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        Methane adsorption by porous graphene derived from rice husk ashes under various stabilization temperatures

        Che Othman Faten Ermala,Ismail Mohd Shafri,Yusof Norhaniza,Samitsu Sadaki,Yusop Mohd Zamri,Tajul Arifin Nur Fatihah,Alias Nur Hashimah,Jaafar Juhana,Aziz Farhana,Wan Salleh Wan Norharyati,Ismail Ahmad 한국탄소학회 2020 Carbon Letters Vol.30 No.5

        The present work focused on the determination of texture, morphology, crystallinity, and gas adsorption characteristics of porous graphene prepared from rice husks ashes at diferent stabilization temperature. The stabilization temperature applied in this work is 100 °C, 200 °C, 300 °C, and 400 °C to convert rice husk into rice husk ashes (RHA). Chemical activation was adopted at temperature 800 °C using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as dehydrating agent at (1:5) impregnation ratio to convert RHA into rice husk ashes-derived graphene (GRHA). The resultant GRHA were characterized in terms of their morphologi�cal changes, SSA, crystallinity, and functional group with TEM, the BET method, Raman spectroscopy, and XRD analysis, respectively. Results from this study showed that the SSA of the GRHA at stabilization temperature 200 °C (1556.3 m2 /g) is the highest compared to the other stabilization temperature. Raman spectroscopy analysis revealed that all GRHA samples possess D, G, and 2D bands, which confrm the successful synthesis of the rice husks into porous graphene-like materials, known as GRHA. Appearance of difraction peak in XRD at 44.7° indicating the graphitic structure of all the GRHA sam�ples. Meanwhile, the TEM images of GRHA200 exhibited wrinkled structures due to the intercalation of oxygen and a few layers of graphene fakes. These wrinkled structures and graphene layers are the other factors that lead to the highest SSA of GRHA200 compared to other prepared samples GRHA. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity of CH4 for GRHA200 is up to 43 cm3 /g at 35 bar and ambient temperature, almost double the adsorption capacity performance of GRHA400 at the same operating pressure and temperature.

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