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      • KCI등재

        조선후기 왕릉 정자각의 풍판부 용어와 구조의 변화

        이상명,Lee, Sang-Myeong 한국건축역사학회 2017 건축역사연구 Vol.26 No.1

        The purpose of this study is to comprehend the change of the terms and the structure of the Pungpanbu in the T-shaped wooden shrines in the later Joseon period through the Salleung-dogamuigwes. Following conclusions have been reached through the study. First, the terms in the Salleung-dogamuigwes were similar to Yeonggeon-dogamuigwes but timing difference was verified. The word about the frame of Pungpanbu was different from the current. Second, in accordance with the extended of Pungpanbu, the members of frame of Pungpanbu had been increased and it had been changed to the lattice. The members of Pungpanbu used as plan dimensions and the size of the members had been gradually increased. Third, the Pungpanbu had been extended to protect the side of T-shaped wooden shrines. At the same time, the range of Chukjungbang had been extended. This was the result of the efforts of the era to reduce the range of plaster. This affected the overall elevation change of T-shaped wooden shrines.

      • KCI등재후보

        내장형 저항 기판의 신뢰성과 TCR 개선을 위한 후막 저항 페이스트에 관한 연구

        이상명,유명재,박성대,강남기,남산,Lee, S.M.,Yoo, M.J.,Park, S.D.,Kang, N.K.,Nam, S. 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2008 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.15 No.1

        전자 부품의 소형화 요구에 따라서 기존 기판의 상부에 실장 되는 저항 소자를 감소하기 위한 방안으로 후막 저항 페이스트를 인쇄하여 저항체를 형성 한 후에 내장하는 수동소자 내장기술이 활발히 연구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 카본 블랙과 에폭시 수지를 혼합하여 $0.35{\sim}4k{\Omega}/sq$으로 넓은 저항 범위를 가지는 저온 열경화형 후막 저항 페이스트를 제작하였으며, Ni-Cr alloy와 $SiO_2$ 분말을 첨가하여 온도에 따른 저항 변화인 TCR(Temperature Coefficient Resistivity) 값을 $100ppm/^{\circ}C$으로 개선하였다. 최종적으로 제작된 저항 페이스트를 이용하여 내장 저항 기판을 제작하였으며 온도에 변화에 따른 안정적인 저항 특성과 신뢰성을 확보 할 수 있었다. Due to the increasing need for miniaturization of electronic device, embedded resistor technology using thick film resistance paste to embed resistors currently mounted on the board thus effectively reducing board size, is being extensively researched. In this research, thick film resistor paste having $0.35{\sim}4k{\Omega}/sq$ range of resistivity were fabricated using mixtures of carbon black and epoxy resin. In order to adjust the TCR (temperature coefficient resistivity), TCR modifiers such as Ni-Cr alloy, $SiO_2$ powder were added and were able to improve on TCR value with $100ppm/^{\circ}C$. Finally embedded resistor board using thick film resistance paste were fabricated. Stable resistivity value and reliability results were achieved.

      • KCI등재

        신라 목조건축물의 가구식기단 연구-수미좌식(須彌座式) 기단의 출현과 전개 양상을 중심으로-

        이상명 한국건축역사학회 2019 건축역사연구 Vol.28 No.5

        This study covered the features and development process of the stylobate of the Sumijwa style, which emerged in Silla around the late 7th century. In the Period of North and South Dynasties, Sumijwa was used as the seat of the Buddha. It was used as a stylobate of tower in the Sui Dynasty and as a stylobate of central buildings in the Tang Dynasty, raising the status of buildings. In the late 7th century, Silla faithfully embodied Buddhist view of the world under its architecture by accepting the latest stylobate of the Sumijwa style. The pagoda of Hwangnyongsa Temple is believed to be the beginning of the stylobate of the Sumijwa style, in Silla. Gradually, in the central buildings within the capital, the stylobate of the Sumijwa style became common. Starting with Bulguksa Temple's Daeungjeon Hall, the materials of stylobate and staircaes will be integrated from the late 8th century. Silla's stylobate of the Sumijwa style can be evaluated as a step-by-step leap in religious, political, technical and aesthetic's terms. 본 연구는 7세기 후반 무렵 신라에 출현한 수미좌식 기단의 특징과 전개과정에 대해 다루었다. 중국의 고대 기단의 유형과 수미좌식의 변천과정을 살펴보고, 현존 신라의 기단 유구를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론에 이르게 되었다. 남북조시기 불교 전래에 함께 들어온 수미좌는 불상의 좌대에서 수대에 불탑 기단으로, 당대에는 중심 전각의 기단으로 쓰이면서 건축물의 위상을 높였다. 7세기 후반 무렵 당의 선진 문물 수입에 적극적이었던 신라는 최신 수미좌식 기단을 수용하여 불교적 세계관을 건축물 하부에 충실하게 구현해 냈다. 이는 7세기 경쟁국가였던 백제의 가구식기단보다 위계가 높은 것으로, 후발 주자였던 신라의 국격 신장을 상징적으로 표현한 것으로 이해할 수 있다. 황룡사 목탑은 신라 수미좌식 기단의 시초로 여겨진다. 신라왕경의 랜드마크인 9층목탑의 수미좌식 기단은 신라 건축의 모본으로 작용한 것으로 보이며, 점차 왕경 내 내 중심전각에는 수미좌식 기단이 일반화 되었다. 사찰뿐만 아니라 궁궐, 왕릉 등 국가적인 건축물로 수미좌식 기단이 확대되었다. 신라왕경을 벗어나 백제 고토까지 이어지지만 정밀한 설계와 까다로운 시공이 요구됨에 따라, 왕실 후원이 미치는 지역에서만 제한적으로 사용되었다. 수미좌 형식의 조형적 모티브는 기단 외에도 석탑, 석등, 부도 등 석조물의 하부 표현 기법으로 확대되었다. 불국사 대웅전 기단을 정점으로 8세기 후반부터 탱주와 면석, 계단의 부재가 일체화되면서 석조 본연의 구법으로 기술적인 측면에서 다음 단계 나아가는데, 이는 당시 신라 석조 건축에 전반적인 흐름과 궤를 같이 한다. 신라의 수미좌식 기단은 정치적, 기술적, 의장적 측면에서 석조건축 자체를 한 단계 도약시킨 것으로 평가할 수 있다. 기존의 가구식기단으로 분류되던 신라의 기단을 불교적 세계관을 건축적으로 표현한 수미좌 형식이라는 틀에서 새롭게 해석한 점은 본 논문의 의의라고 할 수 있다.

