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Bae, Heekyung,Nam, Seong Sook,Park, Hyoung-Sook,Park, Kwangsik PHARMACEUTICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2005 Journal of Health Science Vol.51 No.3
<P>Metallothioneins (MTs) are inducible metal-binding proteins characterized by low molecular weight (6000-10000 Da) and play a major role in detoxification of heavy metals. They are known to be induced by heavy metals in various organs of different species and represent a potential biomarker of aquatic contamination with heavy metals. In this study, cloning and sequencing of a MT gene of the Korean freshwater fish, the crucian carp (<I>Carassius auratus</I>), were performed. Furthermore, the gene expression and cadmium accumulation in the gills of the crucian carp were compared during the cadmium exposure period of 25 days. The MT gene, lacking the 5′ promoter region, is 405 bp long and has a tripartite structure consisting of three exons and two introns. The open reading frame encodes a cysteine-rich (20 cysteines) polypeptide of 60 amino acids containing six Cys-X-Cys motifs, typically found in this protein family. It was found that the expression of MT mRNA of gills was very low in normal control fish but high mRNA expression was induced after 1-day exposure to cadmium. However, the mRNA levels decreased after 1 day even though the cumulative cadmium concentration increased during the remaining exposure period. These results suggest that MT expression does not always reflect the cadmium accumulation in the gills of the fish and may have limitations in its use as a biomarker to monitor cadmium contamination of aquatic environments.</P>
카드뮴 측적량과 붕어(Carassius auratus) 아가미 조직 변화의 상관성에 관한 연구
배희경(Heekyung Bae 외 6명),김은경,남성숙,문창규,전성환,나진균,박광식 환경독성보건학회 2002 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.17 No.1
Histopathological changes and cadmium accumulations in the gills were investigated in crucian carp(Carassius auratus) exposed to 0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5mg/l cadmium(Cd) concentrations for 25 days. After 25 days of exposure, cadmium accumulations increased in each of the different exposure concentrations.<br/> Histopathological changes in the gills of curcian carp exposed to cadmium included the acidification of mucous cell, the terminal clubbing of lamellae, the hyperplasia of epitherial cell and the curved of secondary lamellae. The similar histopathological changes were observed once the accumulations of cadmium reached the similar levels found in the present study with the different exposure schemes. Also the acidification of mucous cell in gills appeared when cadmium accumulations reached 51μg/g and more. These results suggested that histopathological changes in the gills, an appearance of mucous cell acidification, be used to estimate the relation between toxic effect and cadmium accumulations in the gills.
카드뮴 측적량과 붕어(Carassius auratus) 아가미 조직 변화의 상관성에 관한 연구
배희경,김은경,남성숙,문창규,전성환,나진균,박광식 한국환경독성학회 2002 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.17 No.1
Histopathological changes and cadmium accumulations in the gills were investigated in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) exposed to 0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5 mg/l cadmium (Cd)concentrations for 25 days. After 25 days of exposure, cadmium accumulations increased in each of the different exposure concentrations. Histopathological changes in the gills of curcian carp exposed to cadmium included the acidification of mucous cell, the terminal clubbing of lamellae, the hyperplasia of epitherial cell and the curved of secondary lamellae. The similar histopathological changes were observed once the accumulations of cadmium reached the similar levels found in the present study with the different exposure schemes. Also the acidification of mucous cell in gills appeared when cadmium accumulations reached 5 ㎍/g and more. These results suggested that histopathological changes in the gills, an appearance of mucous cell acidification, be used to estimate the relation between toxic effect and cadmium accumulations in the gills.
Monthly chlorophyll-a prediction using neuro-genetic algorithm for water quality management in Lakes
Lee, Gooyong,Bae, Jungeun,Lee, Sangeun,Jang, Min,Park, Heekyung Taylor Francis 2016 Desalination and Water Treatment Vol.57 No.55
<P>A genetic algorithm (GA) was combined with artificial neural networks (ANN), designated as neuro-genetic algorithm (NGA) in this study, to determine the effective number of nodes and optimal activated functions (FAs) in an ANN structure. Developed NGA was applied to predict Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations in one-month increments in Lakes used as drinking water sources. Correlation analysis was used to setup input parameters. A simulation was conducted for four study sites with the most serious Chl-a problems in South Korea. Results from correlation analysis have indicated that phosphate phosphorus (PO4-P) and electrical conductivity showed high correlation with Chl-a, a factor not often considered in other studies. As the results of prediction of one-month forward Chl-a concentration, NGA showed high accuracy, with averaged determination coefficients of 0.89 and 0.84 in training and testing period, respectively. Double hidden layers showed better performance than a single hidden layer, while a logistic sigmoid function was frequently selected by the genetic algorithm in hidden layers in comparison with linear and hyperbolic tangent function. Practical uses for NGA in proactive water quality management are also discussed in this study.</P>
The Unseen Threat: Microplastic Emissions from Face Masks and Limited Public Awareness
Park Yeonjung,Bae Heekyung,Park Ha-neul,Park Jeonggue,홍재환,Kim Younghun 한국화학공학회 2024 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.41 No.1
Masks are typically made of plastic materials, which can contribute to plastic pollution if not properly disposed. A survey should be conducted to assess the public awareness of microplastics (MP) emissions and mask disposal, which could inform targeted educational campaigns to promote sustainable practices. This study used an online survey to gather data from a sample of the general public aged 20 years or older who had used masks. The survey included questions on mask usage, disposal, and awareness of the presence of MP in masks. The survey found that, although awareness of the risks of MP was high, the respondents’ understanding of them was low, particularly among younger individuals. The survey also revealed that more than half of the respondents did not know whether their masks contained plastic materials and that there was a lack of awareness regarding the potential environmental and health impacts of improper mask disposal. These results revealed that it is crucial to raise public awareness of the environmental and health impacts of improper mask disposal and the presence of MP in masks.