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Whelan, M.,Kinsella, B.,Furey, A.,Moloney, M.,Cantwell, H.,Lehotay, S.J.,Danaher, M. Elsevier 2010 Journal of chromatography Vol.1217 No.27
A new UHPLC-MS/MS (ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry) method was developed and validated to detect 38 anthelmintic drug residues, consisting of benzimidazoles, avermectins and flukicides. A modified QuEChERS-type extraction method was developed with an added concentration step to detect most of the analytes at <1μgkg<SUP>-1</SUP> levels in milk. Anthelmintic residues were extracted into acetonitrile using magnesium sulphate and sodium chloride to induce liquid-liquid partitioning followed by dispersive solid phase extraction for cleanup. The extract was concentrated into dimethyl sulphoxide, which was used as a keeper to ensure analytes remain in solution. Using rapid polarity switching in electrospray ionisation, a single injection was capable of detecting both positively and negatively charged ions in a 13min run time. The method was validated at two levels: the unapproved use level and at the maximum residue level (MRL) according to Commission Decision (CD) 2002/657/EC criteria. The decision limit (CCα) of the method was in the range of 0.14-1.9 and 11-123μgkg<SUP>-1</SUP> for drugs validated at unapproved and MRL levels, respectively. The performance of the method was successfully verified for benzimidazoles and levamisole by participating in a proficiency study.
Danah Harbour,Ella Henson,Chelsea Boers,Darcy Truman,Chandima Fernando,Patrick J. Guay,Michael A. Weston 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.1
Escape behaviour is a critical component of invertebrate life history but is poorly studied. Flight initiation distance (FID) indexes escape propensity, and is wellstudied in vertebrates but is entirely unstudied in Lepidopterans, despite their obvious escape behaviour. Here we test two general principles regarding FID as derived from studies of vertebrates to examine if they apply to Sri Lankan butterflies: 1) that FID is a species-specific trait and 2) that FID increases with Starting Distance, the distance at which the experimenter begins an approach. We collected 295 FIDs from 17 species and find that 1) FIDs are a tractable way of indexing butterfly escape and 2) both the general principles tested apply to butterfly escape. We also present FIDs of these species to encourage further data collection and comparative analysis of butterfly escape.
Security Risk Assessment in Conducting Online Exam
Danah AlDossary,Danah AlQuaamiz,Fai AlSadlan,Dana AlSharari,Lujain AlOthman,Raghad AlThukair,Ezaz Aldahasi International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2023 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.23 No.6
This research is conducted to minimize the potential security risks of conducting online exams to an acceptable level as vulnerabilities and threats to this type of exam are presented. This paper provides a general structure for the risk management process and some recommendations for increasing the level of security.
Saima Nazish,Rizwana Shahid,Azra Zafar,Foziah Alshamrani,Abdullah Al Sulaiman,Majed Alabdali,Danah Aljaafari,Esraa Al Wabar,Fahd A Alkhamis 대한신경과학회 2018 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.14 No.3
Background and Purpose The objective of this study was to determine the frequencies of different clinical presentations and the phenotypic spectrum of multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods This cross-sectional study was performed in the Neurology Department of King Fahd Hospital of University Alkhobar in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Data of 190 MS patients who fulfilled the McDonald criteria were retrieved from medical records and analyzed. Results The age at disease onset was 26.27±8.2 years (mean±SD) and disease duration was 6.38±5.10 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1.6. Optic neuritis and myelitis were the most-frequent first clinical presentations. Sensory (73.1%), motor (61%), and visual (58.4%) symptoms were the most-frequent established clinical symptoms. Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) was present in 75% of the cases. Supratentorial T2-weighted white-matter lesions and deep-gray-matter or juxtacortical lesions were the most-frequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions, comprising 28% and 23.7% of all MRI lesions observed in 93.6% and 79.4% of the cases, respectively. The scores on the Expanded Disability Status Scale were within the range of 1.0–5.5 in 82.1% of the patients. There were 145 (76.3%) patients taking interferon β therapy. Conclusions MS presenting in the hospital setting is more common in KSA than reported previously, and the number of diagnosed cases in increasing. It is therefore an emerging and disabling neurological illness in KSA with clinical characteristics not dissimilar to those in other middle eastern countries. A decrease in the frequency of patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) indicates either that more new cases of RRMS are being diagnosed or that adequate treatments of RRMS are preventing the evolution to SPMS. Further larger and populationwide epidemiological and clinical studies with the long-term follow-up of MS patients are required to better assess the clinical spectrum of MS in KSA.