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Phan, T. L.,Thanh, P. Q.,Chau, N.,Huu, C. X.,Ngo, D.-T,Ho, T. A.,Thanh, T. D.,Yu, S. C. IEEE 2014 IEEE transactions on magnetics Vol.50 No.11
<P>Though many previous works focused on studying Cr-doped Fe-Si-Nb-B-Cu amorphous alloys, magnetic-interaction mechanisms in these materials have not been carefully investigated yet. Dealing with these issues, we have prepared the amorphous alloy ribbons Fe<SUB>78-x</SUB>Cr<SUB>x</SUB>Si<SUB>4</SUB>Nb<SUB>5</SUB>B<SUB>12</SUB>Cu<SUB>1</SUB> with x= 1, 3, and 6, and then studied their magnetic and critical properties. Magnetization versus temperature and magnetic-field measurements, MHT, performed on a vibrating sample magnetometer reveal that the Cr-content increase in Fe<SUB>78-x</SUB>Cr<SUB>x</SUB>Si<SUB>4</SUB>Nb<SUB>5</SUB>B<SUB>12</SUB>Cu<SUB>1</SUB> reduces the T<SUB>C</SUB> from 430 K for x= 1 to about 322 K (for x= 6). This indicates the decline of ferromagnetic (FM) exchange interactions between Fe atoms when there is the presence of Cr atoms. We have also analyzed the M(H) data at the temperatures in the vicinity of the T<SUB>C</SUB> using the modified Arrott plot method and the scaling hypothesis, and determined the values of the critical exponents β = 0.367-0.376 and γ = 1.315-1.338. These values are close to those expected for the 3-D Heisenberg model with β = 0.365 and γ = 1.336, proving the existence of short-range FM order in the amorphous alloy ribbons.</P>
Hoang, M.H.,Nguyen, D.N.,Ngo, T.T.,Um, H.A.,Cho, M.J.,Choi, D.H. IPC Science and Technology Press 2016 Polymer Vol.83 No.-
Two D-A alternating π-conjugated copolymers bearing diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) and sextetthiophene with different molecular weights were synthesized to investigate their physical properties and performance in thin-film transistors and photovoltaic cells. The solubility and molecular weight (MW) of these copolymers with a highly rigid backbone were improved by controlling the feeding ratio of the monomer in the polymerization mixture. These polymers exhibited high crystallinity with a predominant edge-on chain orientation on the substrate. The higher-MW P(DPP-6T)-2 copolymer displayed a higher hole mobility of 3.26 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>-1</SUP> s<SUP>-1</SUP> than the low-MW P(DPP-6T)-1 copolymer. Bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells made of a blend of P(DPP-6T)-2 and (6,6)-phenyl C<SUB>71</SUB>-butyric acid methyl ester displayed good device performance with a power conversion efficiency of 4.68%.
Ngo, S.I.,Nguyen, T.D.B.,Lim, Y.I.,Song, B.H.,Lee, U.D.,Choi, Y.T.,Song, J.H. Applied Science Publishers 2011 APPLIED ENERGY Vol.88 No.12
The effects of gasification temperature (T<SUB>G</SUB>) and steam to fuel ratio (γ) on product gas composition and yield were experimentally investigated for steam gasification of pine woodchips in a bench-scale circulating fluidized-bed (CFB) gasifier with external heat supplier. To evaluate process performance in a dual circulating fluidized-bed (DFB) with heat carrier (silica sand), a quasi-equilibrium three-stage gasification (qETG) model was developed and validated with experimental data of biomass steam gasification. The model was divided into three stages including biomass pyrolysis, char-gas reactions, and gas-phase reactions. Carbonic and methane formation ratios were considered at the pyrolysis stage under the assumption of spontaneous decomposition. At the second and third stages, char-gas and gas-phase equilibrium reactions were corrected by two empirical equations concerning the steam participation ratio and the non-equilibrium factor, respectively. Using the qETG model, parametric study on T<SUB>G</SUB> and γ was performed to predict final gas composition, carbon conversion, char residue, gas yield, lower heating value, additional fuel ratio, solid circulation ratio, heat recovery and H<SUB>2</SUB> to CO molar ratio. Focusing on the solid circulation ratio and H<SUB>2</SUB>/CO molar ratio, several effective operating conditions were suggested from the contour of performance criteria.
Ngo, T. S.,Le, D. D.,Tran, D. K.,Song, J. H.,Hong, S. K. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Journal of electronic materials Vol.46 No.6
<P>Plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PAMBE) was used to grow Ga2O3 films on oxidized GaN layers on nitrided sapphire substrates. The GaN layer was grown by PAMBE, and the in situ oxidation of the GaN layer was achieved through exposure to oxygen plasma, which resulted in the formation of monoclinic beta-Ga2O3. Crystalline monoclinic beta-Ga2O3 films were grown on the GaN layers, with and without oxidation. The orientation relationships were [] Al2O3//[] AlN//[] GaN//[102] beta-Ga2O3 and [] Al2O3//[] AlN//[] GaN//[010] beta-Ga2O3. The grown beta-Ga2O3 films were not single-crystalline but showed rotational domains along the growth direction with three variations, which resulted in six-fold rotational symmetry instead of two-fold rotational symmetry. The surface roughness of the grown beta-Ga2O3 film was closely reflected to that of as-grown GaN and oxidized GaN. By analyzing the x-ray omega rocking curves for the on-axis () and off-axis (002) reflections, it was concluded that rotational domains dominantly affected the crystal quality of the beta-Ga2O3 films.</P>
Determination of the sample number for optical reflectance measurement of vegetable leaf
Ngo, V.D.,Chung, S.O.,Park, S.U.,Kim, S.J.,Park, J.T.,Kim, Y.J. Elsevier 2015 Computers and electronics in agriculture Vol.112 No.-
Visible and near-infrared spectroscopy provides a variety of information regarding leafy vegetables. However, various factors including optical propagation, environmental issues, and experimental issues affect the quality of spectral measurements. Therefore, stability and performance of optical reflectance sensors are affected significantly by sampling scheme. This study investigated the effects of the number of sampling on optical reflectance measurement of Chinese cabbage and kale plant leaves. For that purpose, variability and similarity of multiple measurements for different number of sampling of the leaves were evaluated. A combination of a median filter and the 2nd Savitzky-Golay (S. Golay) method was used to reduce the noise on the reflectance spectra introduced by background effects and other uncertainties. Reflectance difference and cross correlation were used as criteria to evaluate stability (or similarity) of the measurements. Results indicated that the standard deviation of reflectance difference was not considerably different for cabbage and kale leaves with 12 and 9 sampling points, respectively. For similarity of multiple measurements, results of cross correlation showed that the standard deviation of cross correlation was not greater than 5% with 12 and 9 sampling points for cabbage and kale leaves, respectively. Thus, this study concluded that 12 sampling points (cabbage) and 9 sampling points (kale) on a single leaf were the optimal number for spectral reflectance measurement. This study may provide guidelines on the number of sampling for optimum reflectance measurement of leafy vegetables.