미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증 실기과제 개선 방안에 관한 연구 : 네일 실기과제 활용도 증진방법 = A study on how to improve the practical tasks of the Beauticians(Nail) National: Technical Certificate How to improve the utilization of Nail practical tasks

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this study, we determined that the practicality of the Beautician
(Nail) National Technical Qualification test was not practical in the field,
and tried to discuss improvement measures to increase practicality in the
field. The aim is to contribute to increasing the practical use of the
National Technical Qualification Certificate for Beauticians(Nails) and to
support students in acquiring the expertise and ability to actively work
as a Beautician in the actual field. In order to achieve the purpose of
this research, we surveyed the degree of utilization of practical skills in
the field among those eligible for the national license for Beauticians
(Nails). Targeting those who are eligible to acquire qualifications, we
analyzed the acquisition status of National Technical Qualifications for
Beauticians (Nails) and the practical use of Beautician(Nails) practical
problems, and analyzed the need to improve practical skills problems and
the work satisfaction of beauty professionals. The analysis and summary
of the research results are as follows. Firstly, 46.9% of respondents said
that they had obtained a national skill certificate for Beauticians(Nails)
because they wanted to find a job or start a business, followed by 42.5%
that they wanted to improve their expertise. Second, the difficulty level
of the written test for the National Skills Certificate of Beautician(Nail)
is an average of 3.21 points, and the difficulty level of the practical test
is an average of 3.60 points. I found it to be difficult. Thirdly, the need
to obtain a national technical qualification for Beauticians(Nails) was
high, with an average of 4.26 points, indicating that the need for
obtaining a national technical qualification is high for graduate school and
above. Fourthly, when asked about the reasons why it is necessary to
acquire a national technical license for Beauticians(Nails), the most
common reason, at 66.2%, was to improve expertise as a Nail Beautician.
And 16.4% answered that it is possible to start a business. Fifth, the
difference in utilization of tasks performed by Beauticians(Nails) due to
occupational characteristics is as follows: 1 task - wet manicure - nail
care, 1 task - wet manicure - red full code, 1 task - wet manicure -
French, 1 task - Wet manicure - deep French, 1 task - wet manicure -
gradation, 3 tasks - artificial nail - gel one-tone catcher, 4 tasks -
artificial nail removal, etc. While 7 tasks are highly practical, 2 tasks -
gel manicure - Sun Marble, 2 tasks - gel manicure - marvel fan, 2
tasks - gel manicure - marvel fan, 3 tasks - artificial nails - natural tip
weed wrap, 3 tasks - artificial nails - silk extensions, 3 tasks - artificial
nails - acrylic French nails Five issues such as catcher were surveyed
as having low actual utilization rates, and it seems that the issues with
low actual utilization rates must be improved. Sixth, items (multiple
response) that can be treated with the skills of the Beautician(Nail)
national technical qualification practical task are overall nail care and
coloring, which is the highest at 36.9%, followed by artificial Nails
(lengthening) (26.4%) followed by hand/foot massage and exfoliation
(14.7%). Seventh, the average satisfaction level for nail practical use in
practical tasks for the National Nail Technician License is 2.90 points,
and the overall degree of technical applicability in the field after
obtaining the National License for Beautician(Nail). The average is 2.61
points, which is a little lower than usual, so it is necessary to improve
the problems with the actual machine, and it is necessary to combine the
practical skills of the problems with the actual machine so that it can be
used immediately in the field. Eighth, the subject that should be added to
the national qualification practical test is the repair of torn nails, which
is the most common overall at 35.4%, followed by problematic nail
management (27.0%), shain and flat art (20.8%), was the most common.
This is considered to be the most frequently encountered problem while
working in the beauty industry, and it seems necessary to listen to the
voices of the field when improving the National Qualification Practical
Test. Ninth, regarding work satisfaction by occupation and career,
working hours, number of days off per month, satisfaction on days off,
and satisfaction with work environment were generally slightly higher
than normal. As mentioned above, in order to increase the degree of
practical utilization in the field, we actively listen to the opinions of nail
workers and make it possible to immediately apply the actual machine
problems to the field without separate external retraining. It seems that
there is a need for improvement measures. Also, in order to meet the
eye level of nail consumers, nail professionals will have to learn new
techniques and strive to improve their services.
