소결 경질 탄화물에 화학 증착법으로 TiC 를 증착시킬때 그들의 성질에 관한 연구

이채우,이동복,천성순,김재곤 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1980 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.18 No.5

화학 증차법을 이용하여 WC-Co합금의 substrate위에 TiC를 증착시킬때 coating층의 성장과 내마모성질을 조사하였다. 증착온도 및 시간, substrate의 Co함량이 증가할수록 coating층의 두께는 현저한 증가를 보였으며 증착온도가 증가함에 따라 우선방위는 <100>으로부터 random orientation을 나타내었다. TiC coating한 시편은 내마모저항을 현저히 증가시켰으며 이에 대한 원인도 논하였다. Growth of coating layer and wear properties of chemically vapor deposited (CVD) TiC onto WC-Co substrate were investigated. The deposition temperature, time and Co content of the substrate showed pronounced effects on the thickness of coating layer. The texture of TiC layer changed from <100> orientation at low deposition temperature (950℃) to random orientation at high deposition temperature (1050℃). The wear resistance of coated specimen was remarkably increased and enhanced wear resistance was also discussed.

암에르고미터 운동시 여유심박수에서의 신체작업능력(PWC%HRR)을 이용한 최대산소섭취량 추정에 관한 연구

정성태,전태원,정덕조,정영수,엄우섭,이동기,윤호섭 한국운동과학회 2000 운동과학 Vol.9 No.1

암에르고미터 운동시 여유심박수에서의 신체작업능력(PWC%HRR)을 이용한 최대산소섭취량 측정에 관한 연구 운동과학. 제 9권 제 1호. (1)-(12), 2000. 본 연구의 목적은 암에르고미터 운동시 여유심박수에서의 신체작업능력(PWC%HRR)을 이용해 최대산소섭취량(O₂_(max))을 추정하는데 있어 그 타당성을 보는데 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 건강한20대 남자 대학생(21.1±2.77)20명이 참가 하였다. 이들의 안정시 심박수는 5분간 EKG로 측정되었고, 최대산소취량은 암에르고미터에서 50rpm의 속도로 20W에서 운동을 실시하고 매 3분 간격으로 10W씩 증가시켜 피험자가 탈진시까지 운동을 지속시켰다. 여유심박수 계산에 있어서 최대심박수는 수식(HRmax = 210 - age)으로 계산되었다. PWC%HRR의 계산은 점증부하 운동상에서 120≤R≥160의 범위에 발견된 HR과 O₂의 관계식(Y=bx+a)에 의하였다. 강도별 상대적 백분율 범위는 50∼85%사이였으며, 비교대상은 PWC%HRR, O₂R, O₂_(max)이었다. 그 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다 첫째, %HRR과 O₂R, O₂_(max)간의 회귀분석결과 %HRR은 O₂_(max)보다 O₂R에 가까웠다. 둘째, 각 강도별 PWC%HRR과 O₂R, O₂_(max)간에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었으나, PWC%HRR은 O₂_(max)보다 O₂R에 보다 가까웠다(P<.05). 셋째, O₂_(max)의 실측치와 PWC%HRR = O₂R에 의한 추정치 사이에는 모든 강도에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 상관관계는 PWC%HRR에서 가장 높았다(P<.05). 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 암에르고미터 운동검사 과정에서 만족할 만한 O₂_(max) 발견하지 못했더라도 최소한 60%HRR에 해당하는 심박수가 발견될 때까지 운동을 수행하였다면 일련의 방식에 의해 O₂_(max)의 추정이 가능하다고 본다. The study on Estimation of maximal oxygun uptake through PWC%HRR during Arm Ergometer Exercise. Exercise Science, 9(1): 1-12, 2000. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity for estimation of maximal oxygen uptake through PWC%HRR during Arm Ergometer Exercise. The subjects of this study were 20 healthy males(21.2±2.77yrs) college students. Resting heart rate of subjects were recorded by EKG for 5min. the maximal oxygen uptake was determined until subjects were exhausted. The first stage was performed 50rpm, 20W, and then was increased by 10W every 3 minutes on the arm ergometer. HRmax was determined by a numerical formula of HRmax = 210-age. PWC%HRR was assessed by relative equation (Y=bX+a) of HR and V˙O₂ observed in range 120≤R≥160 during the exercise test. Range of relative percentage was between 50% and 85%, comparison factor was examined among PWC%HRR, % V˙O₂R and % V˙O₂_(max). The results of this study are as follows : 1) Result of the regression analysis among PWC%HRR, % V˙O₂R and % V˙O₂_(max), %HRR was equivalent to % V˙O₂R rather than V˙O₂_(max). 2) No significant difference was observed among PWC%HRR, % V˙O₂R and V˙O₂_(max) in the all intensity, But the PWC%HRR was closer to % V˙O₂R rather than V˙O₂_(max)(P<.05). 3) No significant difference was the actual V˙O₂_(max) and the estimation value by PWC%HRR = % V˙O₂R in the all intensity, and the correlation analysis was the most correlated at the estimation value by PWC%60HRR. It was concluded that if the satisfactory V˙O₂_(max) was not found in Arm Ergometer exercise test but heart rate corresponded to 60%HRR, V˙O₂_(max) can be estimated by a series of equation.

