http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
중국 산시성(山西省)지역 관제묘건축의 지붕의장에 관한 연구
곽항걸(Guo, Heng Jie),이건하(Lee, Keon-ha),김영은(Kim, Young-eun) 대한건축학회 2014 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.30 No.12
Shanxi province was the hometown of GuanDi. The analysis of community features that found in the roof of common GuanDi Temple show as follows: 1. There are many differences in the roof design of Door, Theater Stage, Pray Hall, Main Hall, Spring and Autumn Palace between Shanxi province and Henan province. 2. The Ornament on roof ridge mostly use patterns of dragon head and dragon tail in Shanxi province. The Ridge brake use various patterns in Shanxi province. 3. Deity carving appears in the Dragon ridge and Vertical ridge. Animal carving appears in the Dragon ridge, Vertical ridge and Descending ridge in Shanxi province. 4. Decorations such as Dragon carving, Peony blossom carving, Flowering plant carving and Word carving are used in the surface of Dragon ridge. Decorations such as Dragon carving and Peony blossom carving are used in the surface of Vertical ridge. Decorations such as Peony blossom carving and Flowering plant carving are used in the surface of Descending ridge.
중국 관제묘건축의 편액과 주련에 관한 연구-공간적 의미와 특성을 중심으로-
곽항걸 ( Heng Jie Guo ),이건하 ( Keon Ha Lee ),김영은 ( Young Eun Kim ) 한서대학교 동양고전연구소 2014 東方學 Vol.31 No.-
관공신앙은 중국 민간에서 큰 영향력이 있는 민속 문화이고 오늘까지도 충실한 신자들이 있다. 관제묘건축에도 이러한 민속 문화들이 그대로 반영되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 관제묘건축을 전도공간(前導空間), 제례공간(祭禮空間), 후속공간(后續空間)으로 나누어 편액과 주련의 공간적 의미와 그 특성을 밝히고자 하였다. 그리하여 아래와 같은 결론을 도출하게 되었다. 관제묘건축의 각 공간 편액은 관우의 충성, 의리, 인자함, 용감, 기세 등을 찬양하는 내용이 대부분이고 존경을 표현하는 내용 및 장소성을 알리는 내용들로 구성되어 있다. 중국 관제묘건축 전도공간의 주련은 관우의 생전 이야기를 찬양하고, 관우의 성품을 찬양하는 내용이 대부분이다. 또한 주변의 경치와 결합하여 관우의 절개를 표현하고, 관우 신세를 한탄하는 내용도 나타났다. 그러나 제례공간에서는 전도공간 및 후속공간과 달리 주변 경치와 결합된 주련의 내용은 나타나지 않았다. 그리고 후속공간의 주련은 어제(御製) 편액의 내용에 부합시켜서 주련을 써 내려간 사실을 발견할 수 있다. The faith to Guangong is an influential folk culture among the people, and there are many worshipers so far. This kind of folk culture is also reflected in the Guandi Temple. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the characteristic of horizontal inscribed boards and phrases on the board of the pillar by dividing Guandi Temple into Conducting Space, Ritual Space and Subsequent Space. Thus, the following conclusion is deduced. The texts of the horizontal inscribed boards in each space are about praising Guanyu`s sincerity, loyalty, benignancy, bravery and spirit mostly, and there`s no big difference in expressing the respect to Guanyu or introducing the region. The phrases on the board of the pillar in Conducting Space of Guandi Temple in China is about praising the story of Guanyu`s life and his character mostly. It express Guanyu`s mettle by combining with surrounding scenery. And there`s also the story of lamenting Guanyu`s misfortune. However, the characteristic of Ritual Space is that there`s no phrases on the board of the pillar which combines with surrounding scenery, and that is the point which differs from Conducting Space and Subsequent Space. And the characteristic of Subsequent Space is that there are phrases on the board of the pillar written according to imperial horizontal inscribed boards sometimes.
