유기발광소자를 위한 가교형 정공 수송 재료

김정규 ( Jung Kyu Kim ),육경수 ( Kyoung Soo Yook ) 한국공업화학회 2019 공업화학전망 Vol.22 No.3

차세대 디스플레이 소자로서 상용화된 유기발광소자(OLED)는 현재 진공기반의 증착공정을 통해서 제작되므로 제조공정 비용이 높다. 진공 증착공정을 용액공정으로 교체하면 공정 비용을 크게 절감할 수 있지만, 용액공정으로 다층 박막 구조를 형성하기 어렵다는 문제점이 있다. 다층 구조를 제작할 때 이미 형성된 하부 박막 위에 새로 형성되는 박막이 하부 박막에 영향을 주기 때문이다. 이를 해결하기 위한 방법으로서 용액 공정용 잉크 용매의 내용제성을 증가시켜 상부 박막을 코팅할 때 하부 박막이 용해되거나 손상을 입지 않도록 하는 가교형 소재를 이용한 방법이 있다. 본 원고에서는 OLED 소자를 용액공정으로 제작하기 위한 가교형 정공 수송 재료의 특징과 개발 현황에 대해 소개하고자 한다.

스토리텔링 연구의 현재와 과제-메시지, 수용자, 매체의 효과를 중심으로-

김정규 ( Jung Kyu Kim ) 한국사진학회 2014 AURA Vol.0 No.32

In contemporary society a word of storytelling is very popular using and employed in various fields (e.g., literature, photography, advertising, design etc.). As a one of concept of academic research topics, however, storytelling studies have shown their limitations doing investigations only under the levels of case study, descriptive, rather than explanative or theoretical ones. For researchers in the field of storytelling study, the current study aimed two goals: first, collecting and summarizing the effectiveness of storytelling from various relevant literature (operationalized as dependent variables), and second, suggesting future research directions focusing on message, recipient, and medium separatedly (as independent variables). The discussions of this study could give many storytelling researchers a bit of inspirations for their future investigations. Specific rationale and theoretical explanations are discussed.

운동으로 유도된 근손상이 안정시 대사량과 혈중 카테콜라민 농도에 미치는 영향

김정규(Kim Jung-Kyu),최용철(Choi, Yong-Chul) 한국체육과학회 2014 한국체육과학회지 Vol.23 No.1

The aim of this study was that effect of exercise-induced muscle damage(EIMD) on resting metabolic rate and blood catecholamines concentration. Eight subjects(age 24.4±2.l0 years, Height 176.4±5.80 ㎝, Weight 73.6±8.80 ㎏, % body fat 23.5±3.55 %, VO₂max 5O.9±4.00 ml/㎏/min) were completed three resting metabolic rate(RMR) measurements, one maximal exercise work load test, and one eccentric exercise(downhill running for 30min at -12% grade of treadmill). The blood was collected for assay the creatine kinase(CK) and catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine).<br/> There were significant differences in RMR which were calculated by day, body weight, fat free mass following the EIMD(p<.05). Also there were significant differences in resting oxygen consumption, RER, muscle soreness scale, and blood creatine kinase activity following the EIMD(p<.05). However, there were no significant differences in blood catecholamines(epinephrine and norepinephrine) concentration following the EIMD(p>.05). In conclusion, this study showed that in the presence of exercise-induced muscle damage energy expenditure, expecially resting metabolic rate(RMR) is increased before having muscle damage. The index of muscle damage(creatine kinase) also have related to the RMR after exercise-induced muscle damage. It was suggested that EIMD may be either metabolic or mechanical, or combination of both, depending upon exercise type, intensity and duration and training status. Also we need to study about the mechanism for the oxygen consumption following EDMI with the resonable research tools, such as, hormonal changes and energy substrate utilization.

