An assessment of political interference on the implementation of urban development plans : a case study of Kampala physical development plan

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This thesis presents an in-depth analysis of the influence of political interference on the successful execution of urban development plans, with a specific focus on the Kampala Physical Development Plan. The study is grounded in empirical evidence collected through a comprehensive survey conducted within Kampala city, targeting five key physical planning departments that constitute the city's urban development framework. The study's sample comprised 50 participants actively involved in the planning and execution of strategic urban development endeavors.
Findings of this research reveal a stark reality: where by a big number of the respondents represented by 98 percent reported encountering instances of political interference in the implementation of the Kampala Physical Development Plan. Through rigorous data collection, analysis, and interpretation, this study offers valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of political interference and its implications for urban development. It examines the various forms of interference, from undue influence on decision-making processes to bureaucratic hurdles that hinder the effective execution of development projects.
Furthermore, this thesis delves into the consequences of political interference on urban development outcomes, shedding light on its adverse effects on infrastructure, housing, environmental sustainability, and overall urban livability all within Kampala city. The research underscores the importance of impartial and evidence-based decision-making in urban planning and development.
To address these issues, the study explores potential strategies and policy recommendations aimed at mitigating the impact of political interference in the implementation of urban development plans. It calls for enhanced transparency, accountability, and stakeholder engagement to foster a more conducive environment for urban development initiatives to thrive.
To sum up, this research accords significantly to the extant corpus of knowledge on the challenges of urban development and planning in the context of political interference. It functions as a valuable asset for policymakers, urban planning professionals, and scholars with an interest in comprehending and tackling the intricate factors that affect the efficient execution of urban development strategies not only in Kampala but also in analogous urban contexts around the globe.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 논문은 캄팔라 물리적 개발 계획을 중심으로 도시 개발 계획의 성공적인 실행에 정치적 간섭이 미치는 영향에 대한 심층 분석을 제시한다. 이 연구는 도시의 도시 개발 프레임워크를 구성하는 5개의 주요 물리적 계획 부서를 대상으로 캄팔라 시 내에서 실시된 포괄적인 조사를 통해 수집된 경험적 증거에 기초하고 있다. 본 연구의 표본은 전략적 도시 개발 노력의 계획 및 실행에 적극적으로 참여하는 50명의 참가자로 구성하였다.
본 연구의 결과는 냉엄한 현실을 보여준다. 즉, 98%의 다수 응답자가 캄팔라의 물리적 개발계획 실행에 정치적 간섭사례를 경험했다고 답했다. 엄격한 데이터 수집, 분석 및 해석을 통해 본 연구는 정치적 간섭의 다면적인 성격과 그것이 도시 개발에 미치는 영향에 대한 이해를 돕고자 하였다. 의사결정 과정에 대한 부당한 영향력부터 개발 프로젝트의 효과적인 실행을 방해하는 요식적 장애물에 이르기까지 다양한 형태의 간섭을 조사하였다.
또한 본 논문은 도시 개발 결과에 대한 정치적 간섭의 결과를 조사하고 캄팔라 시 내 인프라, 주택, 환경 지속 가능성 및 전반적인 도시 거주 적합성에 대한 부정적인 영향에 대해 알아보았다. 본 연구는 도시 계획 및 개발에서 공정하고 증거에 기반한 의사 결정의 중요성에 중점을 두었다.
이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 연구에서는 도시 개발 계획 실행에 있어 정치적 간섭의 영향을 완화하기 위한 잠재적인 전략과 정책 권장 사항을 탐구하였다. 도시 개발 계획이 더욱 잘 진행되기 위한 환경을 조성하기 위해서는 향상된 투명성, 책임성, 이해관계자 참여가 필요하다.
