PBL을 활용한 스포츠클라이밍지도자와 학습자의 상호작용 과정

강은석(Kang, Eun-Suk),이지훈(Lee, Ji-Hoon),곽정현(Kwak, Jeong-Hyeon) 한국체육과학회 2014 한국체육과학회지 Vol.23 No.3

This research started with the question as to what effects and influences the mutual interaction between sports climbing teacher and learners will bring about to the study targets of “Teaching and Learning”, while I am using the PBL as its research method with the sample group consisting of the students majoring in Sports for All. At first they didn’t even understand how the PBL is different from the existing learning methods of techniques and how to use the group training session but, as they interacted with each other with the teacher playing the roles of manager, guide, helper, and coach, they got used to it. And, in the process of being preoccupied with the learning, the learners with the previous on-spot experiences of leisure activities were better in self-initiating activities and in the depth and precision of understanding the results than other learners, when it comes to their learning performance, which naturally led them to get equipped with the characteristics of leaders. Lastly, learners answered PBL is effective and appropriate in enhancing technical skills and teaching abilities, the aims of learning, but they also said the effectiveness and influences could be different, depending on how teacher use PBL, by which I confirmed the teacher play very important roles.

대학 스키수업 학습전개에 따른 학습자들의 안전사고 인식 탐색

강은석(Kang, Eun-Suk),이준희(Lee, Joon-Hee) 한국체육과학회 2015 한국체육과학회지 Vol.24 No.3

This research was conducted to make basic materials that are to prevent accidents in university ski courses by looking into the safety problems and causes of injuries and accidents while observing the instructors’ recognition as to how they should behave and think on the slope, and the major sample group of the study was instructors of the ski courses. The study method was mostly about observations of subjects and interpretative interviews on the two groups, A and B. The conclusion was in group A the instructors made students concentrate on the active education of safety so their capability to cope with safety matters unpreparedly was higher, which means they could control risk factors by themselves. But in group B instructors fostered loose and free atmospheres in which students couldn’t learn efficiently and their performance varied from person to person. As expected, the safety education is dearly needed in university ski courses and from the long-term standpoints the safety education for all kinds of outdoor environments is necessary, the study shows.

태권도 지도자의 반성적 교수를 통해 나타난 가르침의 의미 찾기

강은석(Kang, Eun-Suk) 한국체육과학회 2015 한국체육과학회지 Vol.24 No.2

This study is to present a new paradigm to what teaching is by looking at Taewkondo instructors’ reflective teachings. The way of studying was to observe reflective logs written by the instructors or teachers, the research subjects, and take part in teaching Taewkondo for myself for a semester. The findings, therfore, come mainly from the observations on the subjects working such institutions as Y-Taekwondo gym, K-university, and D-university, including their students and competitors, and from my own experiences in the field. The meanings of teaching that I found in the reflective teaching are as follows. First, the meanings of teachings in Y-Teakwondo gym are to let students learn Taekwondo filled up with martial artistic purposes along with the school sports programs, which is supported by teachers’ incessant research on how to teach, and their struggle to break the mannerism and streotypes imbeded in the teachings so as to stick to the genuine spirits of Taewkondo teachings. Second, in K-university, the meanings of teachings are to get the two way communication between professors and students and focus on the recreational aspects of Taekwondo, not on the tests and evaluations. Third, in D-university, the meanings of teaching is to teach Taekwondo competition skills but still what should come first is to establish the solid human relationships in which teachers can sympathize with students, rather than drilling skills only.

