As the need for missionary activities has emerged around the world, temples are raising the need to carry out modernization demands by forming a community space, a place for communication with local residents and visitors, in addition to their religio...
As the need for missionary activities has emerged around the world, temples are raising the need to carry out modernization demands by forming a community space, a place for communication with local residents and visitors, in addition to their religious functions. In addition, various forms and new types of temple construction plans that respond to the senses of modern people should be sought beyond the architectural tendency of simply following the form of traditional temples in the past.
Therefore, this study focused on proposing a new direction for modern urban temple construction plans as an open religious space that is a sacred place for quiet thinking and encounters society, rather than an existing space that lives in the mountains or simply vertical and multi-layered architecture.
Chapter 1 describes the background and purpose of the study, the scope and method of the study.
Chapter 2 examines the new concepts and characteristics of modern urban temples, and then examines the current situation in which the spatial composition of traditional temples is lost or its meaning changes as the times change. In addition, as the proportion of functional roles changes, the role of spatial components changes, and the emergence of new spaces is examined.
Chapter 3, in order to analyze the various roles and new types of modern urban temples, 12 domestic and overseas cases were selected, focusing on temples that have the functions required by modern society and reflect the characteristics of modern architecture, while excluding domestic urban temples in the form of traditional temple architecture and previous studies. The selected cases were classified by function of modern urban temples and analyzed the layout type and internal and external space composition, which focused on inducing emotional experiences for believers and visitors to the temple.
Chapter 4 proposed a new direction for the construction plan of modern urban temples based on theoretical considerations and case analysis.
Chapter 5, conclusions were drawn based on the contents of Chapters 1-4 above.
Through this process, we propose future directions for the future construction plan of modern urban temples and draw the following conclusions.
First, outside of the form of traditional temples in the dense environment of the city center, the current house material and sensory-oriented design centered on the open outer yard were applied.
Second, Buddhist symbolism and pilgrimage experiences were induced through contemplative movements and abstract landscaping even in limited external spaces.
Third, by introducing the narrative structure of “introduction, development, turn, and conclusion, four steps in composition" a religious atmosphere was formed step by step from entry to worship space, and community space and religious space were separated and harmonized.
Fourth, in the community space for missionary work and regional exchange, cafes, exhibitions, temple stays, meditation, and performance centers were properly arranged according to the purpose of each function based on the horizontal axis.
Fifth, in the interior space-centered design, architectural symbol expression was emphasized instead of decoration, and a space centered on meditation and thinking was composed through a vertical axis and natural light.
The construction of domestic temples requires the integration of modern elements that can respond to modernization, urbanization, and social change. In order to effectively convey religious symbolism and architectural experiences even in the dense urban structure, it is necessary to find ways to utilize limited external space and strengthen the organic connection between the pre-paid space and the attached facilities in the composition of the internal space. Furthermore, it is necessary to present a new architectural model for modern urban temples based on Korean identity by considering spatial planning centered on locality and functionality.