부산지역 PM₁₀, PM_2.5 일평균에 의한 호흡기 및 심혈관질환 초과위험도 분포

도우곤,정우식,Do, Woo-gon,Jung, Woo-sik 한국환경과학회 2021 한국환경과학회지 Vol.30 No.7

To analyze the effects of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 on daily mortality cases, the relations of death counts from natural causes, respiratory diseases, and cardiovascular diseases with PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 concentrations were applied to the generalized additive model (GAM) in this study. From the coefficients of the GAM model, the excessive mortality risks due to an increase of 10 ㎍/m³ in daily mean PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 for each cause were calculated. The excessive risks of deaths from natural causes, respiratory diseases, and cardiovascular diseases were 0.64%, 1.69%, and 1.16%, respectively, owing to PM₁₀ increase and 0.42%, 2.80%, and 0.91%, respectively, owing to PM_2.5 increase. Our result showed that particulate matter posed a greater risk of death from respiratory diseases and is consistent with the cases in Europe and China. The regional distribution of excessive risk of death is 0.24%-0.81%, 0.34%-2.6%, and 0.62%-1.94% from natural causes, respiratory diseases, and cardiovascular diseases, respectively, owing to PM₁₀ increase, and 0.14%-1.02%, 1.07%-3.92%, and 0.22%-1.73% from natural causes, respiratory diseases, and cardiovascular diseases, respectively, owing to PM_2.5 increase. Our results represented a different aspect from the regional concentration distributions. Thus, we saw that the concentration distributions of air pollutants differ from the affected areas and identified the need for a policy to reduce damage rather than reduce concentrations.

PSCF 모델을 활용한 부산지역 PM10의 발생원 추정

도우곤 ( Woo Gon Do ),정우식 ( Woo Sik Jung ) 한국환경과학회 2015 한국환경과학회지 Vol.24 No.6

The purpose of this study is to find out the air flow patterns affecting the PM10 concentration in Busan and the potential sources within each trajectory pattern. The synoptic air flow trajectories are classified into four clusters by HYSPLIT model and the potential sources of PM10 are estimated by PSCF model for each cluster from 2008 to 2012. The potential source locations of PM10 are compared with the distribution of PM10 anthropogenic emissions in east Asia developed in 2006 for the NASA INTEX-B mission. The annual mean concentrations of PM10 in Busan decreased from 51 ug/m3 in 2008 to 43 ug/m3 in2012. The monthly mean concentrations of PM10 were high during a spring season, March to May and low during a summer season, August and September. The cluster2 composed of the air trajectories from the eastern China to Busan through the west sea showed the highest frequency, 44 %. The cluster1 composed of the air trajectories from the inner Mongolia region to Busan through the northeast area of China showed the second high frequency, 26 %. The cluster3 and 4 were composed of the trajectories originated in the southeast sea and the east sea of Busan respectively and showed low frequencies. The concentrations of in each cluster were 47 ug/m3 in cluster1, 56 ug/m3 in cluster2, 42 ug/m3 in cluster3 and 37 ug/m3 in cluster4. From these results, it was proved that the cluster1 and 2 composed of the trajectories originated in the east and northeast area of China were the causes of high PM10 concentrations in Busan. The results of PSCF and CWT model showed that the potential sources of the high PM10 concentrations were the areas of the around Mongolia and the eastern China having high emissions of PM10 from Beijing, Hebei to Shanghai through Shandong, Jiangsu.

