Some Cultural and Linguistic Issues in the Standardisation of Tamazight in Algeria

Aitsislemi, Farid 대한언어학회 2001 언어학 Vol.9 No.1

Aitsiselmi Farid. 2001. So., cultural and linguistic issues in the standardization of Tam azight in Algeria. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal 9(1). 73-94. The aim of this article is to examine the sociolinguistic situation in Algeria with special reference to Tamazight, the indigenous language spoken in North Africa and to review the factors which led to the decision to use the Roman alphabet to transcribe Tamazight. Tamazight has yet to be recognised as national language by the Algerian constitution but a number of events in the recent history of the country have resulted in s official recognition of the language and the setting up of institutions in some of the promotion of Tamazight with a view to introducing it as a medium of education at least in the stem where it is used as a mother tongue. Tamazight being a spoken language its introduction the educational system requires process of standardization the first step of which is its codification and the selection of alphabet to transcribe it. The article e cultural and linguistic issues which have to be taken into consideration min the choice of a system to transcribe a language with no previous written tradition, and to explore the problems raised by its transcription once an alphabet has been chosen (The University of Bradford)

On a New Index for Research Assessment

Farid, Farid O. Korea Institute of Science and Technology Informat 2021 Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice Vol.9 No.3

We introduce a new research assessment measure, called the research excellence index. The measure, which we denote by RE-index, accurately assesses the research performance of a researcher. The methodology used in deriving the RE-index tackles many of the flaws of popular research performance indicators such as publication counts, citation counts, and the h and g indices. A dataset is introduced, which takes advantage of the wide coverage of Scopus and the Library of Congress, and, at the same time, deals with the Scopus database depth problem. For an academic publication x, a prestige-type and length scores are assigned, and if x is published in an academic periodical publication J, the stature of J is identified through a quartile score. The three scores are used to assign a value score to every academic publication, and cited academic publications are given citation scores that encompass both cases of including and excluding self-citations. The foregoing scores are used to derive another set of scores measuring the combined qualitative and quantitative aspects of the creative work, citations of creative work, informative work and citations of informative work of a researcher. The scores take into consideration co-authorship. From these scores, two versions of the RE-index for a researcher are derived, covering the cases of including and excluding self-citations. The new measure is calculated for two mathematicians.

Competition between H₂O and CO₂ for active sites during co-gasification of bituminous coal and pineapple sawdust in an atmosphere containing H₂O, CO₂, H₂, and CO

Massoudi Farid, Massoud,Hwang, Jungho Elsevier Ltd 2017 Fuel Vol.207 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The competition between the H<SUB>2</SUB>O and CO<SUB>2</SUB> for the active sites during gasification remains a controversial issue in the literature. In this study, the competition between the H<SUB>2</SUB>O and CO<SUB>2</SUB> for the active sites during gasification of coal, biomass, and a mixture of coal and biomass using the Langmuir–Hinshelwood (L–H) kinetic parameters obtained in our previous two papers (Massoudi Farid et al., 2016, 2017) was investigated. It was found that the char–H<SUB>2</SUB>O and char–CO<SUB>2</SUB> reactions occurred on separate active sites for all samples. For a constant CO<SUB>2</SUB> concentration, increasing the H<SUB>2</SUB>O concentration caused an increase in the kinetic coefficient. The extent to which the kinetic coefficient increased became less pronounced as the amount of biomass in the co-gasified mixture increased. For a constant H<SUB>2</SUB>O concentration, increasing the CO<SUB>2</SUB> concentration also increased the kinetic coefficient; however, the extent to which the kinetic coefficient increased was greater when the amount of biomass was higher. Additional experiments were conducted to study the effect of the co-existence of H<SUB>2</SUB> and CO on the competition between the char–H<SUB>2</SUB>O and char–CO<SUB>2</SUB> reactions for the active sites. It was found that the char–H<SUB>2</SUB>O and char–CO<SUB>2</SUB> reactions also occurred on separate active sites, even in the presence of both H<SUB>2</SUB> and CO.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Coal–biomass blended char was gasified in a mixture of CO<SUB>2</SUB>, H<SUB>2</SUB>O, H<SUB>2</SUB>, and CO. </LI> <LI> Char–H<SUB>2</SUB>O and char–CO<SUB>2</SUB> reactions occurred on separate active sites. </LI> <LI> H<SUB>2</SUB> and CO had no effect on participation of active sites in the gasification. </LI> </UL> </P>

