Homology of contact CR-warped product submanifolds of an odd-dimensional unit sphere

Bayram \c{S}ahin,Fulya \c{S}ahin 대한수학회 2015 대한수학회보 Vol.52 No.1

We show that homology group on a contact CR-warped product submanifold in odd dimensional sphere is zero under certain conditions in terms of warping function and the dimension of the submanifold.

LaeA Control of Velvet Family Regulatory Proteins for Light-Dependent Development and Fungal Cell-Type Specificity

Sarikaya Bayram, Ö,zlem,Bayram, Ö,zgü,r,Valerius, Oliver,Park, Hee Soo,Irniger, Stefan,Gerke, Jennifer,Ni, Min,Han, Kap-Hoon,Yu, Jae-Hyuk,Braus, Gerhard H. Public Library of Science 2010 PLoS genetics Vol.6 No.12

<▼1><P>VeA is the founding member of the velvet superfamily of fungal regulatory proteins. This protein is involved in light response and coordinates sexual reproduction and secondary metabolism in <I>Aspergillus nidulans</I>. In the dark, VeA bridges VelB and LaeA to form the VelB-VeA-LaeA (velvet) complex. The VeA-like protein VelB is another developmental regulator, and LaeA has been known as global regulator of secondary metabolism. In this study, we show that VelB forms a second light-regulated developmental complex together with VosA, another member of the velvet family, which represses asexual development. LaeA plays a key role, not only in secondary metabolism, but also in directing formation of the VelB-VosA and VelB-VeA-LaeA complexes. LaeA controls VeA modification and protein levels and possesses additional developmental functions. The <I>laeA</I> null mutant results in constitutive sexual differentiation, indicating that LaeA plays a pivotal role in inhibiting sexual development in response to light. Moreover, the absence of LaeA results in the formation of significantly smaller fruiting bodies. This is due to the lack of a specific globose cell type (Hülle cells), which nurse the young fruiting body during development. This suggests that LaeA controls Hülle cells. In summary, LaeA plays a dynamic role in fungal morphological and chemical development, and it controls expression, interactions, and modification of the velvet regulators.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P>Numerous fungi have the potential to infect immunocompromised patients or to contaminate and spoil our nutrients. They represent an increasing danger that threatens public health and agriculture. This requires improved understanding of fungal growth, development, dissemination of spores, and mycotoxin production. We have discovered two related fungal specific protein complexes that provide a molecular link among spore formation, fungal development, and secondary metabolite production. The subunit allocation of both complexes depends on each other, and they share a common subunit. These complexes comprise three related and in fungi conserved proteins of the velvet family that function in concert with a known regulator of secondary metabolism, LaeA. This protein controls the formation of both complexes but is only a part of the trimeric complex. We found that this regulator of secondary metabolism also possesses several developmental control functions in gene expression. These protein complexes discovered in the fungal model system <I>Aspergillus nidulans</I> are conserved in fungal pathogens where they might provide novel insights for understanding growth, development, and interaction with their respective hosts.</P></▼2>

Membrane-Bound Methyltransferase Complex VapA-VipC-VapB Guides Epigenetic Control of Fungal Development

Sarikaya-Bayram, O.,Bayram, O.,Feussner, K.,Kim, J.H.,Kim, H.S.,Kaever, A.,Feussner, I.,Chae, K.S.,Han, D.M.,Han, K.H.,Braus, G.H. Cell Press 2014 DEVELOPMENTAL CELL Vol.29 No.4

Epigenetic and transcriptional control of gene expression must be coordinated in response to external signals to promote alternative multicellular developmental programs. The membrane-associated trimeric complex VapA-VipC-VapB controls a signal transduction pathway for fungal differentiation. The VipC-VapB methyltransferases are tethered to the membrane by the FYVE-like zinc finger protein VapA, allowing the nuclear VelB-VeA-LaeA complex to activate transcription for sexual development. Once the release from VapA is triggered, VipC-VapB is transported into the nucleus. VipC-VapB physically interacts with VeA and reduces its nuclear import and protein stability, thereby reducing the nuclear VelB-VeA-LaeA complex. Nuclear VapB methyltransferase diminishes the establishment of facultative heterochromatin by decreasing histone 3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3). This favors activation of the regulatory genes brlA and abaA, which promote the asexual program. The VapA-VipC-VapB methyltransferase pathway combines control of nuclear import and stability of transcription factors with histone modification to foster appropriate differentiation responses.

