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Interaction of Rare Earth Chloride Salts to Alumina and Mullite in LiCl-KCl at 773 K
Horvath, David,Warmann, Stephen,King, James,Marsden, Kenneth,Hoover, Robert Korean Radioactive Waste Society 2020 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.18 No.3
Two commonly used ceramics in molten salt research are alumina and mullite. The two ceramics were exposed to a combination of rare earth chlorides (YCl<sub>3</sub>, SmCl<sub>3</sub>, NdCl<sub>3</sub>, PrCl<sub>3</sub>, and CeCl<sub>3</sub>; each rare earth chloride of 1.8 weight percent) in LiCl-KCl at 773 K for approximately 13 days. Scanning electron microscopy with wave dispersion spectra was utilized to investigate a formation layer or deposition of rare earths onto the ceramic. Only the major constituents of the ceramics (Al, Si, and O<sub>2</sub>) were observed during the wave dispersion spectra. X-ray fluorescence was used as well to determine concentration changes in the molten salt as a function of ceramic exposure time. This study shows no evidence of ionic exchange or layer formation between the ceramics and molten chloride salt mixture. There are signs of surface tension effects of molten salt moving out of the tantalum crucible into secondary containment.
Speleotherapy in Hungary Today
Horvath, Tibor The Speleological Society 1998 Journal of the speleological society of korea Vol.7 No.2
It is written in the ancient Indian epic, the Ramayana, that Rama - deadly fatigued from the chase after the kidnappers of his wife, Sita, in the forests of the Vindhya Range - took refuge in a cave. Breathing in the balsamic cave air and gulping the crystal clear stream water, he and his companions regenerated very quickly and could soon resume their chase, successful in the end.(omitted)
Poly(azomethine) Rotaxanes: Novel Water Soluble Supramolecular Polymers with High Molar Mass
Horvath, Gabriela,Nepal, Dhriti,Geckeler, Kurt E. Hu@thig & Wepf 2007 Macromolecular Rapid Communications Vol.28 No.21
<P>A novel type of supramolecular poly(azomethine) was synthesized by the polycondensation of an inclusion complex of β-cyclodextrin/poly(oxypropylene)diamine with one of β-cyclodextrin/terephthaldehyde and a subsequent reaction with [60]fullerene as the end capping agent. Molar mass determination by gel permeation chromatography showed that the polymers had a high molar mass (about 150 kg · mol<SUP>−1</SUP>) with a very narrow polydispersity. Isothermal titration calorimetric studies confirmed that each poly-(oxypropylene)diamine unit could host seven cyclodextrin molecules, which was further supported by <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling studies. Additional characterization by <SUP>13</SUP>C NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy, as well as by thermogravimetric analysis, confirmed the structure of the cyclodextrin-based polyrotaxane.</P><P> <img src='wiley_img/10221336-2007-28-21-MARC200700308-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/10221336-2007-28-21-MARC200700308-gra001'> </P>
Transgenic Strategy to Improve Stress Resistance of Crop Plants
Horvath, Gabor V.,Oberschall, Attila,Deak, Maria,Sass, Laszlo,Vass, Imre,Barna, Balazs,Kiraly, Zoltan,Hideg, Eva,Feher, Attila The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 1999 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.1 No.1
Rapid accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their toxic reaction products with lipids and proteins significantly contributes to the damage of crop plants under biotic and abiotic stresses. We have identified several stress activated alfalfa genes, including the gene of the alfalfa ferritin and a novel NADPH-dependent aldose/aldehyde reductase enzyme. Transgenic tobacco plants that synthesize alfalfa ferritin in vegetative tissues-either in its processed form in chloroplast or in the cytoplasmic non-processed form-retained photosynthetic function upon free radical toxicity generated by paraquat treatment and exhibited tolerance to necrotic damage caused by viral and fungal infections. We propose that by sequestering intracellular iron involved in generation of the very reactive hydroxyl radicals through a Fenton reaction, ferritin protects plant cells from oxidative damage. Our preliminary results with the other stress-inducable alfalfa gene (a NADPH-dependent aldo-keto reductase) indicate, that the encoded enzyme may play role in the stress response of the plant cells. These studies reveal new pathways in plants that can contribute to the increased stress resistance with a potential use in crop improvement.
Experimental Observations for Anode Optimization of Oxide Reduction Equipment
David Horvath,James King,Robert Hoover,Steve Warmann,Ken Marsden,윤달성,Steven Herrmann 한국방사성폐기물학회 2022 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.20 No.4
The electrochemical behavior was investigated during the electrolysis of nickel oxide in LiCl-Li2O salt mixture at 650℃ by changing several components. The focus of this work is to improve anode design and shroud design to increase current densities. The tested components were ceramic anode shroud porosity, porosity size, anode geometry, anode material, and metallic porous anode shroud. The goal of these experiments was to optimize and improve the reduction process. The highest contributors to higher current densities were anode shroud porosity and anode geometry.