내러티브 기법을 이용한 비인기종목 국가대표 감독에 대한 생애사

강은석(Kang, Eun-Suk),이동호(Lee, Dong-Ho),허승은(Hur, Seung-Eun) 한국체육과학회 2015 한국체육과학회지 Vol.24 No.2

This study is to provide the materials that could be a new guideline for coaches and directors of non-popular events and is to make public the existence of another sport sub-culture. The detailed research technique was the observation and interviews with a former national team director of 2014 Asian Games, which were done through narratives. The result shows a chonological array. The inception was his accidental encounter with a mountain bike and his realization of his dream. The unfolding part was, based on internal and external motivation, the appearance of a leader just like a scene stealer, getting through the failures and overcoming them, regading them just as trials and errors. The crisis was to take part in competitions in unfavorable environments, and a life as a competitor that finished too early, which means the crisis turned out to be an opportunity for him. The climax was to be employed as a national team’s director with a low wage, and a job insecurity, while he was seeking the meaning and values of education. The conculsion was the sadness of engaging himself in a non-popluar event, the public’s demand on abled leaders in sports, and another trial with no clear ends.

레저스포츠현장에서의 안전 불감증 원인 탐색

강은석(Kang, Eun-Suk),곽정현(Kwak, Jeong-Hyeon),허승은(Hur, Seung-Eun) 한국체육과학회 2014 한국체육과학회지 Vol.23 No.5

I started this research, as I came to recognize how serious the safety problem was in our country’s leisure sports scenes and how urgent it was to academically look into this matter, on the occasion of the tragic accident in July, 2013, where many students went missing or dead in a private training camp facility in Tae-an. As the research methods, I used the questionnaires for the first round of the study, the observation and interviews for the second, and a method in which I met a group of pundits at once in a place for the third. These methods are based on Spradley’s DRS techniques. Through the methods, I mainly focused on why people are unaware of safety matters when engaged in leisure sports. As for the conclusion, I introduced three major points : the participants’ insensitivity to safety, the instructors’ insensitivity to safety and the insensitivity to safety in educational sectors. First, the participants’ insensitivity to safety results from their psychology of excessive desire to take part in activities and to show off what they can do. Second, the instructors’ insensitivity to safety comes from their absence from the activity scenes in a sheer negligence of duty and failure to play the role of the ushers who must lead the participants. Lastly, the insensitivity to safety in educational sectors has something to do with inadequate facilities and old equipment and the lax governmental regulations that make people unaware of how serious the safety problem is.

국내 대학 준특기 학생선수들에 대한 하위문화 이해

강은석(Kang, Eun-Suk),강지현(Kang, Ji-Hyun) 한국체육과학회 2022 한국체육과학회지 Vol.31 No.5

This study started as a research project to look into semi-scholarship student athletes sub-cultures, not as an exploration but as a kind of deep understanding, naming them as sub-cultural elements in college sport organizations. The research methods were to conduct a survey through the questionaires as to whether they had ever got through any difficulties, discrimination, sorrowfulness, or alienation, and as to what they were in detail if they had any. Some interviews were carried out on three colleges semi-scholarship student athletes regarding their academic activities, sports, and future careers. The research findings are as follows. They face difficult matters as sub-culture elements like below. The first matters that harass them are tuition, team-presentation classes, lecture participation, lecture materials, unfair credits, and exclusion from C0. The second harassing matters are shelters and foods, performance, drilling sessions, and exercise amounts, The harassing matters are whether to quit sport careers, whether to thrust into professional teams, how to deal with crisis and chance and who they are as those standing on boundary lines. I expect this thesis to be a turning-point to look back on what mechanism is behind semi-scholarship student athletes academic activities, sport activities, and future careers in greater depth with microscopic perspectives. From the macroscopic points of view, this thesis will bring about positive interpretations about semi-scholar student athletes ideas and views, who comprise the culture of sport circles.

태권도 전공자들의 해외진출에 대한 인식과 해외진출을 위한 교육과정

강은석(Kang Eun-Suk) 한국체육과학회 2010 한국체육과학회지 Vol.19 No.3

This study is to look into the recognition of Taekwondo majors' foreign thrust and figure out the quality curriculum to activate their foreign assignment. As the way of research, I conducted the survey of questionnaires on Taekwondo majors and have had interviews with Taekwondo majors working overseas. The result shows the recognition of Taekwondo majors about foreign assignment is relatively strong and positive but that of Taekwondo majors who are preparing for foreign thrust is pretty low and negative, which means the establishment of identity among Taekwondo majors is a must for their change in recognition about foreign assignment. Accodingly, each school and faculties should play the role of advisers to motivate the Taekwondo majors to advance into overseas by providing them with information carefully selected in consideration of their foreign thrust. In addition, related administration bodies of Taekwondo should install departments and divisions specialized in promoting their foreign thrust, which will stimulate their interests in foreign assignment. If there is some connection between schools and those administrations to co-operate about the information related to their foreign assignment, it will foster much more favorable circumstances for their thrust.