Keywords: National Technical Qualification, Beauticians(Nails), practical assignment, Improvement, practical use

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 연구는 미용사(네일)국가기술자격증 실기과제가 현장에서의 실용도가
낮다는 판단을 하여 현장에서 실용성을 높일 수 있도록 개선방안에 대해
논의하고자 하며 이러한 논의를 통해 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증의 실무
활용도를 높이는 데 기여하고, 실제 현장에서 미용사로서 능동적으로 활동할
수 있는 전문성과 역량을 갖출 수 있도록 지원하는데 목적이 있다. 이 연구
의 목적을 달성하기 위해 미용사(네일) 국가자격증 취득 대상자를 대상으
로 실기과제의 현장 활용도를 조사하여 실기과제의 개선방안을 마련하고자
미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증 취득대상자를 대상으로 미용사(네일) 국가기
술자격증에 대한 취득 실태와 미용사(네일) 실기과제의 현장 활용도 분석
을 통해 실기과제 개선의 필요성, 미용 종사자의 근무만족도를 분석하였
으며 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격
증 취득이유에 대해서는 취업 및 창업이 46.9%, 다음으로는 전문성향상이
42.5%로 많았다. 둘째, 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증의 필기시험의 난이
도는 평균 3.21점이며, 실기시험의 난이도는 평균 3.60점으로 필기시험과 실
기시험 모두 조금 어렵다고 생각하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 미용사(네
일) 국가기술자격증 취득의 필요성에 대해서는 평균 4.26점으로 필요성이
높은 것으로 나타났으며, 대학원 이상이 국가기술자격증 취득의 필요성이
더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 미용사(네일)국가기술자격증의 취득이 필
요한 이유에 대해서는 네일 미용인으로서의 전문성 향상을 위해서가
66.2%로 가장 많았고 다음으로 자격증을 취득해야 취업 및 창업이 가능
해서가 16.4%로 많았다. 다섯째, 직업특성에 따른 미용사(네일) 실시 과
제 활용도 차이는 1과제-습식 매니큐어(네일 케어), 1과제-습식 매니큐어
(레드풀코트), 1과제-습식 매니큐어(프렌치), 1과제-습식 매니큐어(딥프렌치), 1과제-습식 매니큐어(그라데이션), 3과제-인조네일(젤 원톤 스캅춰),
4과제-인조네일 제거 등 위의 7과제는 실제 활용도가 높은 반면에 2과제
-젤 매니큐어(선 마블), 2과제-젤 매니큐어(부채꼴 마블), 3과제-인조네일
(내추럴 팁위드랩), 3과제-인조네일(실크익스텐션), 3과제-인조네일(아크릴
프렌치 스캅춰) 등 위의 5과제는 실제 활용도가 낮은 것으로 조사되어
실제 활용도가 낮은 과제는 개선되어야 할 것으로 보인다. 여섯째, 현장에
서 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증 실기과제의 기술들로 시술이 가능한 항목
(다중응답)은 전체적으로는 네일 케어 및 컬러링이 36.9%로 가장 많았고,
다음으로 인조 네일(연장)(26.4%), 손/발의 마사지 및 각질제거(14.7%) 순
으로 많았다. 일곱째, 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증 실기과제의 네일 실
무 현장 활용 만족도는 평균이 2.90점이며, 미용사(네일) 국가자격증 취득
후 현장에서의 기술 적용 가능 정도는 전체적으로는 평균이 2.61점 등 보통보
다 조금 낮으므로 실기과제의 개선이 필요하며 현장에서 곧바로 사용할 수
있도록 실기과제의 실무기술 결합이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 여덟째, 국
가자격 실기 시험에 추가되어야 할 과목은 전체적으로는 찢어진 손발톱 보
수가 35.4%로 가장 많았고, 다음으로 문제성 손발톱 관리(27.0%), 쉐입 및
평면 아트(20.8%) 순으로 많았다. 이는 미용업에 종사하면서 가장 많이 접해
보는 문제일 것으로 판단되며 국가자격 실기시험 개선 시 현장의 목소리
를 청취할 필요가 있을 것으로 보인다. 아홉째, 직종, 경력에 따른 근무
만족도는 근무시간, 한 달 기준 휴무 일수, 휴무일 만족도, 근무환경 만족
도는 전체적으로 보통보다 조금 높았다. 위와 같이 현장에서의 실무 활용
도를 증진하기 위해서는 네일 실무 종사자들의 의견을 적극 청취하여 별도
의 외부 재교육을 받지 않아도 실기과제가 바로 현장에 적용할 수 있게
개선하는 방안이 필요할 것으로 보인다. 또한 네일 수요자들의 눈높이에
맞추고자 네일 종사자들은 새로운 기술을 익히고 서비스 향상에 매진하여
야 할 것이다.