Macromer 를 기초로 한 폴리우레탄의 합성 및 특성

전용철,김공수,신재섭,강석호 한국고무학회 1992 엘라스토머 및 콤포지트 Vol.27 No.3

A series of polyurethane block copolymers based on hydroxyterminated poly(dimethyl siloxane), poly(propylene glycol) and poly(tetramethylene glycol) soft segments of molecular weights 1,809, 2,000 and 2,000, respectively, were synthesized. The hard segments consisted of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 1,4-butanediol as the chain extender. Samples with different molar ratios were prepared. We tried to synthesize poly(dimethyl siloxane)-based polyurethane(PDMS-PU) containing a hard block as major fraction and a soft block as minor fraction for preparing toughened rigid systems. After a study of the pure PDMS-PU, poly(propylene glycol)-based polyurethane(PPG-PU) and poly(tetramethylene glycol)-based polyurethane(PTMG-PU), (mixed polyol)-based block copolymers and blends between PDMS-PU, PPG-PU and PTMG-PU were prepared, and characterized by means of differential scanning calorimetry, tensile testing and scanning electron microscopy. In (mixed polyol)-based PU and in lower hard segment content blends, macro-phase separation was shown, but blends with higher hard segment contents showed significant reduction in amounts of phase separation.

한국산 하루살이목(目)의 카탈로그

윤일병,배연재,전동준 고려대학교 한국곤충연구소 1994 昆蟲硏究誌 Vol.20 No.1

韓國産 하루살이目의 카탈로그. 裵淵宰 · 尹一炳^1 · 田東埈^2 (서울女子大學校, ^1高麗大學校 生物學科, ^2러시아科學院 動物學硏究所) 昆蟲硏究誌, 20: 31~50, 1994. 韓國産 하루살이目의 關한 硏究는 南北韓에 걸친 綜合的인 硏究가 이루어지지 못하였고, 1940년 以來 各種 文獻에 記錄된 種들에 있어서도 分類上 혹은 命名上 變動이 많았으나 이를 體系的으로 收錄하지 못하였다. 이 論文에서는 種合的인 文獻 및 模式標本 調査를 통하여 다음과 같이 韓國産으로 記錄된 56種의 命名상 有效한 種들에 대한 카탈로그를 작성하였다. Acerella longicaudata(U′eno), *Ameletus costalis (Matsumura), A. montanus Imanishi, *Baetiella japonica (Imanishi), *B, tuberculata (Kazlauskas), *Baetis thermicus U′eno, Bleptus fasciatus Eation, Choroterpes altioculus Kluge, Cincticostella castanea (Allen), C. tshernovae(Bajkova), * Cinygmula grandifaliz Tshernova, *C. hirasana (Imanisht), Cloeon dipterum (Linnaeus), Drunella aculea (Allen), *D. cryptomeria (Imanishi), *D. lepnevae (Tshernova), D. triacantha (Tsher-nova), *D. trispina ezoensis (Gose), Ecdyonurus bajrovae Kluge, E. dracon Kluge, **E. Joernensis mon-golicus Bajkova & Varychanova, E. kibunensis Imanishi, E. levis (Nava′s), E. scalaris Kluge, **E. subspinosa (Braasch & Solda′n), Epeorus curvatulus Matsumura, *E. hiemalis Imanishi, E. latifolium Ue′no, E. pellucidus (Broadsky), *Ephemeralla aurivillii Bengtsson, *E. imanishii Gose, E. keijoensis Allen, *E. notofascia Yoon & Base, Ephemera orientalis McLachlan, E. separigata Bae, E. strigata Eaton, Ephoron shigae (Takahashi), Heptagenia guranica Belov, H. kihada Matsumura, *H. Kyotoensis Gose, *Iron aesculus (Imanishi), *I. koreanicus Braasch & Solda′n, I. maculatus Tshernova, Isonychia japonica (Ulmer), **I. ussurica Bajkova, Paraleptophlebia chocolata Imanishi, *Potamanthellus rarus tiunova & Levanidova, **Potamanthus formosus Eaton, P. yooni Bae & McCafferty, *P. luteus oriens Bae & McCafferty, *Phithrogena japonica Ue′no, Rhoenanthus coreanus (Yoon & Bae), *Serratella setigera (Bajkova), Siphlonurus chankae Tshernova, *S, sanukensis Takahashi 및 Uracanthella rufa (Imanishi). 