Effect of Ginsenoside Compound K about Red Blood Cell Life Span Extension

Yuseong Chung,Jin Young Lee,Jaegi Kang,Jaeseon Kang 한국식품영양과학회 2018 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2018 No.10

Standardization of Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC. steam processing and evaluation of its chemical, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties

Chung Yuseong,Rahmat Endang,Nam Hyeon Hwa,Lee Ayeong,Park Jun Hong,Moon Byeong Cheol,Kang Youngmin 한국응용생명화학회 2023 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.66 No.-

Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC., belonging to the family Scrophulariaceae, is an important medicinal herb cultivated in East Asia. Traditionally, R. glutinosa is steam processed to increase its efficacy in treating various ailments such as diabetes, hematinic deficiencies and adrenal disorder. However, standardization of processed R. glutinosa is highly needed to increase its quality to fulfill global market demand that is safe and possess high level of efficacy. Therefore, this study aimed to optimize the R. glutinosa steam processing methods by evaluating some key parameters such as steaming temperature, number of steaming times, steaming duration, and additive supplementation. R. glutinosa samples were steam processed at different temperatures (100 °C, 110 °C, and 120 °C), various steaming times (1 to 5 times), several steaming duration (1 to 4 h), and additives supplementation (rice wine, 5% EtOH, 10% EtOH, 20% EtOH, 30% EtOH, and 40% EtOH). As the result, 2 h, 3 replications, and supplementation with 20% EtOH at 120 °C were identified as the optimal conditions for R. glutinosa steam processing. Optimized processed R. glutinosa (SPRR 20%EtOH) resulted in significantly higher content of 5-HMF (7648.60 ± 150.08 µg/g) and iso-verbacoside (203.80 ± 10.72 µg/g) compared with unprocessed R. glutinosa (UPR). Compared to those of other samples, SPRR 20% EtOH samples had higher total flavonoid (55.36 ± 1.68 mg/g) and phenolic (69.24 ± 4.56 mg/g) contents and stronger DPPH antioxidant activity (56%). Furthermore, SPRR 20% EtOH had excellent anti-inflammatory activity, as evidenced by the suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) caused by activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) through p-p65 pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. These findings will provide a basis towards industrialization of R. glutinosa processing technology that will be very helpful for oriental medication field.

The effects of Angelica Gigas Nakai extract on the myelosuppressive mice

Seojin Park,Mincheol Kang,Yuseong Chung,Junhong Park 한국실험동물학회 2022 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.7

Bacillus Subtilis KJ-3를 이용한 생물전환물 및 그 혼합물의 생리활성

이진영(Jin Young Lee),동재경(Jaekyung Dong),정유성(Yuseong Chung),김미령(Mi-Ryung Kim),강재선(Jae Seon Kang) 한국생명과학회 2019 생명과학회지 Vol.29 No.10

이 연구는 Red allium cepa (RA), Cucurbita moschata Duch (CM), and Angelica gigas Nakai (AG)의 혼합물을 이용한 새로운 기능성 물질을 개발하기 위해 수행되었다. RA와 CM은 수분 함량이 높아 저장 안정성이 매우 낮다. 따라서 각 재료들의 주요성분들을 추출하여 함량 분석 후 연구에 사용하였다. RA는 에탄올 추출 후 Bacilus subillis KJ-3 (BS3)에 의해 생물전환하였다. 생물전환 후, RA의 Quercetin 함량은 128.9% 증가되었음을 확인하였다. CM의 에탄올 추출물에서는 β-카로틴을 검출하였고 함량은 0.2 mg/g으로 낮았다. AG 에탄올 추출물(1 mg)의 데커신 및 데커시놀 엔젤레이트(D/DA)는 각각 0.4146 mg과 0.3659 mg을 함유했다. D/DA의 순도는 약 78%로 나타났다. 이들 각각의 물질 및 혼합물(혼합물 1 (RA:CM:AG = 5:2:3), 혼합물 2 (RA:CM: AG = 3:5:2), 혼합물3 (RA:CM:AG = 3:2:5)의 총 플라보노이드 함량과 폴리페놀 함량을 측정하였다. 세포 생존율, 항염증 활성, 항산화 능력 또한 평가하였다. 모든 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 혼합물 3 (RA:CM:AG=3:2:5)의 항산화 작용이 가장 효과적이었다. 따라서 이러한 연구 결과는 향후 RA, CM, AG의 3:2:5 혼합물을 이용한 식품개발을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다. This research was performed to develop a new material consisting of a mixture of Red Allium cepa (RA) Cucurbita moschata duch (CM), and Angelica gigas Nakai (AG). RA and CM have low storage stability because of their high moisture content. Therefore, their major components were extracted and used for the research after a content analysis. In order to overcome these limitations, the quercetin from RA, β-carotene from CM, and decursin/decursinol angelate (D/DA) from AG were separately extracted, and the biochemical activity of each extract and mixture was compared. RA was bioconverted by the Bacillus subtillis KJ-3 (BS3) after ethanol extraction. After bioconversion, the quercetin content of RA was increased by 128.9%. β-carotene was detected in the CM ethanol extract and its content was very low concentrations at 0.2 mg/g. The AG ethanol extract (1 mg) contained 0.4146mg and 0.3659 mg of D/DA, respectively. The purity of the D/DA was found to be about 78%. The flavonoid and polyphenol content of each extract and their mixtures (mixture 1 (RA:CM:AG = 5:2:3), mixture 2 (RA:CM: AG = 3:5:2), and mixture 3 (RA:CM:AG = 3:2:5)) were measured. In addition, the cell survival rate, anti-inflammatory activity, and antioxidant ability were also evaluated. In all the results, the antioxidant activity of mixture 3 was most effective. Therefore, these findings provide basic data for future food development using a 3:2:5 mixture of RA, CM, and AG.