해외진출 태권도 전공자들의 진출동기와 과정에 대한 문화 기술적 연구

강은석(Kang Eun-Suk),곽정현(Kwak Jeong-Hyeon),이재돈(Lee Jae-Don) 한국체육과학회 2010 한국체육과학회지 Vol.19 No.1

본 연구는 태권도를 통해 해외에서 지도자의 역할을 하고 있는 15명의 연구 참여자들에게 진출동기와 진출과정의 직접경험을 문화 기술적 접근을 통해 나타내었다. 연구 참여자들은 전공에 대한 정체성을 통해 나름대로 해외진출로의 모색을 하였으며, 새로운 세계에 대한 도전을 하였다. 해외로의 도전과정에서 육체적이고 정신적인 고통과 정착문제에 대한 고민을 하나 둘 해결할 수 있었던 것은 태권도라는 부가가치가 높아진 상품을 활용할 수 있었기에 가능했으며, 상품의 가치를 더욱 높이고자 태권도 교육에 대한 고민과 시행착오를 통해 순발력 있게 해결하며 정착하였다. 국내 태권도 시장은 포화상태로 인해 태권도 전공자들의 해외진출이 거세지는 시점에서 세계로의 진출은 현대 상업성 격투기가 집합을 이루고 있는 실정에 태권도가 가지는 특성을 극대화시킬 수 있는 능력이 부재하다면 다른 무도와 차별을 두는 점에는 무리가 있으며, 태권도를 확대한다 하더라도 발차기, 품새 기술이 단 시간의 수련을 통하여 얻어질 수 없을 뿐 아니라 그 어려움에 소수의 수련생들만 수련하게 된다면 수련인구의 확보는 물론 경영실패로 인한 정착의 문제까지 야기 시킬 수 있다. 이에 해외진출을 준비하는 태권도 전공자는 전통주의에 입각한 태권도 발전에 노력해야 하며, 현재 해외 진출한 태권도 지도자처럼 태권도 교육에 대한 고민을 해야 한다. 예를 들어 ATA의 태권 리가 비즈니스와 태권도를 통한 교훈이라는 두 마리의 토끼를 잡기 위해 착안한 애니메이션 전략과 같이 태권도의 상품의 가치를 높이기 위해서는 교육적 접근이 필요하다. 우수한 인재는 교육기관과 같은 제도나 어떤 틀에 의해 ‘위로부터 만들어 지는 것’이 아니며 개개인의 역량과 노력이 필수임을 강조할 때(최영렬, 2005), 제자리걸음의 태권도가 아니라 본인 스스로가 태권도를 발전시켜야 하는 자라 인식하에 교육적인 측면의 연구를 통해 세계인의 공유체로서 삶의 질을 향상시키는 도구로 깊게 자리 잡아야 하겠다. 또한 무도의 틀 안에서 비즈니스를 해야 한다. 해외에 진출한 태권도 지도자가 블랙밸트를 파는 장사꾼으로 보이거나 태권도라는 상품의 인기를 등에 업고 무차별 비즈니스 전략은 해외진출을 꿈꾸는 후진들에게 잘못된 편견을 가져다 줄 수 있다. 이에 태권도 지도자는 신체적 건강과 숙달된 전문적 지식과 기능을 갖추어야 하며 봉사정신, 직업의식, 원만한 인간상과 함께 올바른 도덕적 가치관을 지닌다면(김경지, 김정래, 1987) 해외진출은 성공할 것이다. 하지만 무엇보다도 중요한 것은 해외진출에 대한 태권도 전공자의 의지라고 할 수 있다. 한국의 정서에 맞춰져 있던 성향들을 버리고 새로운 세계에 도전한다는 것은 의미 있는 행동과 동시에 쉽게 결정하기는 어렵다. 진출에 대한 두려움은 물론 육체적 고통과 정착에 따른 문제들은 변수가 심하기에 진출하고자 하는 본인의 의지가 약하면 실패하고 말기 때문이다. 하지만 해외진출에 앞서 현지에서 무엇을 필요로 하는지를 인지하고 그에 따른 준비를 한다면 그리 어려운 일이 아니라 사료된다. This thesis is to investigate how to activate taekwondo majors' foreign thrust. It begins with investigation about the experience of taekwondo instructors who are teaching taekwondo in foreign countries now, especially about their motivation of permanently settling down on the foreign territories, for which the DRS technique developed by Spradley in order to effectively conduct his ethnographic method is used. With a clear identification about what they had majored in colleges, taewkondo majors made attempts to thrust into foreign countries on their own, a challenge to the new world. They could solve out their difficulties, emotional and physical, one by one through utilizing the highly value-added commodity, taekwondo. They studied how to add up values of taekwondo and quickly settled down on the foreign soils, setting up better relationships with other instructors who had already been teaching taekwondo there and developing the programs consumers wanted.

