Power in modern societies

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Preface = xi
• Credits = xiii
• PART 1 Power in Social Organization = 1
• 1 Problems in Defining Power / Dennis H. Wrong = 9
• The Intentionality of Power = 9
• The Effectiveness of Power = 11
• The Latency of Power, or the Actual／Potential Problem = 11
• Asymmetry and Balance in Power Relations = 13
• 2 Power as a Societal Force / Amitai Etzioni = 18
• Power Defined = 18
• Power as an Operational Concept = 18
• Is Power Universal? = 20
• between Power and Coercion = 23
• Assets, Power, and Activation = 24
• A Classification of Power = 25
• Power, Influence, and Authority = 27
• 3 Forms and Levels of Power Exertion / Marin E. Olsen = 29
• Four Forms of Social Power = 29
• Three Levels of Social Power = 34
• References = 36
• 4 Power, Domination, and Legitimacy / Max Weber = 37
• Power and Domination = 37
• Domination and Legitimacy = 38
• The Three Pure Types of Authority = 39
• 5 Power-Dependence Relations / Richard M. Emerson = 48
• The Power-Dependence Relation = 49
• Balance and Imbalance = 50
• Cost Reduction = 52
• Balancing Operations = 52
• Conclusion = 56
• Notes = 57
• 6 Power and Distributive Systems / Gerhard E. Lenski = 59
• Two Laws of Distribution = 59
• Force and Its Transformation = 61
• The Rule of Right = 64
• The Varieties of Institutionalized Power = 65
• Notes = 67
• 7 Power in Society as Resource and Problem / Robert S. Lynd = 68
• PART 2 Theoretical Perspectives on Power = 75
• 8 The Materialistic Conception of History / Karl Marx = 88
• 9 Inventory of Marx's Ideas / C. Wright Mills = 90
• References = 100
• 10 The Materialist Interpretation of History / Robert L. Heilbroner = 101
• References = 110
• 11 The Iron Law of Oligarchy / Robert Michels = 111
• Impossibility of Direct Government by the Masses = 111
• Psychological Causes of Leadership = 116
• Intellectual Factors = 118
• The Stability of Leadership = 119
• The Struggle Between the Leaders and the Masses = 121
• Democracy and the Iron Law of,Oligarchy = 121
• Final Considerations = 123
• 12 The Ruling Elites / Kenneth Prewitt ; Alan Stone = 125
• The Elite Perspective = 125
• A Difference of Opinion Within the Elite Perspective = 126
• The State Is a Social Contract Between Unequals = 127
• Elite Theory and Social Change = 132
• Democratic Thought and Elite Theory = 134
• Notes = 135
• 13 Influence of Democracy on the Feelings of the Americans / Alexis de Tocqueville = 137
• Why Democratic Nations Show a More Ardent and Enduring Love of Equality Than of Liberty = 137
• Of Individualism in Democratic Countries = 138
• Individualism Stronger at the Close of a Democratic Revolution Than at Other Periods = 140
• That the Americans Combat the Effects of Individualism by Free Institutions = 141
• Of the Use Which the Americans Make of Public Associations in Civil Life = 143
• 14 Sociopolitical Pluralism / Marvin E. Olsen = 146
• Introduction = 146
• The Pluralist Model = 147
• The Mobilization Process = 148
• The Mediation Process = 149
• Problems of Sociopolitical Pluralism = 150
• References = 152
• PART 3 National Power Structures = 153
• 15 The Structure of Power in American Society / C. Wright Mills = 161
• 16 The American Power Structure / G. William Domhoff = 170
• My Perspective = 170
• Power Indicators = 173
• Power Networks = 174
• Community Power = 178
• Conclusion = 179
• References = 180
• 17 The Structure of a National Elite Network / Gwen Moore = 183
• Research Design = 185
• Findings: Network Structure = 189
• Conclusions = 193
• Notes = 195
• References = 195
• 18 Elite Integration in Stable Democracies / John Higley ; Ursula Hoffmann-Lange ; Charles Kadushin ; Gwen Moore = 196
• Elite Integration in Stable Democracies: A Reconsideration = 196
• Elite Integration and Elite Circles = 197
• Methods and Data = 199
• Results = 201
• Discussion = 207
• References = 208
• 19 The Structure of Intercorporate Unity in American Business / Beth Mintz ; Michael Schwartz = 210
• Sources of Intercorporate Power and Unity = 211
• Interlocks as an Indicator of Intercorporate Power = 213
• The Interlock Network = 214
• Divisions Within the Interlock Network = 218
• Notes = 220
• References = 221
• 20 Upper-Class Power / Harold R. Kerbo = 223
• Upper-Class Economic Power = 223
• Upper-Class Political Power = 227
• References = 236
• 21 The Mass Media as a Power Institution / Martin N. Marger = 238
• The Societal Role of the Mass Media = 238
• Media Control and Accessibility = 239
• Mass Media Content = 242
• Media Effects = 245
• References = 248
• PART 4 Power and the State = 251
• 22 Paradigms of Relations Between State and Society / Robert R. Alford = 258
• Three Paradigms of the State = 258
• Utopian and Pathological Images = 260
• The Strategic Focus of Each Paradigm = 262
• Methodological Implications = 265
• 23 Marxist Theories of the Capitalist State / David A. Gold ; Clarence Y.H. Lo ; Erik Olin Wright = 268
• The Traditions = 268
• Instrumentalist Theories of the State = 269
• Structuralist Theories of the State = 271
• Hegelian-Marxist Perspectives = 273
• Concluding Remarks = 274
• References = 276
• 24 The State System and the State Elite / Ralph Miliband = 277
• References = 285
• 25 The Reification of the State / Alan Wolfe = 286
• Public Life in Late Capitalism = 287
• Reification and Resignation = 291
• References = 293
• 26 The Ruling Class Does Not Rule / Fred Block = 295
• The Critique of Instrumentalism = 296
• Division of Labor = 297
• Major Structural Mechanisms = 298
• Constraints on State Policies = 299
• Rationalization = 300
• Major Reforms = 303
• Conclusion = 305
• Notes = 305
• 27 The Potential Autonomy of the State / Theda Skocpol = 306
• References = 313
• 28 The Autonomous Power of the State / Michael Mann = 314
• Defining the State = 314
• Two Meanings of State Power = 315
• Origins of State Power = 319
• Results: Infrasbtuctural Power = 324
• References = 327
• About the Book and Editors = 328