Comparative antiplasmodial activity, cytotoxicity, and phytochemical contents of Warburgia ugandensis stem bark against Aspilia africana wild and in vitro regenerated tissues

Okello Denis,Gathirwa Jeremiah,Wanyoko Alice,Komakech Richard,Chung Yuseong,Gang Roggers,Omujal Francis,Kang Youngmin 한국식물생명공학회 2023 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.50 No.2

Malaria remains to be one of the most severe global public health concerns. Traditionally, Aspilia africana and Warburgia ugandensis have been used to treat malaria in several African countries for millennia. In the current study, A. africana calli (AaC), A. africana in vitro roots (AaIR), A. africana wild leaf (AaWL), and W. ugandensis stem bark (WuSB) were dried and pulverized. Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze the powdered samples, while 80% ethanolic extracts of each sample were assayed for antiplasmodial activity (against Plasmodium falciparum strains DD2 (chloroquine-resistant) and 3D7 (chloroquine-sensitive)) and cytotoxicity. WuSB showed the highest antiplasmodial activity (IC50 = 1.57 ± 0.210 µg/ml and 8.92 ± 0.365 µg/ml against P. falciparum 3D7 and DD2, respectively) and selectivity indices (43.90 ± 7.914 and 7.543 ± 0.051 for P. falciparum 3D7 and DD2, respectively). The highest total polyphenolic contents (total phenolic and flavonoid contents of 367.9 ± 3.55 mg GAE/g and 203.9 ± 1.43 mg RUE/g, respectively) were recorded for WuSB and the lowest were recorded for AaC. The anti- plasmodial activities of the tested plant tissues correlated positively with total polyphenolic content. The high selectivity indices of WuSB justify its traditional applications in treating malaria and present it as a good candidate for discovering new antimalarial compounds. We recommend elicitation treatment for AaIR, which showed moderate antiplasmodial activity against P. falciparum DD2, to increase its secondary metabolite production for optimal antimalarial activity.

Effects of commercial soils on germination, early growth, and chlorophyll content of Aspilia africana, a medicinal plant

Denis Okello,Richard Komakech,김용구(Yong-Goo Kim),Endang Rahmat,정유성(Yuseong Chung),Francis Omujal,강영민(Youngmin Kang) 한국식물생명공학회 2021 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.48 No.2

Aspilia africana (Pers) C.D.Adams, a plant used for centuries in many African countries to treat diseases such as osteoporosis, malaria, tuberculosis, and diabetes, is of great pharmaceutical interest, yet there is limited scientific literature on its germination and growth. This research paper describes the effects of different commercial soils on the germination, growth, and chlorophyll content of A. africana. The germination parameters assessed included final germination percentage (FGP), mean germination time (MGT), and germination index (GI). Shoot length, leaf number, and fresh and dry weights were some of the parameters used to assess A. africana growth. The FGP was low and did not vary significantly; the MGT was 7 ~ 10 days; and the GI was significantly higher in PPS soil at 4.61 ± 0.332 days. Aspilia africana plants in HS:PPS soil showed the best overall growth, producing the highest mean leaf number (18.00 ± 1.129), longest mean shoot length (202.43 ± 13.451 mm), and highest mean fresh and dry weights (7.08 ± 1.061 g and 0.629 ± 0.112 g, respectively). The highest chlorophyll content in leaves of A. africana under HS:PPS conditions suggested a higher photosynthetic potential of plants in this soil. The best growth performance of A. africana in the HS:PPS soil could be attributed to a higher amount of certain mineral nutrients such as nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus in the HS:PPS soil compared to the other soil categories. It is unclear why the FGP of A. africana was low and we recommend an exclusive study to investigate this further.

Comparative antiplasmodial activity, cytotoxicity, and phytochemical contents of Warburgia ugandensis stem bark against Aspilia africana wild and in vitro regenerated tissues

Denis Okello,Jeremiah Gathirwa,Alice Wanyoko,Richard Komakech,Yuseong Chung,Roggers Gang,Francis Omujal,Youngmin Kang The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2023 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.50 No.2

Malaria remains to be one of the most severe global public health concerns. Traditionally, Aspilia Africana and Warburgia ugandensis have been used to treat malaria in several African countries for millennia. In the current study, A. africana calli (AaC), A. africana in vitro roots (AaIR), A. africana wild leaf (AaWL), and W. ugandensis stem bark (WuSB) were dried and pulverized. Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze the powdered samples, while 80% ethanolic extracts of each sample were assayed for antiplasmodial activity (against Plasmodium falciparum strains DD2 (chloroquine-resistant) and 3D7 (chloroquine-sensitive)) and cytotoxicity. WuSB showed the highest antiplasmodial activity (IC₅₀ = 1.57 ± 0.210 ㎍/ml and 8.92 ± 0.365 ㎍/ml against P. falciparum 3D7 and DD2, respectively) and selectivity indices (43.90 ± 7.914 and 7.543 ± 0.051 for P. falciparum 3D7 and DD2, respectively). The highest total polyphenolic contents (total phenolic and flavonoid contents of 367.9 ± 3.55 mg GAE/g and 203.9 ± 1.43 mg RUE/g, respectively) were recorded for WuSB and the lowest were recorded for AaC. The antiplasmodial activities of the tested plant tissues correlated positively with total polyphenolic content. The high selectivity indices of WuSB justify its traditional applications in treating malaria and present it as a good candidate for discovering new antimalarial compounds. We recommend elicitation treatment for AaIR, which showed moderate antiplasmodial activity against P. falciparum DD2, to increase its secondary metabolite production for optimal antimalarial activity.