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李基誼 圓光大學校大學院 1979 學位論叢 Vol.3 No.-
This study was designed in order to make clear the distribution, effect of climate factors on flowering date, floral organ, flowering habit, fertility, embryo sac formation, pollen germination, and pollen tube elongation in the genus Forsythia. The results obtained were summarized as fol lows: 1. F. koreana was most abundant in its distribution covering the entire country, followed by F. saxatilis, F. ovata, and F. densiflora, F. saxatilis was rather scarce in the middle and northern parts, more in the coastal regions of Jeonra province. 2. The most influencing factor on flowering date was air temperature, the flowering date being more governed by minimum than by the maximum temperature. The flowering date was much earlier in the regions where the average minimum temperature was over 10℃. The temperature in March was the most decisive factor in flowering, followed by those in April, February, and January. On the other hand, the flowering date was not affected by the other factors such as precipitation or the sunshine percentage. 3. F. koreana had yellower flowers, larger flower diameter, shorter stigma and longer filament than the F. saxatilis and F. viridissima. 4. The anther-opening and flowering time in F. koreana and F. saxatilis was from 10:00 A.M. to 13:00 P.M. and F. koreana was about 30 minutes to one hour earlier than F. saxatilis, F. koreana bloomed approximately one week earlier than F. saxatilis, but duration of flowering was about one week shorter. The flowering date of F. viridissima was the latest among the three species. 5. F. viridissima was unusual in its good seed set in the illegitimate combinations and rather lower seed set in the legitimate combination. F. saxatilis. and F. koreana had no seed set in the illegitimate combinations, respectively. 6. The rate of seed set in the legitimate pollination of F. saxatilis × F. koreana and F. saxatilis × F. viridissima varied depending on ther regions; in Chuncheon they had good seed set while in Iri they were poor or none. Even in the same species, there were great differences in fertility depending on the-areas and individuals. 7. Two nuclear embryo sac was formed about one day after pollination in the ovule of F. viridissima, while egg apparatus was completed 10 days after pollination. 8. The embryo sacs of F. saxatilis and F. koreana were degenerated due to the abnormality in the meiosis of megaspore mother cell and most of the nucellus were devoid of embryo sac. Few individuals had normal egg cells and nuclei. 9. Pollen tubes started to grow into the stimatic tissues about 4 to 5 hours after pollination in good seed setting combinations, while in the seedless combinations they stoped to grow into the stigmatic tissues or the tubes tips became split or swallen. 10. The genus Forsythia had bi-nucleate pollen and displayed not stigmatic but stylar inhibition.