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마이크로 컴퓨터를 이용한 多品種 少量生産 시스템의 전산화 事例
宋漢植 東亞大學校經營問題硏究所 1984 經營論叢 Vol.7 No.-
This paper showed the application of Micrcomputers(IBM-PC compatibles) to (ⅰ) the order entry and delivery data processings, (ⅱ) stock items keeping and inquiry, and (ⅲ) grouping the ordered items by their specifications or by their raw materials requirements in the custom products job shop or batch process systems. TAEKWANG BEND IND. CO. which produces bends products were the real example of this applocation study. Bends are specified by their shape(item name), types, schedules, sizes and raw materials, and ordeed items are specified by their custom name, order no, p. o. no. duedates,, and other remarks. In this company, above (ⅰ), (ⅱ), and (ⅲ) were serious problems because of its diversity of products and of its complexity of order entry and delivery processings. Thus it has been tried to develop the EDP systems for those problems by using an IBM-PC compatible computers. EDP system development was through the several stages: system analysis, system design, data base system design, program development and installment. For the easiness of system development, dBASE Ⅱ from Ashton-Tate was used. dBASE Ⅱ is relational data base management systems which is easy and powerful in system design and program development. Program was developed as menu driven system so as to perform the task by choosing proper options. Computer system was made up of main body, 10 mega byte hard disk, and printer as microcomputer system. Now days, because of continuous falling of hardware prices, it is better to computerize the daily transactions and to support the plan and control of the custom-products job shop or batch systems by using the micro level computers.
不良損失을 고려한 多段階 로트生産의 生産스케줄 樹立에 관한 硏究 : 신발類 製造業體를 實例로 in a Case of Shoes Production
宋漢植 東亞大學校 大學院 1984 大學院論文集 Vol.9 No.-
The competitive strategy of an organization is represented by its policies with respect to the marketplace and its competitors; four major competitive weapons are cost, quality, availability and flexibility. For intermittent system, when the quality and flexibility are almost equal among competitors, cost and availability are critical factors to have advantage over other competitors. Intermittent system has two important characteristics regarding availability and cost. One is learning curve phenomenon and the other is scrap factor in production process. So, in this paper a model which finds the efficiency of system is proposed to represent competitive power from availability and cost which are under the influence of learning curve phenomenon and scrap factor. Especially, scrap factor is the cause of delay of order delivery and increase of cost and resulted in the deterioration of productivity. On the other hand learning, curve phenomenon in production process of one kind of item reduces the production time and costs. So, this paper has the idea to represent opportunity cost of waiting time of order and defective losses into profitability of system under certain scheduling rule. Besides profitability, average number of waiting orders and average waiting time of an order are considered as systems efficiency. To find profitability as profit per systems hour, the difficulty lies in to find out the waiting time of orders. Two methods are considered. One is by analytic queueing M/G/m model or Level Cross Analysis model. The other is Simulation model. Queueing model is difficult to accommodate practical real requirements into theoretical model and to expand mathematically. So, Simulation model is constructed. The imput variables are learning curve percentage (R), defective rate (p), set-up time (UP), rate of return (r), prices (P), raw material and labor costs (C), and feedback probability (d) to complete scrap deficiency. When these input variables are given, the simulation model finds the profitability, idle time of facilities, average number of waiting order (N), average waiting time (W),etc. Through numerical example of shoes production case, it was found out that scrap factor has severe influence on profitability than expected, and average number of waiting order was greatly influenced by systems utilization factor (ρ) and average waiting time was consistently stabled through the experiment. In addition, if we have practical past history of order arrival and order size, these data can be used to generate order arrival data, we can get profitability and other important systems characteristics which give some important information about the operation of intermittent productive system such as order processing rule or scheduling priority rule.
송한식 東亞大學校 1998 東亞論叢 Vol.35 No.-
This study concerns the dichotomies in manufacturing work: industrial manufacturing work and postindustrial manufacturing work. Industrial manufacturing work consists of making, moving, inspecting, loading and unloading. However postindustrial manufacturing work includes flew product design, research and development, and programming computer aided manufacturing machines. Four industrial manufacturing systems were visited as for case studies to analyze the dichotomies of work: pin manufacturing system, embroidering manufacturing, shoe making, and casting manufacturing system. The dichotomies in work were investigated in the respect of input/output of work, necessary work capabilities. and work duplication, work substitution. Also several issues from the dichotomies of work were distinguished such as social and economical issues, and individual, company, and governmental issues were investigated.
