يادگيري فعل براساس دستور ساخت توسط فارسيآموزان كرهايزبان

فهیمهقپانداریبیدگلی ( Fahime Ghapandari Bidgoli ) 한국외국어대학교 중동연구소 2024 중동연구 Vol.42 No.3

Constructive grammar is one of the cognitive approaches that studies language based on cognitive ability and looks at language and language structure completely differently from formalist approaches. This grammar emphasizes linguistic constructions instead of rules and presents all linguistic patterns as constructions. One of these constructions is the verb's argument construction, which connects syntax and meaning. The present study deals with the argument construction of the verb in the writing of Korean students of the Persian language at two levels; the upper-basic and the upper-intermediate based on Constructive Grammar. The data obtained from 80 texts (40 texts of each group) shows the use of 72 verbs at the upper-basic level and 152 verbs at the upper-intermediate level. It indicates that learning the verb from the basic level to a higher level is productive cognitive work, and it is growing. Also, way construction is used by language learners of both levels more than other constructions, while cause-motion construction is less seen in their writing. These results help in teaching verbs, explaining polysemy in verbs, and also assist in educational planning, syllabi preparation, and providing teaching resources.

Role of Vitamin D Deficiency and Lack of Sun Exposure in the Incidence of Premenopausal Breast Cancer: a Case Control Study in Sabzevar, Iran

Bidgoli, Sepideh Arbabi,Azarshab, Hamid Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.8

Background: Vitamin D has been suggested as one of the critical factors for female reproductive health with protective activities against different cancers but there are conflicting facts regarding its role on breast cancer without any clear data on premenopausal cases. This study aimed to evaluate the role of vitamin D from dietary sources and sunlight exposure on the incidence of premenopausal breast cancer. Materials and Methods: We conducted a case control study on 60 newly diagnosed premenopausal breast cancer patients and 116 normal women who lived in Sabzevar and surrounding villages in Razavi, Khorasan, a rural and conservative area of Iran. Results: The mean concentrations of 25-OH vitamin D in cases and controls were $15.2{\pm}8.15$ vs $15.5{\pm}7/45ng/ml$, both well below normal values elsewhere. In fact 50% of analyzed individuals showed very severe or severe vitamin D deficiency and the rest (25%) were detected in suboptimal levels. Although the lack of vitamin D and calcium supplementation increased slightly the risk of premenopausal breast cancer (p=0.009, OR=1.115, CI 95%=1.049-1.187), higher prevalence of weekly egg consumption (86.66% vs 96.55%, p=0.023, OR=0.232, CI 95% 0.065-0.806) showed a slight protective role. The last but the most important risk factor was lack of sunlight exposure because the breast cancer patients had total body coverage from sun (p=0.007, OR=10.131, CI 98% 0.314-78.102). Conclusion: This study pointed out the role of vitamin D and other possible risk factors on the development and growth of breast tumors in this special geographical region. Although this study has revealed the interactions between hormonal and environmental factors in this province of Iran, understanding the deficiency pattern and its contribution to other lifestyle factors elsewhere is also necessary.

Prostate-Specific Antigen Levels in Relation to Background Factors: Are there Links to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and AhR Expression?

Bidgoli, Sepideh Arbabi,Jabari, Nasim,Zavarhei, Mansour Djamali Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.15

Background: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a potential biomarker for early detection of prostate cancer (PCa) but its level is known to be affected by many background factors and roles of ubiquitous toxicants have not been determined. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are ubiquitous reproductive toxicants used in consumer products, which promote tumor formation in some reproductive model systems by binding to AhR, but human data on its expression in prostate cancer as well as its association with PSA levels are not clear. This study aimed to evaluate the expression levels of AhR and its association with serological levels of PSA and to detect possible effects of background factors and EDC exposure history on PSA levels in PCa cases. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the tissue levels of AhR and serum levels of PSA in 53 PCa cases from 2008-2011 and associations between each and background and lifestyle related factors were determined. Results: Although the AhR was overexpressed in PCa and correlated with the age of patients, it did not correlate with PSA levels.Of nutritional factors, increased intake of polysaturated fats and fish in the routine regimen of PCa cases increased the PSA levels significantly. Conclusions: AhR overexpression in PCa pontws to roles of EDCs in PCa but without any direct association with PSA levels. However, PSA levels are affected by exposure to possible toxicants in foods whichneed to be assessed as possible risk factors of PCa in future studies.