Effect of timing of morphine administration during propofol - remifentanil anesthesia on the requirements of post-operative analgesia

Farid Zand,Afshin Amini,Seyed Alireza Hamidi 대한마취통증의학회 2012 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.63 No.3

Background: An important concern of intra-operative infusion of remifentanil is the possible development of acute opioid tolerance, which manifests as an increased postoperative analgesia requirement. We have examined the effect of the timing of intra operative morphine administration on the need for morphine consumption for pain control during the first 24 hours after operation. Methods: Sixty adult patients scheduled for elective open unilateral nephrolithotomy surgery were recruited for this prospective randomized double-blind study. Anesthesia was induced with 0.03 mg/kg midazolam, 1 μg/kg remifentanil, and 1.5-2 mg/kg propofol. Anesthesia was maintained with 100 μg/kg/min propofol, and 0.25 μg/kg/min remifentanil. Both groups received 0.1 mg/kg morphine intravenously at 2 different times; in the first group (group E) immediately after intubation and in the second group (group L) 20-30 min before the anticipated end of operation. Results: There was no difference in pain scores at awakening, the amount of morphine given to the 2 groups for pain control, or the time to discharge from PACU between the 2 groups. The pain scores at admission to ward and at every 4 hours thereafter, until 24 hours, were not significantly different between the 2 groups. The cumulative amount of the first 24 hours morphine consumption in the ward in E group was 28.2 ± 20.1 mg and 26.5 ± 15 mg in L group, respectively (P = 0.71). Conclusions: Early intra-operative administration of morphine compared to that of morphine in the end of surgery did not affect postoperative morphine consumption and pain scores during the first 24 hours after surgery for open nephrolithotomy. Newer pharmacologic interventions for prevention of acute tolerance of opioids seems rational (Clinical trial registration No. ACTRN: 12609000570280). Background: An important concern of intra-operative infusion of remifentanil is the possible development of acute opioid tolerance, which manifests as an increased postoperative analgesia requirement. We have examined the effect of the timing of intra operative morphine administration on the need for morphine consumption for pain control during the first 24 hours after operation. Methods: Sixty adult patients scheduled for elective open unilateral nephrolithotomy surgery were recruited for this prospective randomized double-blind study. Anesthesia was induced with 0.03 mg/kg midazolam, 1 μg/kg remifentanil, and 1.5-2 mg/kg propofol. Anesthesia was maintained with 100 μg/kg/min propofol, and 0.25 μg/kg/min remifentanil. Both groups received 0.1 mg/kg morphine intravenously at 2 different times; in the first group (group E) immediately after intubation and in the second group (group L) 20-30 min before the anticipated end of operation. Results: There was no difference in pain scores at awakening, the amount of morphine given to the 2 groups for pain control, or the time to discharge from PACU between the 2 groups. The pain scores at admission to ward and at every 4 hours thereafter, until 24 hours, were not significantly different between the 2 groups. The cumulative amount of the first 24 hours morphine consumption in the ward in E group was 28.2 ± 20.1 mg and 26.5 ± 15 mg in L group, respectively (P = 0.71). Conclusions: Early intra-operative administration of morphine compared to that of morphine in the end of surgery did not affect postoperative morphine consumption and pain scores during the first 24 hours after surgery for open nephrolithotomy. Newer pharmacologic interventions for prevention of acute tolerance of opioids seems rational (Clinical trial registration No. ACTRN: 12609000570280).

A NEW MAPPING FOR FINDING A COMMON SOLUTION OF SPLIT GENERALIZED EQUILIBRIUM PROBLEM, VARIATIONAL INEQUALITY PROBLEM AND FIXED POINT PROBLEM

Farid, Mohammad,Kazmi, Kaleem Raza The Kangwon-Kyungki Mathematical Society 2019 한국수학논문집 Vol.27 No.2

In this paper, we introduce and study a general iterative algorithm to approximate a common solution of split generalized equilibrium problem, variational inequality problem and fixed point problem for a finite family of nonexpansive mappings in real Hilbert spaces. Further, we prove a strong convergence theorem for the sequences generated by the proposed iterative scheme. Finally, we derive some consequences from our main result. The results presented in this paper extended and unify many of the previously known results in this area.