OZIPR을 이용한 부산지역 고농도 오존 사례 모사

도우곤 ( Woo Gon Do ),이화운 ( Hwa Woon Lee ),정우식 ( Woo Sik Jung ) 한국환경과학회 2007 한국환경과학회지 Vol.16 No.8

KZ 필터를 이용한 부산지역 PM10의 장기 추세 분석

도우곤 ( Woo-gon Do ),정우식 ( Woo-sik Jung ) 한국환경과학회 2017 한국환경과학회지 Vol.26 No.2

To determine the effect of air pollution reduction policies, the long-term trend of air pollutants should be analyzed. Kolmogorov-Zurbenko (KZ) filter is a low-pass filter, produced through repeated iterations of a moving average to separate each variable into its temporal components. The moving average for a KZ(m, p) filter is calculated by a filter with window length m and p iterations. The output of the first pass subsequently becomes the input for the next pass. Adjusting the window length and the number of iterations makes it possible to control the filtering of different scales of motion. To break down the daily mean PM10 into individual time components, we assume that the original time series comprises of a long-term trend, seasonal variation, and a short-term component. The short-term component is attributable to weather and short-term fluctuations in precursor emissions, while the seasonal component is a result of changes in the solar angle. The long-term trend results from changes in overall emissions, pollutant transport, climate, policy and/or economics. The long-term trend of the daily mean PM10 decreased sharply from 59.6 ug/m³ in 2002 to 44.6 ug/m³ in 2015. This suggests that there was a long-term downward trend since 2005. The difference between the unadjusted and meteorologically adjusted long-term PM10 is small. Therefore, we can conclude that PM10 is unaffected by the meteorological variables (total insolation, daily mean temperature, daily mean relative humidity, daily mean wind speed, and daily mean local atmospheric pressure) in Busan.

도심 하천 복원에 따른 주변지역 열환경 변화 특성 분석

도우곤 ( Woo-gon Do ),정우식 ( Woo-sik Jung ) 한국환경과학회 2019 한국환경과학회지 Vol.28 No.2

The purpose of this study is to quantitatively analyze the effects of a restoration project on the decrease in the temperature in the surrounding areas. The thermal environment characteristics of the investigation area were analyzed using the meteorological data from the Busanjin Automatic Weather System which is closest to the target area. The terrain data of the modeling domain was constructed using a digital map and the urban spatial information data, and the numerical simulation of the meteorological changes before and after the restoration of the stream was performed using the Envi-met model. The average temperature of the target area in 2016 was 15.2℃ and was higher than that of the suburbs. The monthly mean temperature difference was the highest at 1.1℃ in November and the lowest in June, indicating that the temperatures in the urban areas were high in spring and winter. From the Envi-met modeling results, reductions in temperature due to stream restoration were up to 1.7℃ in winter, and decreased to 3.5℃ in summer. The effect of temperature reduction was seen in the entire region where streams are being restored.

군집분석을 활용한 부산지역 오존, PM₁₀ 측정소의 유사성 분석

도우곤 ( Woo-gon Do ),정우식 ( Woo-sik Jung ) 한국환경과학회 2017 한국환경과학회지 Vol.26 No.8

This study was conducted to determine correlations and similarity between the ozone and PM₁₀ data of 19 air quality monitoring stations in Busan from 2013 to 2016, using correlation and cluster analyses. Ozone concentrations ranged from 0.0278±0.0148 ppm at Gwangbok to 0.0378±0.017 ppm at Taejongdae and were high in suburban areas, such as Yongsuri and Gijang, as well as in coastal areas, such as Jaw, Gwangan, Taejongdae and Noksan. PM₁₀ concentrations ranged from 37.2±25.0 ㎍/㎥ at Gijang to 58.3±32.2 ㎍/㎥ at and Jangrim. PM₁₀ concentrations were high in the west, exceeding the annual ambient air quality standard of 50 ㎍/㎥. Positive correlations were observed for ozone at most stations, ranging from 0.61 between Taejongdae and Sujeong to 0.92 between B㎍ok and Myeongjang. The correlation coefficients of PM₁₀ between stations ranged from 0.62 between Jangrim and Jaw to 0.9 between Gwangbok and Sujeong. Yeonsan, Daeyeon, and Myeongjang were highly correlated with other stations, so they needed to be reviewed for redundancy. Ozone monitoring stations were initially divided into two sections, north-western areas and suburban-coastal areas. The suburban-coastal areas were subsequently divided into three sections. PM ₁₀ monitoring stations were initially divided into western and remaining areas, and then the remaining areas were subsequently divided into three sections.