Dynamic Compensation Temperature in the Mixed Spin-½ and Spin-⅔ Ising Model in an Oscillating Field on Alternate Layers of Hexagonal Lattice

Bayram Deviren,Mustafa Keskin,Osman Canko 한국자기학회 2008 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.- No.-

Slant Submanifolds of an Almost Product Riemannian Manifold

Bayram Sahin 대한수학회 2006 대한수학회지 Vol.43 No.4

In this paper, we study both slant and semi-slant submanifolds ofan almost product Riemannian manifold. We give characterizationtheorems for slant and semi-slant submanifolds and investigatespecial class of slant submanifolds which are product version ofKaehlerian slant submanifold. We also obtain integrabilityconditions for the distributions which are involved in thedefinition of a semi-slant submanifold. Finally, we prove atheorem on the geometry of leaves of distributions under acondition.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON APPLICABILITY AND EFFICIENCY OF MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS FOR MODELING GAMMA-RAY SHIELDING BEHAVIORS

Bayram Bilmez,Ozan Toker,Selçuk Alp,Ersoy Oz,Orhan _ Içelli 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.1

The mass attenuation coefficient is the primary physical parameter to model narrow beam gamma-rayattenuation. A new machine learning based approach is proposed to model gamma-ray shieldingbehavior of composites alternative to theoretical calculations. Two fuzzy logic algorithms and a neuralnetwork algorithm were trained and tested with different mixture ratios of vanadium slag/epoxy resin/antimony in the 0.05 MeVe2 MeV energy range. Two of the algorithms showed excellent agreementwith testing data after optimizing adjustable parameters, with root mean squared error (RMSE) valuesdown to 0.0001. Those results are remarkable because mass attenuation coefficients are often presentedwith four significant figures. Different training data sizes were tried to determine the least number ofdata points required to train sufficient models. Data set size more than 1000 is seen to be required tomodel in above 0.05 MeV energy. Below this energy, more data points with finer energy resolution mightbe required. Neuro-fuzzy models were three times faster to train than neural network models, whileneural network models depicted low RMSE. Fuzzy logic algorithms are overlooked in complex functionapproximation, yet grid partitioned fuzzy algorithms showed excellent calculation efficiency and goodconvergence in predicting mass attenuation coefficient.

Association between RASSF1A Ala133Ser Polymorphism and Cancer Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis Involving 8,892 Subjects

Bayram, Suleyman Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.8

Background: Published studies on the association between the Ras Association Domain Family 1 isoform A (RASSF1A) Ala133Ser polymorphism and cancer susceptibility have yielded conflicting results. Thus, a meta-analysis was here performed to assess the possible association. Materials and Methods: All eligible case-control studies published up to November 2013 on the association between RASSF1A Ala133Ser polymorphism and cancer susceptibility were identified by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct and hand search. Bothfixed-effect and random-effect models were used to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software version 2.2. Results: A total of 10 studies including 4,572 cancer cases and 4,320 controls were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, significantly increased cancer risk was associated with the variant Ser133 when all studies were pooled (Ser vs Ala: OR=1.51, 95% CI=1.08-2.12, $P_{heterogeneity}{\leq}0.001$; Ser/Ser+Ala/Ser vs Ala/Ala: OR=1.55, 95% CI=1.08-2.22, $P_{heterogeneity}{\leq}0.001$). Moreover, in subgroup analyses by cancer types, a significant association between RASSF1A Ala133Ser polymorphism and lung cancer risk was found (Ser vs Ala: OR=2.27, 95% CI=1.29-4.02, $P_{heterogeneity}$=0.61; Ser/Ser+Ala/Ser vs Ala/Ala: OR=2.42, 95% CI=1.33-4.42, $P_{heterogeneity}=0.75$). In addition, in subgroup analyses by ethnicity, it was found that the RASSF1A Ala133Ser polymorphism was associated with overall cancer risk in Asians (Ser vs Ala: OR=1.37, 95% CI=1.06-1.77, $P_{heterogeneity}=0.06$) and Caucasians (Ser/Ser+Ala/Ser vs Ala/Ala: OR=2.21, 95% CI=1.01-4.82, $P_{heterogeneity}{\leq}0.001$). Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests, for the first time, that RASSF1A Ala133Ser polymorphism may contribute to cancer susceptibility, especially for lung cancer. Besides, additional well-designed studies with larger sample size focusing on different ethnicities and cancer types are needed to confirm these findings.

