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Metabolomics Reveal Optimal Grain Preprocessing (Milling) toward Rice <i>Koji</i> Fermentation
Lee, Sunmin,Lee, Da Eun,Singh, Digar,Lee, Choong Hwan American Chemical Society, Books and Journals Divi 2018 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.66 No.11
<P>A time-correlated mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolic profiling was performed for rice <I>koji</I> made using the substrates with varying degrees of milling (DOM). Overall, 67 primary and secondary metabolites were observed as significantly discriminant among different samples. Notably, a higher abundance of carbohydrate (sugars, sugar alcohols, organic acids, and phenolic acids) and lipid (fatty acids and lysophospholipids) derived metabolites with enhanced hydrolytic enzyme activities were observed for <I>koji</I> made with DOM of 5-7 substrates at 36 h. The antioxidant secondary metabolites (flavonoids and phenolic acid) were relatively higher in <I>koji</I> with DOM of 0 substrates, followed by DOM of 5 > DOM of 7 > DOM of 9 and 11 at 96 h. Hence, we conjecture that the rice substrate preprocessing between DOM of 5 and 7 was potentially optimal toward <I>koji</I> fermentation, with the end product being rich in distinctive organoleptic, nutritional, and functional metabolites. The study rationalizes the substrate preprocessing steps vital for commercial <I>koji</I> making.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Lee, Sunmin,Lee, Sarah,Singh, Digar,Oh, Ji Young,Jeon, Eun Jung,Ryu, Hyung SeoK,Lee, Dong Wan,Kim, Beom Seok,Lee, Choong Hwan Elsevier 2017 Food chemistry Vol.221 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Two different <I>doenjang</I> manufacturing processes, the industrial process (IP) and the modified industrial process (mIP) with specific microbial assortments, were subjected to metabolite profiling using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS). The multivariate analyses indicated that both primary and secondary metabolites exhibited distinct patterns according to the fermentation processes (IP and mIP). Microbial community analysis for <I>doenjang</I> using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), exhibited that both bacteria and fungi contributed proportionally for each step in the process viz., soybean, steaming, drying, <I>meju</I> fermentation, cooling, brining, and aging. Further, correlation analysis indicated that <I>Aspergillus</I> population was linked to sugar metabolism, <I>Bacillus</I> spp. with that of fatty acids, whereas <I>Tetragenococcus</I> and <I>Zygosaccharomyces</I> were found associated with amino acids. These results suggest that the components and quality of <I>doenjang</I> are critically influenced by the microbial assortments in each process.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The mIP showed similar metabolite profiles compared to IP despite reduced time. </LI> <LI> Microbial assortments regulate differential metabolite profiles in each process. </LI> <LI> <I>Doenjang</I> quality was synchronous with microbial metabolic diversity. </LI> </UL> </P>
Lee, Sunmin,Kim, Jeong-Cheol,Jung, Hyung-Sup,Lee, Moung Jin,Lee, Saro Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2017 Geomatics, natural hazards and risk Vol.8 No.2
<P>Since flood frequency increases with the impact of climate change, the damage that is emphasized on flood-risk maps is based on actual flooded area data; therefore, flood-susceptibility maps for the Seoul metropolitan area, for which random-forest and boosted-tree models are used in a geographic information system (GIS) environment, are created for this study. For the flood-susceptibility mapping, flooded-area, topography, geology, soil and land-use datasets were collected and entered into spatial datasets. From the spatial datasets, 12 factors were calculated and extracted as the input data for the models. The flooded area of 2010 was used to train the model, and the flooded area of 2011 was used for the validation. The importance of the factors of the flood-susceptibility maps was calculated and lastly, the maps were validated. As a result, the distance from the river, geology and digital elevation model showed a high importance among the factors. The random-forest model showed validation accuracies of 78.78% and 79.18% for the regression and classification algorithms, respectively, and boosted-tree model showed validation accuracies of 77.55% and 77.26% for the regression and classification algorithms, respectively. The flood-susceptibility maps provide meaningful information for decision-makers regarding the identification of priority areas for flood-mitigation management.</P>
이세영(Seyoung Lee),이선민(Sunmin Lee),이용우(Yongwoo Lee),이제희(Jehee Lee) 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회 2021 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.7
우리는 단일 모션 클립에서 매개 변수화된 모션 집단을 학습하는 새로운 알고리즘을 제시한다. 각 동작은 심층정책 네트워크로 표현되며, 연속적인 동작 공간을 탐색하여 사용자 입력 및 환경 상호 작용에 대응하여 물리 시뮬레이션 상에서 모션을 생성한다. 모션 매개 변수화와 동작 추적의 동시 학습은 학습된 모터 기술의 성능과 시각적 품질을 크게 향상시킨다. 우리는 매우 역동적인 동작들을 작업 목표, 신체 비율, 물리적 수치 및 환경 조건에 대해 매개 변수화하여서 알고리즘의 유연성을 입증했다.
