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한강수계 달천의 어류상과 물리적 서식지 조건에 관한 연구
허준욱(Jun Wook Hur),강형식(Hyoeng Sik Kang),장민호(Min Ho Jang) 大韓環境工學會 2011 대한환경공학회지 Vol.33 No.8
하천복원과 환경유량을 위한 기초자료를 확립하고자 한강수계중 달천에서 어류상, 군집구조 및 물리적 서식조건을 2008년 9월부터 2009년 11월까지 조사하였다. 5개지점을 선정하여 실시된 어류 채집결과 총 9과 35종 2,089개체가 포획되었으며, 이중 한국고유종은 줄납자루 및 참종개를 포함하는 총 19종(54.3%)이 출현하였다. 출현어종중 개체수 구성비가 가장높은 종은 피라미로 30.3%를 차지하였고, 다음은 쉬리 18.0%, 참갈겨니 13.0 등의 순으로 나타났다. 어류군집은 상류로부터 하류로 내려갈수록 어종수가 증가되는 것으로 나타났으며, 생물다양도는 양호상태를 나타내었다. 집괴분석은 0.63 수준에서 2개의 그룹으로 나누어졌다. 우리나라 대부분 상류하천은 여울과 유수역이 반복되면서 이어지는 형태를 보여주고 있으나, 무분별한 하천사업 및 직강화·수로화 공사로 인해 하천의 서식지 다양성이 계속 감소되고 있는 추세이다. 따라서 생물다양성을 유지하고 생태적 하천복원을 위해서는 각 어종에 대한 물리적 서식 조건을 자세하게 파악하여 서식지 조성에 필요한 노력을 해야 할 것이다. In order to establish fundamental data for stream restoration and environmental flow, we investigated fish fauna, community and physical habitat conditions in the Dal Stream of Han River Basin. Field monitoring including fish sampling was conducted from September 2008 to October 2009. A total number of fish caught in the 5 sites was 2,080 representing 9 families 35 species, and 19 species (54.3%) including Acheilognathus koreensis and Iksookimia koreensis were Korean endemic species during the study period. The most frequently found species in number was pale chub (Zacco platypus, 25.7%, n=632) followed by Coreoleuciscus splendidus (18.0%, n=375) and Z. koreanus (13.0%, n=272). The lower reach of Dal Stream was more abundance of species, high diversity, evenness and richness, and lower dominance index than those of the upper reach. According to the dendrogram established at 0.63 level of similarity rate, sampling stations were divided into 2 groups. Most of upper streams in Korea consist of riffles and runs that are repeatedly followed by another one. However, stream channelization and leveling have caused reduction of habitat diversity. Therefore, it is necessary to make an effort on stream rehabilitation with evaluation of physical habitat condition by indicator species in order to maintain biodiversity and perform ecological restoration.
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허준욱 ( Jun Wook Hur ),강형식 ( Hyoeng Sik Kang ),장민호 ( Min Ho Jang ),이정열 ( Jeong Yeol Lee ) 한국환경과학회 2013 한국환경과학회지 Vol.22 No.8
In this study, a comprehensive field monitoring was conducted to understand habitat conditions of fish species in up and downstream of Hoengseong Dam. Based on the monitoring data, riverine health conditions such as composition ratio of fish species, bio-diversity (dominance index, diversity, evenness and richness), index of biological integrity (IBI) and qualitative habitat evaluation index (QHEI) were assessed, and optimal ecological flowrates (OEF) were estimated using the habitat suitability indexes (HSI) established for three fish species Coreoleuciscus splendidus, Pungtungia herzi and Microphysogobio longidorsalis selected as icon species using the physical habitat simulation system (PHABSIM). The total number of species sampled was 20 species, and two species of Zacco platypus (30.4%) and C. splendidus (20.9%) dominated the fish community. As a result, it was revealed that IBI and QHEI values decreased from upstream to downstream along the river. The estimated IBI value ranged from 24 to 36 with average being 30.9 out of 50, rendering the site ecologically fair to good health conditions. HSI for C. splendidus were determined according to three different month in terms of season: Spring (April), Summer (August) and Autumn (October). HSI for flow velocity were estimated at 0.7 to 0.8 m/s for the Spring, 0.5 to 1.0 m/s for the Summer and 0.8 to 0.9 m/s for the Autumn. HSI for water depth were estimated at 0.3 to 0.5 m for the Spring; 0.3 to 0.5 m for the Summer; and 0.3 to 0.4 m for the Autumn. OEF was estimated at 4.2 and 6.5 m3/s for the Spring and Autumn, and 12.0 m3/s for the Summer. Overall, it was concluded that the Hoengseong Dam has been relatively well protected from the anthropogenic disturbance for the legally protected species including the endemic species studied in this study.
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