Role of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in the Occurrence of Benign Uterine Leiomyomata: Special Emphasis on AhR Tissue Levels

Bidgoli, Sepideh Arbabi,Khorasani, Hoda,Keihan, Heideh,Sadeghipour, Alireza,Mehdizadeh, Abolfazl Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.11

Although benign uterine leiomyomata (LMA) is the most common reproductive tumor in premenopausal women, its etiology is largely unknown. We aimed in the present study to demonstrate the potential role of environmental factors with estrogenic activity in tumor etiology by focusing on the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) which mediates the effects of many environmental endocrine disruptors and contributes to the loss of normal ovarian function in polluted environments. This case-control study aimed to compare the interactions between AhR and lifestyle factors in a clinical setting for the first time among 138 newly diagnosed LMA patients and 138 normal controls who lived in Tehran and Mashhad, respectively, during the last 10 years. To conduct immunohistochemical studies using appropriate monoclonal antibodies, 30 cases were selected retrospectively from 2009-2011 from the pathology departments of two university hospitals in Tehran. Although the levels of sex steroid receptors were similar in adjacent myometrium and uterine leiomyomas of all cases, AhR was significantly overexpressed (p=0.034, OR=1.667) in uterine LMA and this overexpression was correlated with living in Tehran [(p=0.04, OR=16 (1.216-210.58)], smoking[P=0.04, OR=2.085 (1.29-3.371)], living near polycyclic aromative hydrocarbon producing companies [p=0.007, OR=2.22 (1.256-3.926)] and eating grilled meat [p=0.042, OR=1.28 (1.92-3.842)]. Our study contributes to the understanding of the effects of EDCs on AhR levels as well as women's health and points out possible risk factors for the development and growth of uterine LMA. It seems that the development of LMA could be the result of interactions between hormonal and environmental factors.

The Effectiveness of Applying the Pictorial Method in Increasing Learner’s Knowledge of Persian Vocabulary

Ghapandari Bidgoli, Fahime 한국외국어대학교 외국어교육연구소 2016 외국어교육연구 Vol.30 No.1

Vocabulary plays an important role in language learning by enhancing learners’ knowledge of the language and considerably impacts all language skills. In addition, vocabulary is now considered a language skill that needs to be brought into sharper focus. This is why teachers should adopt an appropriate method for teaching vocabulary. The pictorial method is one of the most popular methods in the field of language teaching. The present study aims to examine the effect of the pictorial method in teaching vocabulary to Persian learners at the elementary level. The population included sixty Korean-speaking Persian learners who were studying Persian Language or Iranian Studies at the Hankuk University of Foreign Studies. The research sample was randomly selected and the applicants were divided into control and experimental groups. At first, a test was given to the applicants to determine new words. A pretest was then conducted. Both groups performed almost identically in the pretest. Afterwards, the experimental groups were taught passages using pictures for ten sessions, each of which lasted 90 minutes. The control group was taught the passages without any pictures. After the posttest, the scores of both groups were compared using statistical analysis. The t-test results revealed that the experimental group outperformed the control group. These findings supported the hypothesis that using pictures while teaching vocabulary would considerably improve the Persian vocabulary knowledge of Korean-speaking learners. It is suggested that more pictures be used in Persian language books for speakers of the Korean language in order to enhance the effectiveness of their Persian studies.

Developing Reading Comprehension Ability through A Task-Based Approach: The Case Study of Korean Speaking Persian Learners

Ghapandari Bidgoli, Fahime,Abdollahi Parsa, Tahere 한국외국어대학교 외국어교육연구소 2020 외국어교육연구 Vol.34 No.4

Nowadays, the task-based approach is a popular topic in SL/FL teaching. The widespread interest in the TBL approach and providing content-based educational materials for different languages as well as the Persian language has been increased in recent years. It is stated that task-based instruction creates more favorable conditions and facilitates language acquisition. In the task-based approach, a subset of the communication language teaching, tasks are used as a basic unit in language education, and on the basis of the common points of learning objectives and the real-world, provides appropriate conditions for learning. The present paper focuses on improving the reading comprehension ability of intermediate Korean speaking Persian Learners through task-based instruction. Therefore, on the basis of the task-based approach and Neil Andersons’s (1999) reading pattern, five task-based lessons were prepared. The sample of the research was 30 Korean students of Persian language at the intermediate level, randomly selected and divided into control and experimental groups. At first, a pretest was conducted, based on the results of which it was revealed that both groups performed almost identically. Thereafter, experimental groups received the reading texts based on a task-based syllabus and Anderson's reading model whereas the control group received instruction through traditional methods and techniques as usual as before. Having implemented the posttest, the scores of both groups were compared using statistical analysis. Results of the dependent T-test showed the positive and remarkable effect of the syllabi designed, which by itself supports the effectuality of the task-based approach and Andersons’s reading pattern in improving the learners' reading comprehension skill.