요약하자면, 본 연구는 정치적 간섭의 맥락에서 도시 개발 및 계획의 과제에 대한 현재 알려진 바와 대부분 일치한다. 이는 캄팔라뿐만 아니라 전 세계의 유사한 도시 맥락에서 도시 개발 전략의 효율적인 실행에 영향을 미치는 복잡한 요소를 이해하고 다루는 데 관심이 있는 정책 입안자, 도시 계획 전문가 및 학자에게 귀중한 자산으로 사용될 수 있다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. INTRODUCTION 1
• 1.1 Background of the study 1
• 1.2 Statement of the problem 2
• 1.3 Research objectives 4
• 1.4 Research questions 4
• 1.5 Scope of the research 5
• 1.5.1 Subject scope 5
• 1.6 Significance of the research 6
• 1.7 Limitations of the research 7
• 1.8 Organization of the thesis 7
• 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 9
• 2.1 Introduction 9
• 2.2 Urban planning contextualized 10
• 2.3 What characterizes an urban setting? 10
• 2.3.1 What is urban planning? 12
• 2.3.2 Historical development and progression of urban planning 13
• 2.3.3 Rationale for urban planning 17
• 2.4 Significance of Urban Planning 18
• 2.5 Politics and the practice of urban planning 21
• 2.6 The role of politics in planning 22
• 2.7 Urban Planning in Uganda 25
• 2.7.1 The Planning System in Uganda 25
• 2.7.2 Main elements of the CNDPF 26
• 2.7.3 Summary of the Planning Procedure 27
• 2.7.4 National-Level Planning 28
• 2.7.5 Planning at the Local Government Level 28
• 2.7.6 Consultative Process 30
• 2.8 The planning of Kampala city 31
• 2.8.1 Historical development and planning initiatives in Kampala 31
• 2.8.2 Overview of the decision making process 36
• 2.8.3 The stages in which political influence/interference is 38
• 2.9 The Kampala physical Development Plan 40
• 2.9.1 The KPDP planning goals 41
• 2.9.2 Key features and components of the KPDP 42
• 2.9.3 The negative impacts of political interference on the implementation of the KPDP 45
• 2.9.4 Proposed solutions to political interference 49
• 2.10 Case Study of Political Interference 53
• 2.10.1 Political interference In Ghana 53
• 2.10.2 Research methodology/design 54
• 2.10.3 Key findings 56
• 2.10.4 Urban planning in Ghana; why politics remains a challenge? 57
• 2.10.5 Lessons learnt from the case study 59
• 2.11 Research gap 60
• 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 62
• 3.1 Introduction 62
• 3.1.1 Research design 62
• 3.1.2 Area of study 64
• 3.1.3 The population of the study 64
• 3.1.4 Sample size 65
• 3.1.5 Sampling technique 67
• 3.1.6 Purposive sampling 67
• 3.2 Research procedures 68
• 3.3 Data collection 68
• 3.3.1 Primary Data 68
• 3.3.2 Secondary data 69
• 3.4 Data collection instruments 69
• 3.4.1 Questionnaire 69
• 3.4.2 Document review or analysis 70
• 3.5 Validity of the instrument 70
• 3.5.1 Reliability of the instrument 70
• 3.5.2 Administration of the instruments 70
• 3.6 Method of data collection 71
• 3.7 Data processing and analysis 71
• 4. DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 72
• 4.1 Introduction 72
• 4.2 Data analysis 73
• 4.2.1 Awareness and perception of political interference 73
• 4.2.2 The most political interference instance 74
• 4.2.3 The stages in which political interference is mostly experienced. 75
• 4.2.4 Extent to which political interference has occurred in the implementation of KPDP 76
• 4.2.5 Motivation behind political interference 77
• 4.2.6 Effect of political interference and the decision making process 79
• 4.2.7 Positive impact on the implementation of the KPDP 80
• 4.2.8 Specific consequences of Political Interference 80
• 4.2.9 Stakeholders involved in political interference 81
• 4.3 Impact of political interference on the effectiveness of the KPDP 83
• 4.3.1 Effectiveness of the KPDP 83
• 4.3.2 Impact of political interference on the overall effectiveness of the KPDP 84
• 4.3.3 How the instance has impacted the allocation of resources 85
• 4.3.4 Social, economic and environmental consequences 86
• 4.4 Demographic and social characteristics of respondents 87
• 4.4.1 Gender of respondents 87
• 4.4.2 Age of respondents 88
• 4.4.3 Status of respondents 89
• 4.4.4 Years of experience in urban development 90
• 4.4.5 Years of residence in Kampala 91
• 4.5 Barriers to addressing political interference 92
• 5. CONCLUSIONS 95
• 5.1 Introduction 95
• 5.2 Recommendations and conclusion 95
• 5.3 Recommendation for future research 99
• BIBLIOGRAPHY 100
• Appendices 105
• Appendix A: The Research Questionnaire 105
• Appendix B: Timeline for the Research 112
• Appendix C: Thesis schedule 113
• 초록 114
• ACKNOWLEDGMENT 116