별표한 種들은 幼蟲만이, 쌍별표한 種들은 成蟲만이 韓國産으로 記載되었다. (C. tshernovae와 E. keijoensis는 암컷 成蟲과 幼蟲만이, 그리고 P. luteus oriens는 亞成蟲만이 韓國産으로 記載되었다.) 다음 10종은 韓國에서 幼蟲만이 記載되었고, 아직 命名上으로 留保된 未決定種으로 남아있다. Baetis Kua: Yoon & Bae, Baetis nla: Imanishi, Brachycercus Kua: Yoon & Bae, Caenis Kua: Yoon & Bae, Cinygmula Kua: Yoon & Bae, Cinygmula na: Imanishi, Ecdyonurus Kub: Yoon & Bae, Ecdyonurus na: Imanishi, Paraleptophlebia nb: Imanishi 및 Rhithrogena na: Imanishi. 각 種에 있어서 原記載 및 再記載 文獻, 記載에 使用된 標本, 分布, 模式標本에 대한 情報, 異名과 命名上의 變動을 年代順으로 整理하였다. 附錄으로 南韓種만의 checklist와 分類學的 變動 및 國名의 變動事項을 表로 作成하였다. Mayflies (Ephemeroptera) of Korea have been described in various literatures since 1940, but there have been many taxonomic or nomenciatural changes in the members of the order. A comprehensive literature and type material review of the Ephemeroptera resulted herein the recognition of 56 nomenclaturally valid species previously described from Korea : Acerella longicaudata (Ue´no), ^*A meletus costalis (Matsumura), A. montanus Imanishi, ^*Baetis thermicus Ue´no, Bleptus fasciatus Eaton, Choroterpes altioculus Kluge, Cincticostella castanea (Allen), C. tshernovae (Bajkova), ^*Cinygmula grandifolia Tshernova, ^*C. hirasana (Imanishi), Cloeon dipterum (Linnaeus), Dyunella aculea (Allen), ^*D. cryptomeria (Imanishi), ^*D. tepnevae (Tshernova), D. triacantha (Tshernova), ^*D. trispina ezoensis (Gose), Ecdynurus bajrovae Kluge, E. dracon Kluge, ^*^*E. joernensis mongolicus Bajkova & Varychanova, E. kibunensis Imanishi, E. levis (Nava´s), E. scalaris Kluge, ^*^*E. subspinosa (Braasch & Solda´n), Epeorus curvatulus Matsumura, ^*E. hiemalis Imanishi, E. latifolium Ue´no, E. notofascia Yoon & Bae, Ephemera orientalis McLachlan, E. separigata Bae, E. strigata Eaton, Ephoron shigae (Takahashi), Heptagenia guranica Belov, H. kihada Matsurnura, ^*H. kyotoensis Gose, ^*Iron aesculus (Imanishi), ^*I. Koreanicus Braaich & Solda´n, I. Maculates Tshernova, Isonychia japonica (Ulmer), ^*^*I. Ussurica Bajkova, Paraleptophlebia chocolate Imanishi, ^*Potamanthellus rarus Tiunova & Levanidova, ^*^*Potamanthus formosus Eaton, P. yooni Bae & McCafferty, ^*^*P. luteus oriens Bae & MeCafferty, ^*Rhithrogena japonica Ue´no, Rhoenanthus coreanus (Yoon & Bae), ^*Serratella setigera (Bajkova), Siphlonurus chankae Tshernova, ^*S. sanukensis Takahashi, and Uracanthella rufa (Imanishi), The asterisked species were known to larva only from Korea, and the double asterisked were adults only (C. tshernovae and E. keijoensis were females and larvae only, and P. luteus oriens was subimagos only), The following 10 species were known to larvae only from Korea, but have not been determined: Baetis Kua: Yoon & Bae, Cinygmula Kua: Yoon & Bae, Baetis nla: Imanishi, Brachycercus Kua: Yoon & Bae, Caenis Kua: Yoon & Bae, Cinygmula Kua: Yoon & Bae, Cinygmula na: Imanishi, Ecdyonurus Kub: Yoon & Bae, Ecdyonurus na: Imanishi, Paraleptophlebia nb: Imanishi, and Rhithrogena na: Imanishi. For each species, original and secondary sources of the descriptions, materials used, type information, distributions, synonyms, aid nomenclatural changes were chronologically provided. A checklist of the Ephemeroptera previously recorded from South Korea was appended with their proposed Korean name.

