Although moyamoya disease (MMD) and intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) have similar angiographic features, their underlying mechanisms and treatments differ. As a prompt and precise diagnosis is necessary to improve patient prognosis, biomark...
Although moyamoya disease (MMD) and intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) have similar angiographic features, their underlying mechanisms and treatments differ. As a prompt and precise diagnosis is necessary to improve patient prognosis, biomarkers are needed to differentiate between the two diseases.
We analyzed plasma micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) of 10 patients with MMD or ICAD from two hospitals, using miRNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array analysis and small RNA sequencing. Bioinformatics including Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene ontology pathway analyses were also used.
The miRNA PCR array and small RNA sequencing results demonstrated differential gene expression patterns between the MMD and ICAD groups. The miRNA PCR array revealed that three miRNAs were significantly downregulated in the MMD group (p<0.05) with fold-change regulation > ±2.00. Subsequently, the small RNA sequencing examined a total of 2,588 miRNAs. Overall, 18 miRNAs were significantly expressed in the MMD group compared to the ICAD group (fold-change regulation > ±2.00, normalized data ≥ 4, and p<0.05). The bioinformatics analyses unveiled the associations of aforementioned miRNAs with cancer, immune disorders, and infections. Future investigations are needed to determine the common pathway related to the pathogenesis of MMD versus ICAD.
Nevertheless, we propose that these plasma miRNAs have the potential ability to differentiate between patients with MMD and those with ICAD, thereby contributing to an exact diagnosis and prompt treatment.