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『아서 고든 핌의 이야기』의 범선 항해 용어 번역 연구
홍옥숙,김낙현 21세기영어영문학회 2024 영어영문학21 Vol.37 No.2
Maritime fiction and voyage narratives account for quite a large portion in English literature. However, translation of voyage narratives into Korean has been limited to a few well-known works, and when evaluated, the level of translated versions did not meet expectations. The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket by Edgar Allan Poe, which is set in the era of sailing ships, abounds with nautical terms, and understanding them plays an essential role in the successful translation of the work into Korean. The researchers selected nautical terminology from the English text and compared their translated equivalents in three different Korean versions. The research found diverse cases of inaccurately translated nautical terms. In particular, the fact that cases of inaccurate translation were not concentrated in one text, but appeared across the three versions suggests that nautical terminology is unfamiliar to Korean translators. In order to lay the foundation for better translation, the researchers suggest two strategies. First, building a corpus of nautical terms based on voyage narratives and compiling a standardized dictionary of nautical terminology could help translators in the future. Second, utilizing illustrations of sailing ships showing ship structure, and names of masts and sails could help both translators and readers visually understand unfamiliar terminology.
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홍옥숙 한국문학과종교학회 2014 문학과종교 Vol.19 No.3
영국의 의회혁명 기간 중에 분리주의자의 한 갈래로 나온 퀘이커리즘은 사제나 종교적 의식을 거부하고 여성의 발언을 허용했던 급진적 종파였다. 퀘이커들이 신봉한 내면의 빛은 그리스도로부터 나온 것으로 여겼기에, 교회에서 여성의 발언 역시 내면의 빛에 기초한 예언으로 간주되었다. 이 논문은 퀘이커리즘의 초창기에 쓰여진 여성들의 소책자를 중심으로 여성의 발언권에 대한 옹호를 살펴보고자 한다. 소책자들은 퀘이커리즘에 반대하는 이들에게 자신들의 교리의 정당함을 알리는 동시에 여성들의 발언권에 대한 옹호를 펴고 있다. 소책자는 공통적으로 여성의 발언을 옹호하기 위해 자신을 예언자의 위치에 놓으며, 성경의 구절을 들어 교회의 관습으로 내려온 여성에 대한 침묵의 강요를 반박한다. 발언권에서 남녀의 차별을 없애는 데 주력한 나머지 개인으로서의 여성의 고유한 목소리를 부각시키지 못했다는 문제점은 지적할 수 있으나, 퀘이커 여성들의 소책자는 남성의 전유물로 여겨졌던 문학에서 여성 작가의 활동이 시작되던 17세기의 상황과 궤를 같이 하여 다루어볼 가치가 있다. Quakers, who evolved during the English Civil War period, rejected the role of priests or rituals and allowed the speech of women in their vocal ministry. When women spoke during Quakers’ silent worship, the speech was regarded as prophecy originating in the Inward Light coming from Christ. This article examines some tracts written by Quaker women in the early stage of Quakerism, when the argument for women’s speaking in the church was most strongly heard and discussed. While disseminating Quakerism at home and abroad, Quaker women took up writing tracts to defend their faith as well as women’s right of speech. The common reasoning of these tracts suggests that they were working collectively. While reflecting the tenets of Quakerism, these women referred to the Bible as their ground of rebutting the imposition of woman’s silence, and shared their views in many ways. Granting that they lack personal or autobiographical mentions, these tracts indicate a model case of women’s collective effort to speak out for their right of speech both in the church and in the society.
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상처 입은 심장 : 엠블럼 북과 17세기 전반의 영국시 Emblem Books and the Early 17th-Century British Poetry
홍옥숙 한국문학과종교학회 2003 문학과종교 Vol.8 No.2
An emblem book was a collection of emblems, in which a picture is accompanied with words or a short poem to explain an idea or deliver a lesson, and it was quite popular throughout Europe in the early modern period. The emblem exerted great influence in many areas such as rhetorics, architecture, paintings, and even embroidery due to its unique combination of the visual and the verbal. It started as a collection of philosophical lessons and epigrams with a visual design at first, and soon became a cultural phenomenon in the early 17th century Europe. Some emblem books, published by the Jesuits on the Continent, adopted the imagery of the heart, which had been used in both secular love poetry and sacred literature, to depict religious themes. Emblem books began to be translated into English or their pictorial design were introduced to England even before translation of the books in the first half of the 17th century. The 17th-century British poetry may be best characterized by its variety ranging from meditative religious and metaphysical poets to lively cavalier poets. However, the emblem of the heart seems to help us survey diverse themes of the period. Poets of the 17th century England found the emblem of the heart a useful device for their religious poems as well as for sacred poems. They also parodied the emblem. Emblem book writers and poets influenced each other, by creating emblems and poems which resembled each other.
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홍옥숙 한국해양대학교 세계해양발전연구소 2017 세계해양발전연구 Vol.26 No.-
The meaning of Herman Melville’s Moby-Dick, or the Whale has long been misunderstood because of its characteristic writing style that repeatedly goes astray from the main ‘plot’ of Ahab pursuing the white whale. While its surface story follows Ahab’s pursuit of Moby-Dick and their ultimate showdown, Moby-Dick can also be read as Ishmael’s psychological voyage or exploration into the meaning of the white whale. Firstly, the article attempts to interpret the white whale as an object of the sublime, which causes the feeling of awe and fear. Then the ambiguity of the whale that defies a simple interpretation is attributed to the whiteness. Moreover, Ishmael, the narrator of the novel enlists all kinds of white things that evoke the feeling of fear and concludes that the while whale is the source of fear because it reminds us of death. Secondly, the whiteness of the whale can be explained by Lacan’s concept of the real. The white whale becomes a signifier whose meaning is not fixed but literally floating on the sea. Moby-dick cannot be defined by words because he does not belong to the symbolic order and instead reveals its lack. When Ahab presupposes Moby-Dick as an evil, he cannot avoid death. However, Ishmael’s exploration allows him to be more open to what Moby-Dick signifies. When the Pequod is sunk, Ishmael alone is saved after floating on Queequeg’s coffin as a life-buoy. Only after “a deep dive” into the water, Ishmael is able to escape the fear of the white whale and admit the connection between life and death.
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