Yeats 초기시의 이미지

金井圭 ( Kim Jung-kyu ) 현대영미어문학회 1987 현대영미어문학 Vol.5 No.-

When we divide Yeats’s poems into the earlier, middle, and later poems, his earlier poems may be regarded as the poems of the most gorgeous and diverse images and symbols. We can enumerate as the most dominant images and symbols in his early poems: island, tree and bird, and old man. These images reflect themes of the poems, and suggest the thoughts and emotions of ealry Yeats. Besides, they maintain a close relationship with one another. In this regard, it can be argued that the images in the poems of Yeats are explained with the help of other images in his poems. “The Wanderings of Oisin” and Crossways abound in island image, for the major themes of Yeats’s earlier poems are the forgetting and escape from the actual world, and they are products of his dreams and fantasy. The island is the place separated from the real world and it is the symbol of an imagined world. It reflects Yeats’s longing for an ideal world, his sadness toward the real world, his helplessness and weariness. Early Yeats is blind to the actual world and is absorbed in the fictitious world of myth and legends. Though sometimes there is conflict between the ideal and the real, the poet’s attitude inclines sharply toward the ideal. The tree that appears most frequently in the early poems is the Rose. This tree accompanies the most mysterious and multitudinous symbolic concepts in the early poems. It stands for poetic inspiration, mysterious and abstruse spiritual beauty, Ireland, Maud Gonne, and the eternal truth that governs the universe. The tree in the early poems is compared to personality as well. As shown in “The Two Trees”, the ‘holy tree’ symbolizes the harmony of an organism, what Yeats calls Unity of Being, while the ‘broken tree’ symbolizes the destroyed personality, and man’s inclination toward appearance and knowledge. Yeats’s ideal bird is the bird that sings on the tree and fly about in the peaceful nature. The bird in the early poems represents Yeats’s tempera-ment, his sadness toward the real world, and the ideal love. Comparing youth and old age which is one of the main themes of the later poems, “The Wanderings of Oisin” and The Rose discuss in advance a contradictory truth that wisdom comes with bodily decrepitude which early Yeats is very afraid of. The old man is described with the images of tree and bird. The old man symbolized by a ‘broken tree’ or ‘a raven on who wings/Scarcely a feather lingered’ suggests the disharmony of an organism antithetical to Unity of Being.

보행의 역학적 분석과 SPPB 검사를 통한 여성 노인의 전신 진동 운동 효과에 관한 연구

김정규(Kim, Jung-Kyu),양승민(Yang, Seung- Min) 한국체육과학회 2014 한국체육과학회지 Vol.23 No.1

This study investigated the effects of whole body vibration on short physical performance battery(SPPB) score and gait variables in elderly women. men. Twenty elderly women(age 73.5±1.10 years, Height 159.6±2.87 ㎝, Weight 58.5±6.80 ㎏, % body fat 29.7±6.23 %) were completed whole body vibration exercise protocol for 8 weeks. There was significant differences in SPPB score after taking part in whole body vibration exercise protocol for 8 weeks. Also there were significant differences in pace and stride length during walking after taking part in whole body vibration exercise protocol for 8 weeks. In the factor of ankle-joint angle and knee-joint angle, there were significant differences at the LHC. and RHCl after participating in whole body vibration exercise protocol for 8 weeks, respectively. In conclusion, the present study indicated the beneficial effects of whole body vibration exercise to elderly women. It can be play important role in improving the quality of elderly women’s life and enhancing the walking ability. Also whole body vibration exercise was more safer and well tolerated in the elderly. Also further study and more resonable research methods are required to understand the mechanism of whole body vibration exercise

운동전 cooling 처치가 근육 손상과 최대근력에 미치는 영향

김정규(Kim, Jung-Kyu),조규권(Cho, Kyu-Kwon),양승민(Yang, Seung-Min) 한국체육과학회 2012 한국체육과학회지 Vol.21 No.6

The aim of this study was that effect of precooling treatment on muscle damage and maiximal muscle power. Ten subjects(age 22.5±1.25 years, Height 176.3±2.23 cm, Weight 72.4±1.23 kg, body fat 23.5±2.56 %, VO₂max 55.3±2.78 ml/kg/min) performed one 30-min self-paced cycling with three 30 seconds all-out sprints at 10-min intervals with and without lower extremities precooling. Precooling treatment completed two times for 5-min at 10℃ water bath. Peak power output(Watts and Watts/kg) and ratio of fatigue was measured by Wingate test. PSI(physiological stress index) was calculated by rectal temperature and heart rate variables. Blood CK and HSP72 was assayed for evaluating of muscle damage and heat shock. Precooling treatment would increased rectal temperature and the pick power(p<.05). Also precooling was allowed to attenuate the physiological stress index(PSI). There were significant different at the blood creatine kinase in precooling experimental condition(p<.05). In conclusion, it is less well documented how precooling enhances intermittent high-intensity exercise of short duration. It is clear that precooling does allow a greater rate of heat storage, but precooling is probably only beneficial for endurance exercise in warm and humidity condition rather than intermittent or short duration exercise. In response to precooling can alternate in peripheral neural activity occurred to prevent local muscle injury. Further investigation in which changes in multiple physiological systems are assessed systematically are required so that the underlying mechanisms related to the development of fatigue during various exercise intensities, and types such as intermittent high-intensity exercise in normal environment condition.