Guo Mengpei,Ma Xiaolong,Zhou Yan,Bian Yinbing,Liu Gaolei,Cai Yingli,Huang Tianji,Dong Hongxia,Cai Dingjun,Wan Xueji,Wang Zhihong,Xiao Yang,Kang Heng 한국미생물학회 2023 The journal of microbiology Vol.61 No.1
The basidiomycetous edible mushroom Stropharia rugosoannulata has excellent nutrition, medicine, bioremediation, and biocontrol properties. S. rugosoannulata has been widely and easily cultivated using agricultural by-products showing strong lignocellulose degradation capacity. However, the unavailable high-quality genome information has hindered the research on gene function and molecular breeding of S. rugosoannulata. This study provided a high-quality genome assembly and annotation from S. rugosoannulata monokaryotic strain QGU27 based on combined Illumina-Nanopore data. The genome size was about 47.97 Mb and consisted of 20 scaffolds, with an N50 of 3.73 Mb and a GC content of 47.9%. The repetitive sequences accounted for 17.41% of the genome, mostly long terminal repeats (LTRs). A total of 15,726 coding gene sequences were putatively identified with the BUSCO score of 98.7%. There are 142 genes encoding plant cell wall degrading enzymes (PCWDEs) in the genome, and 52, 39, 30, 11, 8, and 2 genes related to lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, chitin, and cutin degradation, respectively. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that S. rugosoannulata is superior in utilizing aldehyde-containing lignins and is possible to utilize algae during the cultivation.
Guo, Zhong-Jian,An, Shi-Heng,Wang, Dun,Liu, Yan-He,Kumar, V. Shyam,Zhang, Chuan-Xi Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2005 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.38 No.3
Open reading frame 29 (ha29) is a gene specific for Helicoverpa armigera single-nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV). Sequence analyses showed that the transcription factor Tfb2 motif, bromodomain and Half-A-TPR (HAT) repeat were present at aa 66-82, 4-76, 55-90 of the Ha29 protein respectively. The product of Ha29 was detected in HearSNPV-infected HzAM1 cells at 3 h post-infection. Western blot analysis using a polyclonal antibody produced by immunizing a rabbit with purified GST-Ha29 fusion protein indicates that Ha29 is an early gene. The size of Ha29 product in infected HzAM1 cells was about 25 kDa, which was larger than the presumed size of 20.4 kDa. Tunicamycin treatment of HearSNPV-infected HzAM1 cells suggested that the Ha29 protein is N-glycosylated. Fluorescent confocal laser scanning microscope examination, and Western blot analysis of purified budded virus (BVs), occlusion-derived virus (ODVs), cell nuclear and cytoplasmic fraction, showed that the Ha29 protein was localized in the nucleus. Our results suggested that ha29 of HearSNPV encodes a non-structurally functional protein that may be associated with virus gene transcription in Helicoverpa hosts.
Guo, Yan,Wang, Gan,Gao, Wen-Wei,Cheng, Shi-Wen,Wang, Ren,Ju, Shi-Ming,Cao, He-Li,Tian, Heng-Li Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.6
We investigated whether IFN-${\beta}$ inhibits the growth of human malignant glioma and induces glioma cell apoptosis using the human IFN-${\beta}$ gene transfected into glioma cells. A eukaryonic expression vector ($pSV2IFN{\beta}$) for IFN-${\beta}$ was transfected into the glioma cell line SHG44 using liposome transfection. Stable transfection and IFN-${\beta}$ expression were confirmed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cell apoptosis was also assessed by Hoechst staining and electron microscopy. In vivo experiments were used to establish a SHG44 glioma model in nude mice. Liposomes containing the human IFN-${\beta}$ gene were injected into the SHG44 glioma of nude mice to observe glioma growth and calculate tumor size. Fas expression was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. The IFN-${\beta}$ gene was successfully transfected and expressed in the SHG44 glioma cells in vitro. A significant difference in the number of apoptotic cells was observed between transfected and non-transfected cells. Glioma growth in nude mice was inhibited in vivo, with significant induction of apoptosis. Fas expression was also elevated. The IFN-${\beta}$ gene induces apoptosis in glioma cells, possibly through upregulation of Fas. The IFN-${\beta}$ gene modulation in the Fas pathway and apoptosis in glioma cells may be important for the treatment of gliomas.
