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H. Obara,M. Katayama,A. Kawamura,J. Xu,N. Shimosato,S. Inoue 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5
DC power supplies for a battery testing are becoming significantly important for developments of electrical vehicles (EVs), mobile devices, and renewable energy generations. In the recent decade, modular multi-level converters (MMC) have been actively studied and started to use on some practical applications such as high- or mediumvoltage DC-AC or AC-DC power converters. However, the widely used MMC topology has a significant issue to extend to a DC-DC converter, because it cannot achieve capacitor voltage balancing of each cell unlike the case of the DC-AC and AC-DC conversions. Therefore, most of the MMC-based DC-DC converters are realized by combining the DC-AC converter, isolation transformer or inductor, and AC-DC converter. In this study, the DC-DC operation in the MMC and its problem are analyzed and clarified. This paper proposes a circuit topology and control method of the MMCbased DC-DC converter with cell voltage balancing and fast dynamic response while the DC-AC and AC-DC converters are not used. Simulation results verify the validity of the capacitor voltage balancing control. Finally, an experimental result in a prototype converter with 6-cells using SiCMOSFETs shows the performances of the voltage balancing control and fast dynamic response.
An Economic Growth Model with Education and Industriousness
Nobuhiro Hobara,Shiro Kuwahara 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2023 Journal of Economic Development Vol.48 No.1
This study investigates the relationships between long-run growth, education, and “industriousness” using an extended Uzawa-Lucas model with labor-leisure choice, where “industriousness” is captured by the propensity for labor-leisure choice. The extension describes shifts from economic stagnation to long-run economic growth through the structural change of “industriousness,” a growth path within the de Vries’ “industrious revolution.” A domain that generates multiple steady states exists in the middle range of the industriousness parameter, implying the existence of middle-income traps. Although the range is narrow, it can be broadened by, for example, higher population growth.
Transport at surface nanostructures measured by four-tip STM
A. S. ShalabiShuji Hasegawa,Ichiro Shiraki,Fuhito Tanabe,Rei Hobara 한국물리학회 2002 Current Applied Physics Vol.2 No.6
For in situ measurements of local electrical conductivity of well-dened crystal surfaces in ultrahigh vacuum, we have developedtwo kinds of microscopic four-point probe methods. One is a.four-tip STM prober., in which independently driven four tips ofscanning tunneling microscope (STM) are used for four-point probe conductivity measurements. The probe spacing can be changedfrom 500 nm to 1 mm. The other one is monolithic micro-four-point probes, fabricated on silicon chips, whose probe spacing is xedaround severall m. These probes were installed in scanning-electron-microscopy/electron-diraction chambers, in which the struc-tures of sample surfaces and probe positions were in situ observed. The probes can be positioned precisely on aimed areas on thehanced compared with macroscopic four-point probe method. Then the conduction through the topmost atomic layers (surface-stateconductivity) and inuence of atomic steps upon conductivity could be directly measured. The STM prober is mainly described here.. 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.