OR/MS의 스프레드시트 모형화의 장단점과 문제점 : Its Advantages and Disadvantages
송한식 동아대학교 경영대학 2001 經營硏究 Vol.- No.14
This study figured out the advantages and disadvantages of modeling with spreadsheet tools. It compared with LINDO with reasonable size of LP problems. There were 6 advantages. 1. Problem description and problem modeling can be done on the same spreadsheet. But it can not be done on LINDO. 2. Spreadsheet modeling helps communications among the users in conrcern by using the same tool. 3. Spreadsheet modeling helps understanding and expression of the problem. 4. Spreadsheet modeling is easy to accomodate multistage implicit relations in problem. 5. Secondary analysis on the sensitivity reports can be done on the same spreadsheet. 6. It can use macros for further analysis and model utilization. However, spreadsheet model is hard to verify its modeling. Mistranslation of the Solver terminologies into Korean causes serious differences between text books and spreadsheet modeling words such as 'Target Cell' and 'Objective Cell'.
宋漢植 東亞大學校 大學院 1989 大學院論文集 Vol.14 No.-
Constructing an optimal decision tree for a given decision table is an NP-Complete problem. A search algorithm for general graph searching problem has been applied to the decision tree construction problem. An estimation function h in the A( )search has been defined by using entropy of the set of unknown elements. The difficulties of the A( )search in decision tree construction have been found : the correlation of testing variables, and the fact that entropy reduction by testing a variable may be less than 1.0 The idea of new estimation function has been introduced to overcome the NP-Complete obstacles : the estimation function must reflect both the correlations among variables and the entropies of test variables. The conditions of estimation function are specified in order for the A( )search to be an"efficient" algorithm. To find out such a new estimation function is claimed to be a clue to the answer to the question of NP=P.
석유화학플랜트 내 밀폐공간 작업장의 IoT기술 기반 안전모니터링시스템 개발
송한식,김준호,전진우 한국산학기술학회 2024 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.25 No.7
본 논문은 석유화학 플랜트에서의 밀폐공간 작업장의 IoT 기술 기반 안전모니링시스템의 설계 및 구현에 관한연구이다. 밀폐공간 작업 관련 질식 재해는 최근 10년간 감소하지 않고 지속적으로 발생하고 있으며, 총 196건의 사고발생에 따른 치명율은 47.4%로 나타났다. 특히 석유화학 플랜트는 반응기, 반응탑, 저장탱크, 화학물질이 포함된 폐수처리시설 등 밀폐공간 작업 시 많은 위험 요소를 포함하고 있어 효과적이고 안정적인 안전 작업 관리시스템의 도입이 요구되어진다. 따라서, 제안된 시스템은 IoT 센서, 유무선 복합 통신 네트워크, 이동형 CCTV 및 AI 영상분석 기술 등을활용하여 밀폐된 공간 내의 작업 조건을 모니터링하고 분석하고자 한다. 본 시스템은 밀폐공간 작업 시 유해 가스 감지, 작업자 위험 행동 등 이상 상황 발생 시 즉시 알람을 발령하고, 안전관리자 및 감독자가 신속히 대응할 수 있도록 지원한다. 본 연구에서 개발한 IoT 기반의 안전모니터링시스템은 석유화학 플랜트 현장을 대상으로 한 스마트 안전 기술 모델로서 재해 예방에 기여할 것으로 기대한다. This paper presents the design and implementation of an IoT-based safety monitoring system for confined spaces in petrochemical plants. Confined space-related asphyxiation has persisted over the past decade, with a total of 196 incidents resulting in a fatality rate of 47.4%. Petrochemical plants in particular contain numerous hazards in confined spaces, including reactors, reaction towers, storage tanks, and chemical-laden wastewater treatment facilities, necessitating the introduction of an effective and reliable safety management system. The proposed system employs IoT sensors, a hybrid wired/wireless communications network, mobile CCTV, and AI video analysis technology to monitor and analyze working conditions within confined spaces. The system promptly issues alerts during abnormal situations such as the detection of hazardous gases or risky worker behavior, thereby helping safety managers and supervisors respond swiftly. The IoT-based safety monitoring system developed in this study is expected to contribute a smart safety technology model to use in petrochemical plant sites for disaster prevention.
송한식,최민철 강원대학교 경영경제연구소 2018 Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Vol.9 No.4
This study has investigated Linear Programming (LP) applications to special decision makingproblems in managerial accounting with the help of spreadsheet Solver tools. It uses scenarioapproaches to case examples having three products and three resources in make-and-supplybusiness operations, which is applicable to cases having more variables and constraints. IntegerProgrammings (IP) are applied in order to model situations when products are better valued ininteger values or logical constraints are required. Three cases in one-time-only special orderdecisions include Goal Programming approach, Knapsack problems with 0/1 selections, andfixed-charge 0/1 integer modelling techniques for set-up operation costs. For the decisions inoutsourcing problems, opportunity-costs of resources expressed by shadow-prices areconsidered to determine their precise contributions. It has also shown that the improvement inwork-shop operation for an unprofitable product must overcome its ‘reduced cost’ by the sumof direct manufacturing cost savings and its shadow-price contributions. This paper hasdemonstrated how various real situations of special decision problem in managerial accountingcan be approached without mistakes by using LP’s and IP’s, and how students both inaccounting and management science can acquire LP skills in their education.