Luo, Guo-Xuan,Cai, Jun,Lin, Jing-Zhi,Luo, Wei-Shi,Luo, Heng-Shan,Jiang, Yu-Yang,Zhang, Yong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.12
Objective: To investigate the effects of gambogic acid (GA) on the growth of human malignant glioma cells. Methods: U251MG and U87MG human glioma cell lines were treated with GA and growth and proliferation were investigated by MTT and colony formation assays. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by annexin V FITC/PI flow cytometry, mitochondrial membrane potential assays and DAPI nuclear staining. Monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining and GFP-LC3 localisation were used to detect autophagy. Western blotting was used to investigate the molecular changes that occurred in the course of GA treatment. Results: GA treatment significantly suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation, induced apoptosis in U251 and U87MG glioblastoma cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. GA treatment also lead to the accumulation of monodansylcadaverine (MDC) in autophagic vacuoles, upregulated expressions of Atg5, Beclin 1 and LC3-II, and the increase of punctate fluorescent signals in glioblastoma cells pre-transfected with GFP-tagged LC3 plasmid. After the combination treatment of autophagy inhitors and GA, GA mediated growth inhibition and apoptotic cell death was further potentiated. Conclusion: Our results suggested that autophagic responses play roles as a self-protective mechanism in GA-treated glioblastoma cells, and autophagy inhibition could be a novel adjunctive strategy for enhancing chemotherapeutic effect of GA as an anti-malignant glioma agent.
Jing, Heng,Guo, Chongfeng,Zhang, Gongguo,Su, Xiangying,Yang, Zheng,Jeong, Jung Hyun The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.22 No.27
<P>Ce<SUP>3+</SUP>-doped Ba<SUB>2</SUB>Ln(BO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl (Ln = Gd, Y) phosphors were synthesized through a conventional high-temperature solid state method in CO atmosphere. Structural and spectroscopic characterizations of the samples have been performed by X-ray diffraction and photoluminescence spectra measurements. The phosphors can be efficiently excited by near ultraviolet (n-UV) light resulting in blue emission. The optimal Ce<SUP>3+</SUP> dopant concentrations in both compounds were determined, and the concentration quenching mechanisms were also discussed. The photoluminescence excitation (PLE) and emission (PL) spectra, and decay curves at liquid helium temperature were measured to analyze the crystallographic occupancy sites of Ce<SUP>3+</SUP> in the Ba<SUB>2</SUB>Ln(BO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl (Ln = Gd, Y) hosts. The thermal stabilities of the phosphors Ba<SUB>2</SUB>Ln(BO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl:Ce<SUP>3+</SUP> (Ln = Gd, Y) were studied using the dependence of the luminescence intensities on temperature (300–500 K), and their luminescence quenching temperatures and thermal activation energies were also determined. The results indicate that the phosphor Ba<SUB>2</SUB>Gd(BO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl:Ce<SUP>3+</SUP> offers excellent optical properties as a potential blue-emitting phosphor candidate for n-UV LEDs, such as a higher thermal stability and a stronger luminescence intensity, than those of the phosphor Ba<SUB>2</SUB>Y(BO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl:Ce<SUP>3+</SUP>.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Ce<SUP>3+</SUP>-doped Ba<SUB>2</SUB>Ln(BO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl (Ln = Gd, Y) phosphors were synthesized through a conventional high-temperature solid state method in CO atmosphere. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2jm32761a'> </P>