한국산 깔다구속(屬)(파리목(目) : 깔다구 과)의 분류

윤일병,전동준 고려대학교 한국곤충연구소 1992 昆蟲硏究誌 Vol.18 No.1

韓國産 깔다구屬(파리目: 깔다구 科)의 분류. 윤일병 · 전동준(고려대학교 생물학과) 昆蟲硏究志. 18:1~14, 1992. 남한 지역에서 채집된 깔다구속(깔다구과, 파리목)의 외부형태를 비교하여 한국 미기록 1종 (Chironomus salinarius)을 포함하여 8종의 成蟲期를 기재하였고, 그중 6종의 번데기 및 幼蟲期를 사육에 의하여 확인하여 기재하였다. Systematics of the genus chironomus based on comparative external morphology resulted in the recognition of 8 included species from Korea, with one previously unrecorded species, C. salinarius. All their adult stages and 6 of their larval and pupal stages were described based on reared materials.

정밀구조를 이용한 대형 열처리 트레이 개발

천익정 한국주조공학회 1999 한국주조공학회지 Vol.19 No.2

IL-10 inhibits the starvation induced autophagy in macrophages via class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway

Park, H.J.,Lee, S.J.,Kim, S.H.,Han, J.,Bae, J.,Kim, S.J.,Park, C.G.,Chun, T. Pergamon Press 2011 Molecular immunology Vol.48 No.4

Autophagy is an important process which maintains cellular homeostasis under stressful conditions such as starvation and pathogenic invasion. Previous observations have indicated that several cytokines are important regulators of the autophagic process. Among the various cytokines, IL-10 has a unique property which functions to suppress overall immunity. However, the functional role of IL-10 during the autophagic process has not been studied. In this study, we examined the effect of IL-10 during starvation induced autophagy of murine macrophages (J774). The results clearly indicated that IL-10 and IL-10 receptor signaling inhibits autophagy induction of murine macrophage. Further experiments revealed that IL-10 activates the class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, which results in the phosphorylation of p70S6K through the activation of Akt and a mammalian target of the rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC 1). These results will advance our understanding of the physiological function of IL-10 during the autophagic process of macrophage.

Privacy-preserving disjunctive normal form operations on distributed sets

Chun, J.Y.,Hong, D.,Jeong, I.R.,Lee, D.H. North-Holland [etc ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2013 Information sciences Vol.231 No.-

Privacy-preserving set operations such as set union and set intersection on distributed sets are widely used in data mining in which the preservation of privacy is of the utmost concern. In this paper, we extended privacy-preserving set operations and considered privacy-preserving disjunctive normal form (DNF) operations on distributed sets. A privacy-preserving DNF operation on distributed sets can be used to find a set S<SUB>F</SUB> satisfying S<SUB>F</SUB>=(S<SUB>1,1</SUB>@?...@?S<SUB>1,t'2</SUB>)@?...@?(S<SUB>t'1,1</SUB>@?...@?S<SUB>t'1,t'2</SUB>) without revealing any other information besides just the information which could be inferred from the DNF operations, where S<SUB>i,j</SUB>@?{A<SUB>1</SUB>,...,A<SUB>n</SUB>,A<SUB>1</SUB>@?,...,A<SUB>n</SUB>@?} and set A<SUB>k</SUB> is known only to a party P<SUB>k</SUB>. A complement set A<SUB>k</SUB>@? is defined as A<SUB>k</SUB>@?=(A<SUB>1</SUB>@?...@?A<SUB>n</SUB>)-A<SUB>k</SUB>. Using privacy-preserving DNF operations on distributed sets, it is possible to find set union, (threshold) set intersection, and a set of k-repeated elements.

Genome Sequence of Escherichia coli J53, a Reference Strain for Genetic Studies

Yi, H.,Cho, Y.-J.,Yong, D.,Chun, J. American Society for Microbiology 2012 Journal of Bacteriology Vol.194 No.14

Quantification of the Energy Flows during Ultrasonic Wire Bonding under Different Process Parameters

Yangyang Long,Friedrich Schneider,Chun Li,Jörg Hermsdorf,Jens Twiefel,Jörg Wallaschek 한국정밀공학회 2019 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.6 No.3

Despite of its wide and long-term application for interconnections in the field of microelectronics packaging, a quantitative understanding on the mechanisms of ultrasonic (US) wire bonding is still lacked. In this work, the energy flows from the electrical input energy to the different mechanisms during the US bonding process are quantified based on real-time observations via which the relative motions at the wire/substrate and the wire/tool interfaces can be detected. The relative motions at the two interfaces are proved to be caused by both the continuous plastic deformation and the US vibration. The normal force and US power interdependently affect the relative motion amplitudes. The deduced energy flows show that the energy from the transducer mainly flows to the vibration induced friction at the two interfaces and the microwelds formation, deformation and breakage. Despite of their significance to the process, the other mechanisms receive only little amount of energy. The impacts of the process parameters including normal force, US power and time on the energy flows are quantitatively investigated. A good coupling of the normal force and the US power guides more energy to the formation of microwelds while a long process time would increase the friction induced energy consumption.