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Robot-Assisted Free Flap in Head and Neck Reconstruction
Song, Han Gyeol,Yun, In Sik,Lee, Won Jai,Lew, Dae Hyun,Rah, Dong Kyun Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2013 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.40 No.4
Background Robots have allowed head and neck surgeons to extirpate oropharyngeal tumors safely without the need for lip-split incision or mandibulotomy. Using robots in oropharyngeal reconstruction is new but essential for oropharyngeal defects that result from robotic tumor excision. We report our experience with robotic free-flap reconstruction of head and neck defects to exemplify the necessity for robotic reconstruction. Methods We investigated head and neck cancer patients who underwent ablation surgery and free-flap reconstruction by robot. Between July 1, 2011 and March 31, 2012, 5 cases were performed and patient demographics, location of tumor, pathologic stage, reconstruction methods, flap size, recipient vessel, necessary pedicle length, and operation time were investigated. Results Among five free-flap reconstructions, four were radial forearm free flaps and one was an anterolateral thigh free-flap. Four flaps used the superior thyroid artery and one flap used a facial artery as the recipient vessel. The average pedicle length was 8.8 cm. Flap insetting and microanastomosis were achieved using a specially manufactured robotic instrument. The total operation time was 1,041.0 minutes (range, 814 to 1,132 minutes), and complications including flap necrosis, hematoma, and wound dehiscence did not occur. Conclusions This study demonstrates the clinically applicable use of robots in oropharyngeal reconstruction, especially using a free flap. A robot can assist the operator in insetting the flap at a deep portion of the oropharynx without the need to perform a traditional mandibulotomy. Robot-assisted reconstruction may substitute for existing surgical methods and is accepted as the most up-to-date method.
Jang, Han Gyeol,Yang, Beomjoo,Khil, Myung-Seob,Kim, Seong Yun,Kim, Jaewoo Elsevier 2019 Composites Applied science and manufacturing Vol.125 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In spite of active studies on multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-incorporated polymer, MWCNTs of different thickness and lengths have been employed. Here, the effects of MWCNT morphology, specifically its length, on the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of MWCNT/polymer composites were examined in comparison with theoretical modeling. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy and micro-computed tomography observations revealed that short MWCNTs were dispersed more uniformly than long MWCNTs in a polyamide 6 (PA6) polymer. Correlation of this result with the tensile performance revealed that at low MWCNT concentrations the long-MWCNT/PA6 composite showed superior tensile properties since the effect of length was dominant. However, at high MWCNT concentrations, the short-MWCNT/PA6 showed superior tensile properties to the long-MWCNT/PA6 due to the better dispersion of the former. The thermal conductivity gradually improved with increasing MWCNT concentration, showing larger improvement for the long-MWCNT/PA6, while the electrical conductivity reached percolation threshold at 1 wt% for both MWCNTs.</P>
Kim, Seong Yun,Jang, Han Gyeol,Yang, Cheol-Min,Yang, B.J. Elsevier 2018 Composites science and technology Vol.155 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The importance of the thermal conductivity of engineering plastics reinforced with nanofillers is increasing in various industries, and the need for a model with which to make reliable predictions continues. We propose a micromechanics-based multiscale model that considers multi-shaped nanofillers to predict the thermal conductivity of composites. The distribution of each phase is assumed to be probabilistically distributed, and the Kapitza resistance at the interface between the filler and matrix was calculated by means of a molecular dynamics simulation. A polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) composite system embedded with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was used in a specific simulation. Composites containing MWCNTs of different lengths were also fabricated to obtain appropriate experimental results for the verification of the proposed model. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning microscopy (FE-SEM) were carried out to confirm that the selected materials could suitably be compared. Finally, the proposed model was applied to the finite element method to examine the heat flux of the composites according to the constitutive properties, and their results were compared to the experimental results.</P>
Jung Kyung Hee,Kim Sang Eun,Go Han Gyeol,Lee Yun Ji,Park Min Seok,Ko Soyeon,Han Beom Seok,Yoon Young-Chan,Cho Ye Jin,Lee Pureunchowon,Lee Sang-Ho,Kim Kipyo,Hong Soon-Sun 한국응용약물학회 2023 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.31 No.6
According to recent evidence, ferroptosis is a major cell death mechanism in the pathogenesis of kidney injury and fibrosis. Despite the renoprotective effects of classical ferroptosis inhibitors, therapeutic approaches targeting kidney ferroptosis remain limited. In this study, we assessed the renoprotective effects of melatonin and zileuton as a novel therapeutic strategy against ferroptosis-mediated kidney injury and fibrosis. First, we identified RSL3-induced ferroptosis in renal tubular epithelial HK-2 and HKC-8 cells. Lipid peroxidation and cell death induced by RSL3 were synergistically mitigated by the combination of melatonin and zileuton. Combination treatment significantly downregulated the expression of ferroptosis-associated proteins, 4-HNE and HO-1, and upregulated the expression of GPX4. The expression levels of p-AKT and p-mTOR also increased, in addition to that of NRF2 in renal tubular epithelial cells. When melatonin (20 mg/kg) and zileuton (20 mg/kg) were administered to a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model, the combination significantly reduced tubular injury and fibrosis by decreasing the expression of profibrotic markers, such as α-SMA and fibronectin. More importantly, the combination ameliorated the increase in 4-HNE levels and decreased GPX4 expression in UUO mice. Overall, the combination of melatonin and zileuton was found to effectively ameliorate ferroptosis-related kidney injury by upregulating the AKT/mTOR/ NRF2 signaling pathway, suggesting a promising therapeutic strategy for protection against ferroptosis-mediated kidney injury and fibrosis.