스쿠버 다이버들의 안전감압정지 불이행에 대한 원인탐색

강은석(Kang Eun-Seok),임현수(Lim Hyun-Soo),강지현(Kang Ji-Hyun),문영제(Mun Yong-Jae) 한국체육과학회 2009 한국체육과학회지 Vol.18 No.4

This study has been conducted in the field, not in the library, as to why scuba divers don't activate precautionary decompression stop system by observation under the water and conducting interviews. With the materials acquired through the interviews, I tried to analyse the reasons along with a group of experts. As a conclusion, I introduced the three criteria for the theme. The first is the environmental factors: the undercurrent, the lack of descending lines, and the attacks of jelly fish. For these, they need to install the decompression stage, use the diving sausage, and wear suits and hoods appropriate for the surrounding conditions so that no problems arise even when the precautionary decompression stop system malfunctions. The second is the psychological factors: the anxiety arising from the excessive use of depressed air, the problems with colleagues, the anxiety arising from the dim sights and the noise out of boats' engines, and the insensitivity out of mannerism as a long-experienced expert of scuba diving. It is analysed that these problems can be largely solved out by the exercise of how to control the air, the recognition of how important buddy divings are, the practice of calmness under precarious environments and the skills of checking gear and gauge, and, most importantly, being alert through the education about the accident cases to recognize how important the device is. The third is the institutional factors: the lax training disciplines caused by the well-intention of guides and instructors trying to help their club members, the lack of proper educational standards, and the lack of proper screening process to single out the instructors with the low level of skills. Throughout these efforts, it is expected that the trust between club members and instructors will be restored, the instructors will try harder, the education centering on the problem-solving will set in place, the feed-back system to reeducate the instructors will be offered, throughout which the overall quality of diving will improve.

스포츠클라이밍 안전사고 원인에 대한 내러티브

강은석(Kang, Eun-Suk) 한국체육과학회 2017 한국체육과학회지 Vol.26 No.3

This study started with the point of view that, in spite of the grave importance of the keen awareness of safety in sports climbing, no serious academic attention has been paid to this matter. As a research method, I myself took part in the sports climbing fields, extracting the factors about safety problems through observations and interviews, and codifying the contents from the interviews. The results of the research are follows: First, the main problem is there is no standard manual about education, which makes the educational contents vary according to who the teachers are and the education itself disorganized. We need the standard manuals about the education. Second, there are too many disqualified teachers, which also give birth to numerous groups with elusive expertise. We need to establish the expert groups to conduct the education. Third, the teachers themselves have no keen sense of safety, blindly trusting their equipment, even though their gears are not so excellent in the safety aspects. I hope this study will help the sports climbers to be more aware of the safety matters.