≪فارسي بياموزيم≫غيرفارسيزبانان: مطالعهي موردي كتاب اهميت آموزش فرهنگ در كتابهاي آموزش زبان فارسي به

( Ghapandari Bidgoli Fahime ),( Abdollahi Parsa Tahereh ) 한국중동학회 2020 韓國 中東 學會 論叢 Vol.41 No.1

In second / foreign language teaching, attention to culture and education is so important that is referred to as the fifth skill, since language is used to convey meaning, but what determines meaning is culture. Therefore it is not possible to teach a second / foreign language regardless of the cultural aspects of that language; linguistic knowledge is necessary but not sufficient. In other words, language and culture are both necessary and interdependent phenomena and widely affect each other. Since Persian language teaching books are one of the most important tools for learning and teaching Persian language and culture; in this research, it has been attempted to study the cultural aspects of the book "Farsi biamuzim" at basic level in order to obtain useful and effective results and strategies in the field of Persian language and culture education. This article is a descriptive and analytical one.

Virtual Environment and Teaching Persian Language and Literature

( Fahime Ghapandari Bidgoli ) 한국외국어대학교 중동연구소 2020 중동연구 Vol.39 No.2

Recent advances in technology have led to considerable changes in education. One of the new educational approaches in the world is virtual education or distance education. In fact, web-based learning systems or virtual learning environments are new ways of communicating that allow language learners and instructors to learn regardless of time or space constraints. Today, one of the basic needs of this type of education is educational content appropriate to the virtual environment and the needs of its learners. Because the content of the web-based training course should be designed in such a way that it can be used in electronic and interactive environments and can provide different types of audio-visual information to learners. Therefore, due to the importance of this issue, in the present study, literary texts of Persian language teaching books for non-Persian speakers were taught on the web. Then, based on these texts, some assignments based on the task-oriented approach were prepared and used in the virtual classroom. The results of this study showed that the content of teaching and homework leads to favorable feedback.

Learning the Verb by Koreanspeaking Learners of Persian Based on Construction Grammar

Fahime Ghapandari Bidgoli 한국외국어대학교(글로벌캠퍼스) 중동연구소 2024 중동연구 Vol.42 No.3

Constructive grammar is one of the cognitive approaches that studies language based on cognitive ability and looks at language and language structure completely differently from formalist approaches. This grammar emphasizes linguistic constructions instead of rules and presents all linguistic patterns as constructions. One of these constructions is the verb's argument construction, which connects syntax and meaning. The present study deals with the argument construction of the verb in the writing of Korean students of the Persian language at two levels; the upper-basic and the upper-intermediate based on Constructive Grammar. The data obtained from 80 texts (40 texts of each group) shows the use of 72 verbs at the upperbasic level and 152 verbs at the upper-intermediate level. It indicates that learning the verb from the basic level to a higher level is productive cognitive work, and it is growing. Also, "way construction" is used by language learners of both levels more than other constructions, while cause-motion construction is less seen in their writing. These results help in teaching verbs, explaining polysemy in verbs, and also assist in educational planning, syllabi preparation, and providing teaching resources.

Investigating priorities of engineering disciplines for addressing the technical needs of Iranian society using the Analytic Hierarchy Process

Behrooz Minaei Bidgoli,Somayeh Farhang Adib,Samira Yousefi Naghani 한국교육개발원 2014 KEDI Journal of Educational Policy Vol.11 No.2

Iranian society needs a trained expert workforce in light of the rapid advances in science and technology. This is as important as natural needs for community survival, and having an expert workforce leads to independence and power for the society. To this end, governments can facilitate social progress through appropriate and comprehensive planning, training young talent, and optimal use of the available tools and capacities. Considering the importance of expertise in engineering fields for industrialization, this paper investigates the importance and priority of the common engineering disciplines in Iran. To achieve this goal, several criteria must be considered simultaneously, which we did using the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Our findings include a prioritization of the disciplines in this branch of science.