Experimental investigation of shear stress effect on the flexural behavior of aluminum foam beam

Farid Triawan,Rihito Nakagawa,Kazuaki Inaba,Bentang Arief Budiman,Kikuo Kishimoto 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.5

We conducted an experimental investigation on the flexural behavior of closedcellaluminum foam beam under shear stress effect. Three-point bending and flexural vibrationtests were carried out and the shear stress effect was generated by changing the specimen’slength. From the bending test, the measured deflection was used to quantify the flexuralmodulus. From the vibration test, the measured natural frequencies of flexural vibration modewere used to calculate the flexural modulus. The results show that the flexural moduli obtainedfrom both tests agree well. Then, the flexural modulus value was compared with the theoreticalvalue estimated by Timoshenko’s beam theory. As a result, the experimental value was foundto be much smaller than the theoretical value when shear stress effect is dominant. Does thismean Timoshenko’s theory cannot describe the flexural behavior of aluminum foam beam?How to fit Timoshenko’s theory with the experimental data is discussed. Moreover, the reasonwhy the flexural modulus was remarkably degraded under shear effect is elaborated.

Impact of climate change on flood frequency using SWAT model in Helmand River Basin, Afghanistan

( Farid Ahmad Azizi ),( Won-ho Nam ) 한국농공학회 2020 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2020 No.-

Climate change is expected to increase both the magnitude and frequency of extreme precipitation events, which may lead to more intense and frequent river flooding. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the atmosphere is about 0.75 degrees warmer than it was at the beginning of the century. This increased moisture in atmosphere can in turn cause intense and repeated rainstorms which leads to flooding. It is of paramount importance that global climate change has varied degree of impact in different regions of the world. The Helmand River Basin is a closed river basin in arid southern Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan. Upper Helmand basin having an arid climate with cold winter and hot summer is significantly vulnerable to the effects climate change. Various studies suggest that the region has witnessed considerable changes in temperature and precipitation since the 1950s. This study focuses on the flood frequency and magnitude in Upper Helmand river basin which is a subbasin of the much larger Helmand basin. Daily discharge of the Helmand river is simulated with the help of Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. Based on the simulated daily discharge achieved from SWAT, the flood frequency and magnitude for the historic period (1982-2019) is determined. In addition, Three Global Climate Models (GCMs) are used to project future climatic parameters for the study. The downscaled GCMs are then incorporated in SWAT model to achieve the projected future water flow for two future (2020-2050) and (2050-2100) periods. The simulated stream flow for various GCMs and periods are analyzed and compared with contemporary period. The output of this study can be helpful in determine the suitability of various hydraulic structures and infrastructures along the Helmand river in future.

Preparation and Ranking Maintenance Strategy to Achieve of Physical Asset Management under Uncertainty by Numerical Decision-Making Methodology

Farid Najari 대한산업공학회 2023 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.22 No.4

The Impact of Skills Development on Employee Performance

Farid, Khemissi,Taher, Jouili International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2021 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.21 No.11

The aim of this paper is to examine the importance of skills development in the process of employee performance. As part of this research, we will seek to determine the nature and extent of skills development impact in improving employee performance. This research project is one of the new themes that some researchers have started in recent years. The novelty of this theme is the inclusion of the skill development factor. This factor is likely to have a positive impact on employee motivation and performance. Some of the factors already known to have an impact on employee performance, such as motivation, career development, training, and experience, will be adopted. It is assumed that the results of this research will have a positive impact on employee performance and employee retention.

REMITTANCES, DUTCH DISEASE, AND COMPETITIVENESS: A BAYESIAN ANALYSIS

FARID MAKHLOUF,MAZHAR MUGHAL 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2013 Journal of Economic Development Vol.38 No.2

The paper studies symptoms of Dutch disease in the Pakistani economy arising from international remittances. An IV Bayesian analysis is carried out to take care of the endogeneity and uncertainty due to the managed float of Pakistani Rupee. We find evidence for both spending and resource movement effects in both the short and the long-run. These impacts are stronger and different from those the Official Development Assistance and the FDI exert. We find that while aggregate remittances and the remittances from Persian Gulf contribute to the Dutch disease in Pakistan, those from North America and Europe do not.