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Evaluation of the Efficacy of Flaxseed Meal and Flaxseed Extract in Reducing Menopausal Symptoms
Márcia Constantino Colli,Adelar Bracht,Andréa Assunção Soares,Andréa Luisa de Oliveira,Cinthia Gandolfi Bôer,Cristina Giatti Marques de Souza,Rosane Marina Peralta 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.9
The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of flaxseed meal and flaxseed extract in reducing climacteric symptoms of menopausal women. Ninety menopausal women were randomly distributed into three study groups: group I received 1 g per day of flaxseed extract containing at least 100 mg of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), group II received 90 g per day of flaxseed meal containing at least 270 mg of SDG, and group III received 1 g per day of collagen (placebo group). Subjects were assessed for menopausal symptoms by the Kupperman index at the beginning and at the end of the 6 months of treatment. Subjects were also assessed for endometrial thickness and vaginal cytology. The Kupperman index values at the beginning and end of the treatments were analyzed using the paired t-test. Both the flaxseed extract (P=.007) and the flaxseed meal (P=.005) were effective in reducing the menopausal symptoms when compared with the placebo control (P=.082). Alternatively, the changes in Kupperman index were also computed and submitted to analysis of variance. In this case, no significant differences were found (P=.084) although the data indicate a decreasing tendency for the Kupperman index by both the flaxseed extract and the flaxseed meal groups. Neither the flaxseed extract nor the flaxseed meal exerted clinically important estrogenic effects on the vaginal epithelium or endometrium as revealed by the absence of changes in the blood levels of follicle stimulating hormone and estradiol, as well as in the endometrial thickness, and vaginal epithelial maturation value. No serious adverse events related to the treatments were reported. Although the results of the present study do not allow an unequivocal conclusion about the action of flaxseed on the menopausal symptoms, they suggest that it could be premature to conclude that no such action exists. Clearly the matter still deserves further experimental attention.
Moisés R. Cesário,Daniel A. Macedo,Rosane M. P. B. Oliveira,Patrícia M. Pimentel,Roberto L. Moreira,Dulce M. A. Melo 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2011 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.12 No.1
Strontium-doped lanthanum manganite (La1−xSrxMnO3) is a commonly used cathode in solid oxide fuel cells. In this study,La0.80Sr0.20MnO3 powder was prepared by the modified Pechini’s method using gelatin as the polymerizing agent. The polymeric resin obtained was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and the powder calcined at 900 oC for 4 h has been characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The La0.80Sr0.20MnO3 phase exhibited rhombohedral symmetry. The infrared reflectance spectrum was dominated by a conduction mechanism besides the signature of less pronounced phonon features, characteristics of the crystal lattice. The present results indicated that the gelatin has been an efficient directional element to be used in La0.80Sr0.20MnO3 synthesis, and it is a low cost material, non toxic and makes the polymeric precursor synthesis less complicated.
Correia, F.F.,Waterbury, T.L.,Rosan, B.,DiRienzo, J.M. Korean Academy of Oral Biology and the UCLA Dental 2001 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.26 No.1
The major outer membrane porin, FomA, from Fusobacterium mucleatum ATCC 10953 was previously shown to be a coaggregation receptor for Streptococcus crista CC5A. The fomA gene was amplified by PCR and cloned in Escherichia coli. The nucleotide sequence of the recombinant gene contained a three base pair deletion and four single base differences compared to the native fomA sequence. The recombinant gene product was glutathione-S-transferase (GST). The GST portion was removed by treatment with thrombin and the FomA portion purified in milligram quantities. The purified recombinant protein contained a glycylserine dipeptide at its amino terminus, bound IgG from antiserum made against native FomA, and retained the heat-modifiable property of the native protein. However, the recombinant FomA failed to bind to S. crista CC5A or inhibit coaggregation between this bacterium and F. nucleatum. FomA may require outer membrane components, such as lipopolysaccharide, to stabilize the protein in a structure recognized by the streptococcal adhesin.
Hepatic and renal damage by alcohol and cigarette smoking in rats
Bandiera Solange,Pulcinelli Rianne R.,Huf Fernanda,Almeida Felipe B.,Halmenschlager Graziele,Bitencourt Paula E. R.,Dallegrave Eliane,C. Fernandes Marilda,Gomez Rosane,Nin Mauricio S. 한국독성학회 2021 Toxicological Research Vol.37 No.2
Chronic use of alcohol and tobacco cigarettes is associated to millions of deaths per year, either by direct or indirect causes. However, few studies have explored the additional risks of the combined use of these drugs. Here we assessed the effect of the combined use of alcohol and cigarette smoke on liver or kidney morphology, and on biochemical parameters in chronically treated rats. Male Wistar rats were allocated to receive 2 g/kg alcohol orally, which was followed by the inhalation of smoke from six cigarettes during 2 h (ALTB group) for 28 days. Other groups received alcohol alone (AL) or were exposed to cigarette smoke (TB) alone and were compared to control (CT) rats, which received water followed by ambient air. On day 29, rats were euthanized and blood samples were collected for aminotransferase enzymes (AST and ALT), creatinine, and urea analysis. Liver and kidney were weighted, dissected, fixed, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for morphological analysis. Our results showed that necrosis was elevated in the AL, TB, and mainly the ALTB group in both liver and kidney of rats. Serum levels of AST and ALT were reduced by cigarette smoke exposure, independently of alcohol use. Serum creatinine levels increased after tobacco smoke exposure. On the other hand, TB and AL groups decreased serum urea levels, and their association restored that decrease. Absolute liver and kidney weights were lower in the cigarette smoke exposure rats. Lastly, body weight gain was lower in TB group and combined use restored it. Thus, we may infer that the use of alcohol, exposure to tobacco cigarette smoke or, mainly, their association promotes liver and kidney injuries, and this damage is related with biochemical changes in rats.