The frog appliance for upper molar distalization: a case report

Bayram, Mehmet,Nor, Metin,Kilkis, Dogan The Korean Association Of Orthodontists 2010 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.40 No.1

본고의 목적은 2급 1류 치열안면 구조를 가지는 한 환자에 적용된 새로이 고안된 상악 대구치 원심 이동 장치인 Frog appliance의 효과를 평가하기 위함이다. 11세의 여자 환자가 교정 치료를 위해 본 진료실로 의뢰되었다. 환자는 미약한 2급 골격관계와 2급의 대구치 및 견치 관계를 양측 모두에서 보이고 있었다. 고정성 장치 치료를 통해 양측 상악 제1대구치를 원심 이동시키는 방법을 포함하는 치료 계획을 수립하였으며 상악 대구치를 원심 이동하기 위해 새로이 고안된 Frog appliance를 제작 및 적용하였다. 측모 두부방사선 사진으로 치료 결과를 평가하였으며 상악 제1대구치의 원심 이동이 4개월의 치료 기간 동안 이루어 졌고 1급의 구치 관계가 얻어졌다. 총 치료 기간은 16개월이 소요되었다. 두부방사선 사진을 평가한 결과 약간의 고정원 상실과 함께 대구치의 원심 이동이 치축 이동에 가깝게 일어난 것을 확인하였다. 결론적으로 Frog appliance는 환자의 협조를 요하지 않는 장치로서 간단하고 효과적으로 양측 대구치의 원심이동을 이룰 수 있는 구내 장치이다. The purpose of this article was to evaluate the effects of a new upper molar distalization system, the Frog Appliance, on dentofacial structures in a Class II, division 1 patient. An 11-year-old girl was referred to our clinic for orthodontic treatment. She had a mild skeletal Class II malocclusion with Class II molar and canine relationship on both sides. The treatment plan included distalization of the upper first molars bilaterally followed by full fixed appliance therapy. For the upper molar distalization, a new system, the Frog Appliance, was constructed and applied. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were used to evaluate the treatment results. Distalization of the upper first molars was achieved in four months successfully, and Class I molar relationship was obtained. Total treatment time was 16 months. According to the results of the cephalometric evaluation, a nearly bodily distal molar movement with a slight anchorage loss was attained. In conclusion, the Frog Appliance was found to be a simple, ef ective, non-invasive, and compliance-free intraoral distalization appliance for achieving bilateral molar distalization.

Smart Calculation of Heat Energy Supplied by Hot Water

Bayram Ashyrmyradovich Jumayev,Serdar Nazarov 대한전자공학회 2023 IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing & Computing Vol.12 No.2

This paper provides significant results related to the smart calculation of heat energy supply. In order to measure the heat energy supply for personal and domestic uses, a smart meter was designed using a microcontroller, temperature and water-flow sensors, actuators and modules. This meter can be implemented in buildings in order to calculate the amount of heat energy supplied by circulating hot water during winter. As stated in an Execution Plan of the State Program of energy saving in 2018-2024, possible digital or intellectual solutions should be worked out in order to normalize heat and hot-water provision systems. In the framework of this State Program, the proposed system could serve as a beneficial tool for calculating, recording, and monitoring the heat energy being consumed by houses or buildings.

Yabanci Dil ogretimi Yontem ve Yaklasimlarinda Yazinsal Metnin Degisken Statusu

( Bayram Kose ) 한국외국어대학교 중동연구소 2006 중동연구 Vol.25 No.1