http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Photolysis of Br<sub>2</sub>in CCl<sub>4</sub>studied by time-resolved X-ray scattering
Kong, Qingyu,Lee, Jae Hyuk,Lo Russo, Manuela,Kim, Tae Kyu,Lorenc, Maciej,Cammarata, Marco,Bratos, Savo,Buslaps, Thomas,Honkimaki, Veijo,Ihee, Hyotcherl,Wulff, Michael International Union of Crystallography 2010 Acta crystallographica. Section A, Foundations of Vol.66 No.2
<P>A time-resolved X-ray solution scattering study of bromine molecules in CCl4is presented as an example of how to track atomic motions in a simple chemical reaction. The structures of the photoproducts are tracked during the recombination process, geminate and non-geminate, from 100 ps to 10 µs after dissociation. The relaxation of hot Br2<SUP>*</SUP>molecules heats the solvent. At early times, from 0.1 to 10 ns, an adiabatic temperature rise is observed, which leads to a pressure gradient that forces the sample to expand. The expansion starts after about 10 ns with the laser beam sizes used here. When thermal artefacts are removed by suitable scaling of the transient solvent response, the excited-state solute structures can be obtained with high fidelity. The analysis shows that 30% of Br2<SUP>*</SUP>molecules recombine directly along the<I>X</I>potential, 60% are trapped in the<I>A</I>/<I>A</I>′ state with a lifetime of 5.5 ns, and 10% recombine non-geminately<I>via</I>diffusive motion in about 25 ns. The Br-Br distance distribution in the<I>A</I>/<I>A</I>′ state peaks at 3.0 Å.</P>
Kim, W.J.,Palancher, H.,Ryu, H.J.,Park, J.M.,Nam, J.M.,Bonnin, A.,Honkimaki, V.,Charollais, F.,Lemoine, P. Elsevier Sequoia 2014 Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol.589 No.-
The coating of silicide or nitride layers on U-7wt%Mo or U-7wt%Mo-1wt%Ti particles has been proposed for the minimization of the interaction phase growth in U-Mo/Al dispersion fuel during irradiation. Out-of-pile annealing tests show reduced inter-diffusion by forming silicide or nitride protective layers on U-Mo and U-Mo-Ti particles. To characterize the constituent phases of the coated layers on U-Mo and U-Mo-Ti particles and the interaction phases of coated U-Mo and U-Mo-Ti particle dispersed Al matrix fuel, synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments have been performed. It was identified that silicide coating layers consisted mainly of U<SUB>3</SUB>Si<SUB>5</SUB> and U<SUB>4</SUB>Mo(Mo<SUB>x</SUB>Si<SUB>1-x</SUB>)Si<SUB>2</SUB>, and nitride coating layers were composed of mainly UN and U<SUB>4</SUB>N<SUB>7</SUB>. The interaction phases obtained after annealing of coated U-Mo and U-Mo-Ti particle dispersion samples were identical to those found in U-Mo/Al-Si and U-Mo/Al systems. Nitride-coated particles showed less interaction formation than silicide-coated particles after annealing at 580<SUP>o</SUP>C for 1h owing to the higher susceptibility to breakage of the silicide coating layers during hot extrusion.