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Jehan Alam,백금진,최윤식,김용철,최영님 대한치주과학회 2014 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.44 No.6
Purpose: We previously reported that human serum significantly reduces the invasion ofvarious oral bacterial species into gingival epithelial cells in vitro. The aims of the presentstudy were to characterize the serum component(s) responsible for the inhibition of bacterialinvasion of epithelial cells and to examine their effect on periodontitis induced in mice. Methods: Immortalized human gingival epithelial (HOK-16B) cells were infected with various5- (and 6-) carboxy-fluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester-labeled oral bacteria, includingFusobacterium nucleatum, Provetella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, andTreponiema denticola, in the absence or presence of three major serum components (humanserum albumin [HSA], pooled human IgG [phIgG] and α1-antitrypsin). Bacterial adhesionand invasion were determined by flow cytometry. The levels of intracellular reactiveoxygen species (ROS) and activation of small GTPases were examined. Experimental periodontitiswas induced by oral inoculation of P. gingivalis and T. denticola in Balb/c mice. Results: HSA and phIgG, but not α1-antitrypsin, efficiently inhibited the invasion of variousoral bacterial species into HOK-16B cells. HSA but not phIgG decreased the adhesion ofF. nucleatum onto host cells and the levels of intracellular ROS in HOK-16B cells. N-acetylcysteine(NAC), a ROS scavenger, decreased both the levels of intracellular ROS and invasionof F. nucleatum into HOK-16B cells, confirming the role of ROS in bacterial invasion. Infection with F. nucleatum activated Rac1, a regulator of actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Not only HSA and NAC but also phIgG decreased the F. nucleatum-induced activation ofRac1. Furthermore, both HSA plus phIgG and NAC significantly reduced the alveolar boneloss in the experimental periodontitis induced by P. gingivalis and T. denticola in mice. Conclusions: NAC and the serum components HSA and phIgG, which inhibit bacterial invasionof oral epithelial cells in vitro, can successfully prevent experimental periodontitis.
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