper contributes to the nascent field of elite education in the Global South, and considers how elite subjects are being produced in a third space – that is neither traditionally Western nor Eastern.
A study of wind turbine power generation and turbine/tower interaction using large eddy simulation
Howard, R.J.A.,Pereira, J.C.F. Techno-Press 2006 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.9 No.2
Wind turbines are highly complex structures for numerical flow simulation. They normally comprise of a turbine mounted on a tower thus the movement of the turbine blades and the blade/tower interaction must be captured. In addition the ground effect should also be included. There are many more important features of wind turbines and it is difficult to include all of them. A simplified set of features is chosen here for both the turbine and the tower to show how the method can begin to identify the main points connected with wind turbine wake generation and tip vortex tower interaction. An approach to modelling the rotating blades of a turbine is proposed here. The model uses point forces based on blade element theory to model the blades and takes into account their time dependent motion. This means that local instantaneous velocities can be used as a basis for the blade element theory. The model is incorporated into a large eddy simulation code and, although many important features are left out of the model, the velocity/power performance relation is generally of the correct order of magnitude. Suggested improvements to the method are discussed.
( Howard Chu ),( Jae Won Lee ),( Dongyun Shin ),( Hee Ju Kim ),( Min Geol Lee ),( Dae Suk Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.1
Blaschkitis is a rare, recurrent dermatitis that consists of linearly distributed pruritic papules along the Blaschko lines. Since the first description in 1990, several reports have been made. The histologic finding initially described was spongiotic dermatitis, yet findings of interface dermatitis have been reported recently. We also present two cases of blaschkitis where interface dermatitis was revealed histologically. A 26-year-old male visited our dermatology clinic with slightly pruritic linear figurative irregular-shaped erythematous scaly patches on right trunk for 6 months. A skin biopsy was done, which revealed lichenoid dermatitis with hyperkeratosis. The patient was treated with topical steroid only, and slight improvements were observed. Another 14-year-old male came to our clinic with non-pruritic linear irregular shaped scaly erythematous plaques that have been persistent for 2 months on his trunk. Biopsy was also done, with the findings of interface dermatitis. The patient was treated with topical steroid and low dose systemic steroid. His symptoms improved more dramatically and both patients are under regular follow-up. The generally accepted histologic feature of blaschkitis is spongiotic dermatitis, but in accordance with few recent reports, the current cases show interface dermatitis as the histologic finding.
P165 Cytokine milieu in prurigo nodularis
( Howard Chu ),( Jungsoo Lee ),( Chang Ook Park ),( Kwang Hoon Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2016 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.68 No.2
<div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div> Background: Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic pruritic skin disorder with multiple hyperkeratotic nodules and histologically increased epidermal thickness. The pathogenesis of PN is unclear and because its treatment is often challenging, the exact mechanisms need to be elucidated. Objectives: To identify the histologic changes and the cytokines associated with epidermal thickening and chronic inflammation of PN Methods: 30 patients who were clinically and histologically diagnosed with PN were enrolled. Medical charts were reviewed to assess age, gender, laboratory results, past histories and atopic sensitization. Epidermal thicknesses were compared to normal tissues. Paraffin-embedded tissues of PN were obtained for immunohistochemical analysis to evaluate the involved cytokines. Results: Out of 30 patients, 6 had history of atopic dermatitis. Epidermal thickness and number of infiltrated inflammatory cells were significantly increased in the tissues of PN when compared to that of normal tissues. No remarkable changes were observed in dermal thicknesses. Upon immunohistochemical studies, stromal derived factor-1 α, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, interferon-gamma, IL-4, IL-13, IL-18, IL-31, and IL-33 were found to be increased. Conclusion: The key histologic change is epidermal acanthosis and various cytokines are increased in PN. Complex mechanisms may be involved in the process of acanthosis that may contribute to the pathogenesis of prurigo nodularis, in which further studies are needed.