      • KCI등재

        지방소멸대응과 국가균형발전을 위한 법정책적 방향

        이상명 한양법학회 2023 漢陽法學 Vol.34 No.3

        Korea is facing a crisis of local extinction due to low birth rates and concenration in the metropolitan area. Based on 228 cities and counties nationwide, the number of areas at risk of disappearance was 33 in 2005, but increased to 106 in 2021. During the period from 1975 to 2015, the proportion of the population of counties in the country decreased sharply from 25.1% to 8.3%, and most counties have already entered the extinction risk stage. In the last three years, 25 high-risk districts increased. Accordingly, in November 2021, the government jointly announced the 'Preemptive Response Plan for Local Disappearance', and as detailed plans, establishment of a basis for promotion of trans-regional cooperation, fostering of growth bases for the influx of human resources and jobs, and creation of living bases to improve the quality of life , establishment of a regionally led/centralized support promotion system, and support for strengthening regional policy execution capabilities were suggested. However, for over a year, no significant results have been achieved. In this article, the constitution and legal regulations for coping with local extinction and balanced national development, followed by policies and overseas cases were reviewed, and then the direction of supplementary policies was suggested. Local extinction is not a local problem, but a national problem. Furthermore, it is the value that the Constitution aims to promote equal opportunities for development among regions and to promote the self-reliant development capacity of regions to improve the quality of life and promote sustainable development to realize a society where all people live well with their own individuality. Young people who have not been able to find quality jobs and opportunities in the provinces are flocking to the metropolitan area in search of opportunities, but the reality is that they cannot afford marriage or childbirth because they cannot afford expensive housing. Seoul's total fertility rate, which stood at 0.59 last year, represents this. Conversely, if there are jobs and opportunities comparable to those in the metropolitan area in a community with low housing costs, and if the quality of life of local residents improves through balanced regional development, the problem of local extinction can be solved to some extent. As long as the opportunity imbalance between the metropolitan area and the provinces is maintained, population decline in the provinces cannot be prevented, so resolving the population concentration in the metropolitan area should be a priority for population measures. Now, it is necessary to change the perception from how to increase the population to how to improve the quality of life of the residents. It is necessary to ensure a sufficient quality of life no matter where you live in the country by narrowing the regional gap in living infrastructure such as jobs, housing, education, childcare, medical care, and culture. Since the biggest cause of local extinction is the outflow of young people, support for young people and low birth rates is important to prevent local extinction, but it is necessary to approach welfare issues in the life cycle leading to local children, young people, middle-aged and elderly people.

      • KCI등재

        소나무에서 소나무재선충 예방 수간주입용 약제의 소나무재선충에 대한 효과와 지속성

        이상명,정영학,김동수,이동운 한국농약과학회 2023 농약과학회지 Vol.27 No.3

        Trunk injection is the most commonly used method to prevent infection with the pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Various nematicides are registered and used as trunk injection, and the nematicides are registered after evaluating the inhibitory effect on the PWN in the same year of trunk injection. Even pesticides with the same ingredients may show differences in effectiveness depending on the formulation or composition of adjuvants. Therefore, in this study, the nematicidal activity and residual amount of the nematicides injected into trees for the control of PWNs were investigated for 2 years. In the first year of injection of the trunk, the control effect against PWN was over 90% in both abamectin or emamectin benzoate single and mixed agent treatment, but in the second year, the control value was less than 90% depending on the formulation and product. Partial abortion of needles occurred mainly in the second year in the abamectin-treated group. The residual amount of the injected nematicide also differed depending on the formulation or product, but samples below the limit of quantification occurred only in the abamectin-treated group. Most of the nematicides previously registered as PWN preventive trunk injections were confirmed to have inhibitory effects on PWNs for 2 years. Therefore, it is suggested that the standard time point for investigating the effects of trunk injections for the prevention of PWNs be carried out in the second year of nematicide treatment in the future.

      • KCI등재

        LTCC 내장형 미세 라인 인덕터 구현을 위한 감광성 Ag Paste 조성에 관한 연구

        이상명,이우성,강남기,남산,박성대,유명재 한국세라믹학회 2007 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.44 No.3

        Line width under 100 μm with good resolution is difficult to achieve using conventional thick-film process utilizing screen printing method. However, combined with lithography technology finer line and space for miniaturization and highly integrated package is achievable. In this study, photosensitive Ag paste of optimum formulation used for thick film lithography technology was fabricated by various Ag powder, glass powder and additives. As the result, line width of 30 μm with good definition and reduced mismatch during co-firing with LTCC substrate was acquired. Formulated Ag paste was used to pattern embedded fine line inductor with over 90% yield

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