부산지역 고농도 오존일의 선행 기상 특성 연구

도우곤 ( Woo Gon Do ),정우식 ( Woo Sik Jung ) 한국환경과학회 2015 한국환경과학회지 Vol.24 No.8

Comparing to the other air pollutants like SO2, CO, the number of exceedance of the ozone national ambient air quality standard(NAAQS) and the ozone warning increased recently in Busan. The purpose of this study is to find out the preliminary symptoms for high ozone days in Busan area. In order to find out the preliminary symptoms, the hourly ozone data at air quality monitoring stations and the hourly meterological parameters at Busan regional meteorological 2007 to 2013 were used for the analysis. Averaged daily max ozone concentration was the highest(0.055 ppm) at Noksan and Youngsuri in the ozone season from 2007 to 2013. The horizontal distributions of daily max. ozone including all stations in Busan at high ozone days(the day exceeding 0.1 ppm of ozone concentration at least one station) were classified from two to five clusters by hierarchial cluster analysis. The meteorological variables showing strong correlation with daily max. ozone were the daily mean dew point temperature, averaged total insolation, the daily mean relative humidity and the daily mean cloud amount. And the most frequent levels were 19-23℃ in dew point temperature, 21-24 MJ/m2 in total insolation on the day before, 2.6-3.0 MJ/m2 on the very day, 67-80% in relative humidity and 0-3 in cloud amount.

도시공단지역 복합 악취배출원에서 발생하는 악취물질별 기여율 분석

도우곤(Woo-Gon Do),정우식(Woo-Sik Jung) 한국대기환경학회 2020 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.36 No.3

이동 측정방법을 사용한 부산지역 주요 도로의 대기오염도 조사

도우곤 ( Woo Gon Do ),정우식 ( Woo Sik Jung ),유은철 ( Eun Chul Yoo ),곽진 ( Jin Kwak ) 한국환경과학회 2013 한국환경과학회지 Vol.22 No.9

Mobile sources produce a significant fraction of total anthropogenic emissions in Korea and have harmful effects on air quality. Mobile emissions are intrinsically difficult to estimate due to complicated road networks and variations of traffic volume with location and time. To measure traffic pollutants with high temporal and spatial resolution under real conditions a mobile laboratory was designed. The mobile laboratory provide concentrations of SO2, CO, NO, NO2 and location coordinate value. This approach allowed for pollutant level measurements on many roads within short periods of time. In this study, on-road concentrations of SO2, CO, NO and NO2 were measured using mobile platform measurement along the 25 main roads in Busan to estimate the average air pollution level in short time difference. The measurements were conducted on favorable meteorological days from 2010 to 2012 and the overall concentrations of SO2, CO, NO and NO2 were 0.006, 0.8, 0.182 and 0.055 ppm respectively. The result showed that the concentration of CO, NO and NO2 on road were twice, 18 times and 2.5 times higher than regional air quality monitoring sites mean in same period.

부산지역 도시 열섬의 변화경향 분석 (2006-2010)

도우곤 ( Woo Gon Do ),정우식 ( Woo Sik Jung ) 한국환경과학회 2012 한국환경과학회지 Vol.21 No.8

The annual variations of the urban heat island in Busan is investigated using surface temperature data measured at 3 automatic weather stations(AWSs) for the 5 years period, 2006 to 2010. Similar to previous studies, the intensity of the urban heat island is calculated using the temperature difference between downtown (Busanjin, Dongnae) and suburb (Gijang). The maximum hourly mean urban heat island are 1.4℃ at Busanjin site, 2300LST and 1.6˚℃ at Dongnae site, 2100LST. It occurs more often at Dongnae than Busanjin. Also the maximum hourly mean urban heat island appears in November at both sites. The urban heat island in Busan is stronger in the nighttime than in the daytime and decreases with increasing wind speed, but it is least developed in summer. Also it partly causes the increasement of nighttime PM10 concentration.