A case of inverted type a (clonal) nevus
( Sunmin Yim ),( Hyeon Jeong Park ),( Junghwa Yang ),( Yunho Lee ),( Jung Yup Kim ),( Jae Yun Lim ),( Young Jun Choi ),( Jae-hui Nam ),( Ga-young Lee ),( Won-serk Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.1
Inverted type A (clonal) nevus is a unusual type of melanocytic nevus. It contains pigmented nests of type A nevus cells in the depth of a banal. The nest is occasionally surrounded by type B or C nevus cells. Therefore, type A nevus cells are layered in deeper portion of nevus and Type B and C nevus cells are observed on superficial layers. An unusual presentation of inverted type A nevus have been rarely reported with superficial neurotization. We described a case of a 68 year-old female complained of solitary, 0.4 cm-sized, dome shaped, brownish to skin-colored papule on the occiput. There was no pruritus or pain on the lesion. The excision biopsy was performed. The histology examination revealed clustered, swirling, epithelioid, type A nevus cells proliferation in the deep portion of perifollicular area. The dense, basophilic type B nevus cells were surrounding the nests of type A cells. Moreover, extensive neurotized type C nevus cells appeared in the upper dermis. No atypia and abnormal mitosis were observed. It could be diagnosed with inverted type A nevus based on the clinical and histological findings.
Squamoid eccrine ductal carcinoma of the ear helix
( Sunmin Yim ),( Yeon Gu Choi ),( Gyoo Huh ),( Hyeon Jeong Park ),( Junghwa Yang ),( Yun Ho Lee ),( Jung Yup Kim ),( Heun Joo Lee ),( Young Jun Choi ),( Ga-young Lee ),( Won-serk Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.1
Squamoid eccrine ductal carcinoma (SEDC) is a rarely reported malignant skin tumor. It is characterized by showing both atypical squamous and ductal differentiation. SEDC occurs on sun-exposed area and appears as gradually developed nodular or ulcerative lesions. We describe a case of SEDC on the left ear helix of an 80-year-old male patient. After receiving a punch biopsy for diagnosis, the patient underwent a wide excision to remove the tumor. Histopathology results revealed ulcerative, infiltrative lesions extending from the epidermis to the upper dermis with atypical squamous cell proliferation. Tubular and ductal structures with hyperchromatic nuclei were observed in the deeper layer of the dermis. Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for CK5/6, CK7, Epithelial membrane antigen, P53, and P63. Carcinoembryonic antigen, S-100, gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 and periodic acid-Schiff showed negative staining. The biphasic histopathology features and immunohistochemistry findings help differentiating SEDC from squamous cell carcinoma and other eccrine origin malignant tumors. Clinically, SEDC frequently appears on sun-exposed body areas, especially on the head and neck. It also shows local recurrence despite complete resection. These characteristic features demand cautious attention for diagnosis and treatment of SEDC.
과학로켓 3호(KSR-3) 자력계 데이터 분석을 통한 로켓비행자세 연구
이은석,장민환,이동훈,김성수,황승현,이선민 경희대학교 자연과학종합연구원 2003 자연과학논문집 Vol.9 No.1
2002년 11월에 발사된 KSR-3 과학 로켓에 탑재된 자력계의 데이터 처리 결과에 대해 논한다. KSR-3 과학 로켓에는 로켓의 비행 자세 정보 획득을 위한 Fluxgate 자력계인 AIM (Attitude Information Magnetometer)과 지구 자기장 섭동 측정용 Search-coil 자력계인 SIM (Scientific Investigation Magnetometer)인 2종류의 자력계가 탑재되었었다. KSR-3 과학 로켓의 발사부터 비행종료까지 총 비행시간 2314초 동안 AIM과 SIM에서 각 축별 데이터를 성공적으로 획득하였다. 먼저 AIM은 획득된 데이터를 수치계산법 및 자체 개발한 MFD_View 변환 프로그램, Spline 보정법을 이용하여 데이터를 분석하였고, 자체 개발한 비행정보 획득 프로그램을 이용하여 시간에 따른 로켓의 비행상태를 확인 중에 있다. 차후 로켓의 좌표값을 이용해 지구 자기장의 여러 성분값 및 데이터 처리 결과들을 비교 분석하여 자력계가 차후 발사되는 로켓의 자세제어에 적합한지 알아볼 예정이다. SIM은 지구 자기장 섭동 현상 관측 및 로켓의 이벤트에 대한 정보를 확인하였다. SIM 데이터는 로켓의 최고 고도가 427㎞밖에 안되어 지구 자기장 섭동 현상을 관측하지 못했으나 로켓의 시간대별 이벤트 현상을 확인할 수 있었다. We describe the result of the two onboard magnetometers of KARI(Korea Aerospace Research Institute)'s sounding rocket. KSR-3, which was launched in November 2002. The KSR-3 magnetometers consist of the fluxgate magnetometer, AIM(Attitude Information Magnetometer) for acquiring the rocket flight attitude information and the search-coil magnetometer, SIM(Scientific Investigation Magnetometer) for the observation of the Earth's magnetic field fluctuations. We acquired 3-axis data of the KSR-3 magnetometer AIM and SIM for 231.4 seconds flight time of science rocket AIM data was analyzed using numerical method, the MFD_View conversion program that we develop independently and Spline method. And we studied the rocket flight attitude information using flight information acquisition program that we developed. The resulting dc magnetic vector field was compared with the IGRF(International Geomagnetic Reference Field). Although SIM could not observe the Earths magnetic field fluctuation, it confirmed the various events of rocket.