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The Economic Potential of an India-US Free Trade Agreement
( Emiko Fukase ),( Will Martin ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2016 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.31 No.4
This paper explores the economic implication of a potential free trade agreement between India and the United States. The overall impacts are likely to be positive for the United States and India. While gains from trade creation would be offset by trade diversion on the import side, both countries would gain from improved access on the export side. The United States is likely to gain largely through terms of trade improvements for its goods and services, as initial protection in India remains relatively high. India would experience an expansion of exports and output, particularly in textiles and apparel. The paper explores how the effects of an India-United States free trade agreement might be affected by prior free trade agreements. Adding an India-United States free trade agreement to prior agreements would tend to bring additional welfare benefits to both countries. India would also gain substantially if it concluded a free trade agreement with the United States and then extended it to other partners. The results suggest that an India- United States free trade agreement might become a building block toward more liberal trade regimes.
Trade Liberalization in China`s Accession to WTO
( Elena Ianchovichina ),( Will Martin ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2001 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.16 No.4
China`s forthcoming accession to the WTO involves reforms across a wide range of sectors in China, both in directly trade-related sectors and behind the border. The implications of these reforms are greatly influenced by the starting point-a partially reformed economy with relatively high import duties, but in which export sectors benefit from liberal duty exemptions on their inputs. The paper takes account of this special feature in assessing the implications of reform. We find that China and its major trading partners gain from accession, while some competing countries suffer smaller losses. The adjustments required are greatly reduced by the dramatic liberalization that China undertook in the 1990s.
Trade Liberalization in China's Accession to WTO
Ianchovichina, Elena,Martin, Will 세종대학교 국제경제연구소 2001 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.16 No.4
China's forthcoming accession to the WTO involves reforms across a wide range of sectors in China, both in directly trade-related sectors and behind the border. The implications of these reforms are greatly influences by the starting point-a partially reformed economy with relatively high import duties, but in which export sectors benefit from liberal duty exemptions on their inputs. The paper takes account of this special feature in assessing the implications of reform. We find that China and its major trading partners gain from accession, while some competing countries suffer smaller losses. The adjustments required are greatly reduced by the dramatic liberalization that China undertook in the 1990s.
A Quantitative Evaluation of Vietnam's Accession to the ASEAN Free Trade Area
Fukase, Emiko,Martin, Will 세종대학교 국제경제연구소 2001 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.16 No.4
This paper analyses the impacts of Vietnam's ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) accession using a multi-region and multi-sector general equilibrium model. The static benefits of AFTA accession are likely to be relatively small. The gains from increased access to ASEAN markets would be small, and they would be offset by the costs of trade diversion. If Veitnam extends its AFTA commitments on a nondiscriminatory basis, Vietnam's welfare would increase substantially. These gains are larger in part because the broader liberalization reduce the costly trade diversion and partly the resources are more efficiently allocated among Vietnam's industries. Although some currently protected industries would contract, the expansion of labor intensive manufacturing would bring greater benefits.
Trade, Technology and Labor Markets : General Equilibrium Perspectives
Tyers, Rod,Duncan. Ron,Martin, Will 세종대학교 국제경제연구소 1999 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.14 No.2
This paper summarizes the state of the debate on the effects of "globalization" and spontaneous technical change on wages and, in this context, describes the results from a recent study of the links between trade, technical change and labor market behavior. These new results show that comparatively minor generalization of the standard Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson model of trading countries substantially moderates the Stolper-Samuelson factor reward changes stemming from trade reform. In part for this reason, results from a global general equilibrium analysis suggest that the direct effects of increased openness are a comparatively minor explanator of the observed shifts in labor demand and that skilled-labor-using technical change would appear most important. Of course, part of that technical change may itself be in response to international competition. Any protectionist response against developing countries, driven by concerns about wage inequality or unemployment, is shown to be counterproductive. (JEL Classification: F02, F13, J31
Trade, Technology and Labor Markets: General Equilibrium Perspectives
( Rod Tyers ),( Ron Duncan ),( Will Martin ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소(구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 1999 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.14 No.2
This paper summarizes the state of the debate on the effects of "globalization" and spontaneous technical change on wages and, in this context, describes the results from a recent study of the links between trade, technical change and labor market behavior These new results show that comparatively minor generalization of the standard Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson model of trading countries substantially moderates the Stolper-Samuelson factor reward changes stemming from trade reform. In part for this reason, results from a global general equilibrium analysis suggest that the direct effects of increased openness are a comparatively minor explanator of the observed shifts in labor demand and that skilled-labor-using technical change would appear most important. Of course, part of that technical change may itself be in response to international competition. Any protectionist response against developing countries, driven by concerns about wage inequality or unemployment, is shown to be counterproductive. (JEL Classification: F02, F13, J31)