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목격자의 범인식별 절차에서 식별 전 지시와 순차적 제시방식 유형에 따른 식별 정확성
우소연,조은경 한국사회및성격심리학회 2012 한국심리학회지 사회 및 성격 Vol.26 No.4
Eyewitness testimony often plays an important role in criminal justice system. As evidenced by some documented cases of wrongful convictions based on eyewitness identification errors, there are a serious eyewitness identification problems that need to be corrected. Eyewitness may identify a culprit through a series of identification procedures, and most research has suggested that the sequential presentation of photospread that shows a witness limeup members at a time is a better method than simultaneous presentation of photospread in which all lineup members are presented at the same time. However, sequential lineup may tend to commit more false rejection errors in culprit present condition, whereas less false identification error in culprit absent condition. The purpose of this study is to clarify false rejection in sequential lineup procedure and to identify effects of the factors on witness identification accuracy. Also, we studied the effects of lineup instruction by sequential presentation type on witness identification accuracy. In this study 180 undergraduate students participated in a 3(types of sequential lineup: immediate decision with stopping rule, immediate decision without stopping rule, final decision without stopping rule)✕2(lineup instructions: biased, unbiased)✕2(culprit: present, absent) between subject experiment. The experiment procedure is that experimenter show a subject criminal video clip and ask the subject to perform identification procedure. The results of this study present that sequential procedure in which eyewitnesses are allowed to make a final decision without stopping rule could reduce false rejection errors,while maintaining high identification accuracy. Limitations and implications of this study were discussed. 본 연구의 목적은 순차적 제시방식에서 식별률을 낮추는 요인들이 무엇인지 살펴보고, 이 요인들의 유무에 따라서 목격자의 식별 정확성에 차이가 나타나는지를 확인하고자 하였다. 아울러 식별절차를 수행하기 전 식별 전 지시에 따라서도 순차적 제시방식 유형의 식별 정확성에 차이가 나타나는지를 확인하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 실험은 피험자간 설계로 순차적 제시방식의 즉시 판단규칙과 정지 규칙의 유무, 식별 전 지시의 편향 지시와 비편향 지시, 사진열 중 실제 범인의 존재 여부에 따라서 조건별로 할당하였다. 실험 참가자들은 범죄 사건을 촬영한 동영상을 시청한 후 범인식별 절차를 거쳤다. 연구 결과는 사진열에 실제 범인이 존재하는 조건에서 즉시 판단을 하지 않고 정지규칙을 적용하지 않는 조건이 두 규칙을 적용한 다른 조건보다 더 높은 식별 정확성을 나타내었다. 실제 범인이 존재하지 않는 조건에서는 순차적 제시방식에 따른 식별 정확성의 차이가 없었다. 식별 전 지시에 따라 순차적 제시방식의 식별 정확성에는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 높은 식별 정확성을 유지하면서 오기각률을 감소시킬 수 있는 대안적인 라인업의 필요성을 제언하였고, 연구의 의의와 목격자 식별 절차와 관련한 정책적 함의는 이후 논의하였다.
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우소연 대한미생물학회 2014 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.44 No.1
Angiostatin is derived from enzymatic degradation of plasminogen and it has endogenous anti-angiogenic properties. Although tumor cells, macrophages, platelets, and neutrophils generate high amount of angiostatin, its expression is increased in inflammatory conditions. Moreover, angiostatin binds to integrin αvβ3, ATP synthase, and angiomotin, which expressed on neutrophils. Activated neutrophils are essential to innate immune response, but also cause tissue damage through production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increase lifespan. In this article, it suggests several mechanism of angiostatin as immune regulator for neutrophils in inflammatory conditions; complex with integrin αvβ3 and F1F0 ATP synthase on lipid raft, attenuate polarization, and ROS production. These data provide possible exploit of double-edged role of neutrophils in acute inflammatory pathologies to preserve beneficial effect and minimize tissue damage.
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우소연,박혜경,Gail A. Bishop 대한면역학회 2004 Immune Network Vol.4 No.3
Background: CD27 is recently known as a memory B cell marker and is mainly expressed in activated T cells, some B cell population and NK cells. CD27 is a member of tumor necrosis factor receptor family. Like CD40 molecule, CD27 has (P/S/T/A) X(Q/E)E motif for interacting with TNF receptor-associated factors (TRAFs), and TRAF2 and TRAF5 bindings to CD27 in 293T cells were reported. Methods: To investigate the CD27 signaling effect in B cells, human CD40 extracellular domain containing mouse CD27 cytoplamic domain construct (hCD40-mCD27) was transfected into mouse B cell line CH12.LX and M12.4.1. Results: Through the stimulation of hCD40-mCD27 molecule via anti-human CD40 antibody or CD154 ligation, expression of CD11a, CD23, CD54, CD70 and CD80 were increased and secretion of IgM was induced, which were comparable to the effect of CD40 stimulation. TRAF2 and TRAF3 were recruited into lipid-enriched membrane raft and were bound to CD27 in M12.4.1 cells. CD27 stimulation, however, did not increase TRAF2 or TRAF3 degradation. Conclusion: In contrast to CD40 signaling pathway, TRAF2 and TRAF3 degradation was not observed after CD27 stimulation and it might contribute to prolonged B cell activation through CD27 signaling. (Immune Network 2004;4(3):143-154)
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Oral Tolerance Increased the Proportion of CD8+ T Cells in Mouse Intestinal Lamina Propria
우소연,조경아,차제은 대한면역학회 2008 Immune Network Vol.8 No.2
Background: Oral tolerance is defined by the inhibition of immune responsiveness to a protein previously exposed via the oral route. Protein antigens exposed via the oral route can be absorbed through the mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract and can make physical contact with immune cells residing in the intestinal lamina propria (LP). However, the mechanisms of oral tolerance and immune regulation in the intestines currently remain to be clearly elucidated. Methods: In order to determine the effect of oral protein antigen intake (ovalbumin, OVA) on the intestinal LP, we assessed the expression profile of the T cell receptor and the co-receptors on the cells from the intestines of the tolerant and immune mouse groups. Results: We determined that the proportion of OVA-specific B cells and γδ T cells had decreased, but the CD8αβ and CD8αα T cells were increased in the LP from the tolerant group. The proportion of CD8+ T cells in the spleen did not evidence any significant differences between treatment groups. Conclusion: These results indicate that CD8+ T cells in the intestinal LP may perform a regulatory role following antigen challenge via the oral route.
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우소연 대한미생물학회 2012 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.42 No.2
Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cells in the peripheral blood and have long been recognized as the major phagocytes in acute infection by destroying extracellular pathogens. Although research on neutrophils hampered by intractability in the experiments, the newly discovered effector functions of neutrophils includes granular proteins,and cytokines, extracellular traps. With all effector mechanism neutrophils play a critical role in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic infection, autoimmunity and cancer.
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