Chester Step Test를 통한 유산소 능력 추정치의 타당성과 신뢰성 검증

김정규(Kim, Jung-Kyu),양승민(Yang, Seung-Min) 한국체육과학회 2011 한국체육과학회지 Vol.20 No.5

The purpose of this study was to verify the validity and reliability of the Chester Step Test(CST), a sub-maximal test for the prediction of aerobic capacity, when compared to maximal oxygen consumption(VO₂max) measured during a treadmill test. All participants completed VO₂max treadmill test and on separate days, all of subjects completed the CST on two occasions(CST1 & CST2). Subjects were divided by two groups based on their VO₂max level(High aerobic capacity Group; age; 21.2±2.45 yrs, Height; 176.6±1.12 cm, Weight; 74.5±2.34 kg, VO₂max; 53.2±4.65 ml/kg/min; Low aerobic capacity Group; age; 21.5±3.88 yrs, Height; 176.8±2.45 cm, Weight; 78.4±4.77 kg, VO₂max; 40.4±6.77 ml/kg/min). During CST, subjects were required to step on to and a off 30 cm step at a rate set by the metronome beat on a audio cassette. The initial step rate was 15 steps per minute and every 2 minutes the tempo increased by 5 steps per minutes. The subject continued stepping until he reached 80% of their maximum predicted heart rate, or reported a rating of perceived exertion of 15 on the Borg scale, or reached the end of 10-minutes 5 stage test. There was a more higher correlation(r=0.805, p<.0001) between actual VO₂max and CST in the low aerobic capacity group than high aerobic capacity group(r=0.634, p<.001). The test-retest repeatability of CST was showed to be good(Chonbach a =0.92). In conclusion, the reliability of the CST as a field based test to detect improvements in aerobic fitness might be recommended. However, validity of CST to predict an actual VO₂max is questionable in the high level of aerobic capacity group. Futhermore, it is unclear whether or not the current results are applicable to three other recommended step heights.

크로스컨트리 스키 선수들의 고지대 훈련 조건이 최대운동능력과 적혈구 및 헤모글로빈에 미치는 영향

김정규(Kim, Jung-Kyu),이복환(Lee, Bock-Whan),김남정(Kim, Nam-Jung),최용철(Choi, Yong-Chul) 한국체육과학회 2013 한국체육과학회지 Vol.22 No.5

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of differential altitude training on cardiopulmonary function, blood variables in cross country skier. Fifteen well-trained male cross-country skiers were recruited from local high school and university. They usually trained 3-5 hours per day, 6 days per week through year. All subject randomly were assigned in two groups; 1) high altitude training condition, 2) low altitude training condition. In this study, LLTHL experimental condition group, hypoxia environment could play important role in the increase the RBC, Hb and maximal oxygen consumption(VO₂max), and increase the endurance exercise performance in the sea level. In summary, the high altitude winter training seems to being exposed to a hypoxia(low PO₂) to obtain the positive and unique benefits of exercise performance physiological in skier.

Last Poems에 나타난 Yeats의 정치적 주제

김정규 ( Kim¸ Jung-kyu ) 현대영미어문학회 1995 현대영미어문학 Vol.13 No.-

When we say that the poems of Yeats’s are political, they are concerned mainly in literary politics. The political themes in his poems are based on his belief in the creative leading roles of literature and arts, that refined cultivation of literature and arts and their support will surely prevent spiritual corruption of a nation or an age. Just as in the earlier and later poems of his, literature and love are contrasted with politics in his “Last Poems”. Viewed in political terms, his poems are reflection of his discontent with the political reality of Ireland, his disillusionment to the political leaders and Government of Ireland that could not accept his ideals of literary politics, and his recognition that political activity makes life poor and miserable. So, main currents of his political poems are related to dissuasion of political activity. Though Yeats often insists that life and poetry should not have anything to do with both politics and ideology, that is to say that both politics and ideology should be excluded out of the domains of poetry as well as life, we can easily recognize his poetry is, ironically, very political. For his poems imply or contain his discontent with real politics, his hatred of democracy and materialism, his deep interest in aristocracy and eugenics, and his emphasis on the political leadership of Anglo-Irish Protestants. Yeats consistently reveals his political concerns through his poems and especially in his last poems expresses his attraction toward the politics of conservative and heroic powers. In conclusion, it can be said that as revealed in his “Last Poems”, Yeats’s political and literary ideals became fixed respectively as aristocracy and the longing toward a heroic and epical world, because of his firm belief that, in the modem society which respects democracy and materialism but ignores the idealism of literature and arts, man cannot overcome his commonness, impotence, and spiritual corruption.

운동 강도에 따른 혈중 세로토닌과 전염증성 사이토카인 변화에 관한 연구

김정규(Kim, Jung-Kyu) 한국사회체육학회 2015 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.59

The purpose of this study was examine the effects of different exercise intensities on blood serotonin and pro-inflammatory cytokine. There is strong evidence for connection between pro-inflammatory cytokine and depression. Also, imbalance in the production and transmission of serotonin is commonly observed in the central nervous system in major depression. All subjects performed running test at two different kinds of exercise intensities, 50% VO2max and 85% VO2 max, respectively. Blood-sampling was carried out 4 times(rest, end of exercise, 1h post and 4h post exercise) for analysing blood serotonin, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. The results of study showd that the concentrations of serum serotonin, IL-6 and TNF-α were influenced by exercise intensity. So this study indicated that high intensity exercise than low-intensity exercise maybe has more positive effects on a person with depression and exercise intensity could be major factors of influence turnover rate of serotonin and pro-inflammatory cytokine metabolism. In summary, further studies are required to enable more definitive and scientific conclusions, particularly in patients suffering from depression.