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Dissolution behavior of SrO into molten LiCl for heat reduction in used nuclear fuel
Kang, Dokyu,Amphlett, James T.M.,Choi, Eun-Young,Bae, Sang-Eun,Choi, Sungyeol Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.5
This study reports on the dissolution behavior of SrO in LiCl at varying SrO concentrations from low concentrations to excess. The amount of SrO dissolved in the molten salt and the species present upon cooling were determined. The thermal behavior of LiCl containing various concentrations of SrO was investigated. The experimental results were compared with results from the simulated results using the HSC Chemistry software package. Although the reaction of SrO with LiCl in the standard state at 650 ℃ has a slightly positive Gibbs free energy, SrO was found to be highly soluble in LiCl. Experimentally determined SrO concentrations were found to be considerably higher than those present in used nuclear fuel (<2 g/kg). As Sr-90 is one of the most important heat-generating nuclides in used nuclear fuel, this finding will be impactful in the development of fast, simple, and proliferation-resistant heat reduction processes for used nuclear fuel without the need for separating nuclear materials. Heat reduction is important as it decreases both the volume necessary for final disposal and the worker handling risk.
Kang, Dokyu,Park, Jaeyeong,Choi, Sungyeol The Electrochemical Society 2018 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.165 No.16
<P>The accurate prediction of a hydrodynamic electrochemical system with radioactive materials can reduce the economic costs and radiological risk of repeated experiments. Such a prediction requires the computationally rich coupling of hydrodynamic phenomena and electrochemical reactions at a multi-dimensional domain, especially for multiple species in heterogeneous phases. This study develops a finite element method model to simulate the transport phenomena and electrochemical reactions of U, Pu, and Nd simultaneously in a molten salt metallurgical electrorefining system. The results are validated against lab-scale experimental data conducted in high temperature LiCl-KCl molten salt. The experiment conducted in the Argonne National Laboratory has a unique electrochemical cell with a combination of liquid metal and rotating solid cylinder electrodes. The model successfully simulates the time-dependent multi-species behaviors of the system such as dissolution rates from the liquid metal anode and deposit composition on the rotating cylinder electrode. In particular, it successfully predicts the transition time of depositing element at the cathode from U to Pu, which is very important information for product quality and process monitoring. In addition, it can catch the change of thermodynamic behaviors of Pu by forming intermetallic compounds with liquid Cd metal.</P>
기술지향성의 의미와 기술지향성이 성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
강도규(Kang Dokyu),박성용(Park Seong Yong) 한국상품학회 2007 商品學硏究 Vol.25 No.4
마케팅 분야에서 시장지향성이 성과에 미치는 직접적 영향에 대한 많은 연구가 이루어 졌다. 그러나 이러한 접근법은 실증적으로는 중요할지 모르지만, 이론적인 근거를 제공하지 못함으로써 전략적 문제를 야기 시킬 수 있다. 시장지향성과 성과간의 관계가 존재하는 이론적 연결고리를 이해하는 것은 기업의 전략상으로도 아주 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위해서 많은 연구들이 시장지향성과 성과간의 관계를 이론적으로 이해하기 위해서 매개변수로서 혁신, 이미지, 기업가정신을 사용하였고, 또한 성과를 객관적 성과와 주관적 성과로 구분함으로써 시장지향성이 매개변수를 통해 주관적 성과, 주관적 성과가 객관적 성과에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다.<BR> 이러한 이론적인 발전에도 불구하고, 기존의 마케팅에서의 연구들은 시장지향성에 집중함으로써 벤처나 전략경영에서 강조하는 기술적인 측면을 간과하였다. 성공하는 기업들의 공통적인 특성들은 고객지향과 기술을 통한 혁신이 동시에 존재한다는 사실이다. 고객지향적인 기업을 만들기 위한 조직문화도 중요하지만, 실제적으로 기술을 채택, 개발 하는 정도에 따른 기술지향성의 개념이 필요하다. 즉 기술적인 측면에서의 노력을 간과함으로써 시장지향성의 효과를 과대 계상하였을 가능성이 높다. 이 논문에서는 기술지향성의 의미와 기술지향성의 차원을 기존연구를 통해서 알아보고, 시장지향성과 성과와의 관련성에 있어서 기술지향성을 어떻게 통합하여야 하는지를 알아보았다. 특히 혁신을 위한 노력과 결과의 차이점으로 기술지향성과 기술적 성과를 구분함으로써 시장지향성의 역할과 기술지향성의 역할을 차별화하였다. 실증적 결과는 시장지향성의 성과에의 영향을 조사할 때 기술지향성을 포함하고, 기술적인 성과와 고객재무적 성과를 구분하는 것이 필요함을 보여주었다. 시장지향성의 성과에의 영향을 정확히 평가하기 위해서는 기술지향성의 역할을 동시에 고려하여야 하는 것이 중요하다. In marketing, several research studies have been conducted on the impacts of market orientation on performance. Most of early studies focused on the direct impact of market orientation without theoretical underpinnings. In order to overcome this problem, many research studies utilized the mediating constructs such as image, innovation, organizational capabilities between market orientation and performance. The other approach is to divide performance into objective and subjective performance. However, those studies also overlooked the importance of technology or technology orientation. The fact is that most of successful firms have both customer orientation and innovation characteristics. In venture or strategic management field, the emphasis on the entrepreneurship or technology itself has been made in addition to market orientation. Although it is important for firms to have customer-oriented culture, the concept of technology orientation that represents the degree of technology adoption and development is needed for long-term success.<BR> In this study, we investigated the meanings and dimensions of technology orientation by reviewing previous research studies on market orientation, entrepreneurship, innovation with respect to performances. Furthermore, we incorporated technology orientation into the market orientation and performance framework and developed six hypothesis. Empirical analysis using structural equation modeling shows that it is necessary to include technology orientation and to divide performance into customer-financial performance and technology performance.
Reference Electrode at Molten Salt: A Comparative Analysis of Electroceramic Membranes
Yoon, Seokjoo,Kang, Dokyu,Sohn, Sungjune,Park, Jaeyeong,Lee, Minho,Choi, Sungyeol Korean Radioactive Waste Society 2020 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.18 No.2
A reference electrode is important for controlling electrochemical reactions. Evaluating properties such as the reduction potential of the elements is necessary to optimize the electrochemical processes in pyroprocessing, especially in a multicomponent environment. In molten chloride systems, which are widely used in pyroprocessing, a reference electrode is made by enclosing the silver wire and molten salt solution containing silver chloride into the membranes. However, owing to the high temperature of the molten salt, the choice of the membrane for the reference electrode is limited. In this study, three types of electroceramic, mullite, Pyrex, and quartz, were compared as reference electrode membranes. They are widely used in molten salt electrochemical processes. The potential measurements between the two reference electrode systems showed that the mullite membrane has potential deviations of approximately 50 mV or less at temperatures higher than 650℃, Pyrex at temperatures lower than 500℃, and quartz at temperatures higher than 800℃. Cyclic voltammograms with different membranes showed a significant potential shift when different membranes were utilized. This research demonstrated the uncertainties of potential measurement by a single membrane and the potential shift that occurs because of the use of different membranes.