주제어: 국가기술자격증, 미용사(네일), 실기과제, 개선방안, 실무 활용도

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서 론 ············································································································ 1
• 제1절 연구의 필요성 및 목적 ············································································ 1
• 제2절 연구문제 및 내용 ······················································································ 3
• 제3절 연구의 제한점 ···························································································· 4
• 제2장 이론적 배경 ································································································ 5
• 제1절 미용업의 정의 ···························································································· 5
• 제2절 미용사 국가기술자격제도 ········································································ 6
• 제3절 실무활용도 ································································································ 10
• 제4절 선행 연구 검토 ························································································ 11
• 4.1. 국가기술자격증 취득제도 등 ································································ 11
• 4.2. 실무 활용도 및 실기과제 개선 등 ························································ 12
• 제3장 연구방법 ···································································································· 13
• 제1절 연구모형 및 연구가설 ············································································ 13
• 1.1. 연구모형 ···································································································· 13
• 1.2. 연구가설 ······································································································ 14
• 제2절 조사대상 및 자료수집 ············································································ 14
• 제3절 조사도구 및 내용 ···················································································· 15
• 제4절 자료처리 방법 ·························································································· 16
• 제4장 연구결과 ···································································································· 18
• 제1절 연구대상자의 일반적 특성 ···································································· 18
• 제2절 일반적 특성에 따른 미용사 국가기술자격증 취득실태 차이 ········ 20
• 2.1. 미용사 국가기술자격증 소지 개수 ······················································ 20
• 2.2. 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증 취득이유 ··············································· 22
• 2.3. 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증 취득을 위한 교육기관 ····················· 24
• 2.4. 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증 취득 소요 기간 ··································· 25
• 2.5. 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증 취득 사용 비용 ································· 27
• 2.6. 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증 필기시험의 난이도 ····························· 29
• 2.7. 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증 실기시험의 난이도 ··························· 31
• 2.8. 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증 취득의 필요성 ····································· 33
• 2.8.1. 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증 취득이 필요한 이유 ······················ 35
• 제3절 직업특성에 따른 미용사(네일) 실기과제 활용도 차이 ··················· 37
• 3.1. 1과제-습식 매니큐어-네일 케어의 실제 활용도 ······························· 37
• 3.2. 1과제-습식 매니큐어-레드 풀코트의 실제 활용도 ··························· 38
• 3.3. 1과제-습식 매니큐어-프렌치의 실제 활용도 ····································· 39
• 3.4. 1과제-습식 매니큐어-딥 프렌치의 실제 활용도 ······························· 40
• 3.5. 1과제-습식 매니큐어-그라데이션의 실제 활용도 ····························· 41
• 3.6. 2과제-젤 매니큐어-선 마블의 실제 활용도 ······································· 42
• 3.7. 2과제-젤 매니큐어-부채꼴 마블의 실제 활용도 ······························· 43
• 3.8. 3과제-인조네일-내추럴 팁 위드랩의 실제 활용도 ··························· 44
• 3.9. 3과제-인조네일-실크익스텐션 실제 활용도 ······································· 45
• 3.10. 3과제-인조네일-아크릴 프렌치 스캅춰의 실제 활용도 ················· 46
• 3.11. 3과제-인조네일-젠 윌톤 스캅춰의 실제 활용도 ····························· 47
• 3.12. 4과제-인조네일 제거의 실제 활용도 ················································· 48
• 3.13. 네일현장에서 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증 실기과제이 기술들로
• 시술이 가능한 항목 ··············································································· 49
• 제4절 일반적 특성에 따른 미용사(네일) 실기과제의 개선방안 차이 ····· 51
• 4.1. 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증 실기과제의 네일 실무 현장활용 만족도 51
• 4.2. 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증 취득 후 현장에서의 기술적용 가능 정도··· 53
• 4.3. 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증 취득 후 현장에서의 활용을 위한 별도의
• 외부 재교육 필요성···················································································· 55
• 4.3.1. 미용사(네일) 국가기술자격증 취득 후 현장에서의 활용을 위한 별도의
• 외부 재교육이 필요한 이유······································································· 57
• 4.4. 미용사(네일) 국가자격 시험의 실기과제 종목에 대해 전반적으로 개선이
• 필요한 정도································································································· 59
• 4.4.1. 미용사(네일) 국가자격 시험의 실기과제 종목에 대해 전반적으로 개선
• 이 필요한 이유··························································································· 61
• 4.5. 국가자격 실기시험에 추가되어야 할 과목 ·········································· 63
• 제5절 직종, 경력에 따른 근무 만족도 차이 ················································· 65
• 5.1. 현재 하루 평균 근무시간 ········································································ 65
• 5.2. 현재 근무시간 만족도 ·············································································· 66
• 5.3. 현재 근무지에서의 휴무일수 ·································································· 67
• 5.4. 현재 근무지에서의 휴무일 만족도 ························································ 68
• 5.5. 현재 근무지에서의 근무환경 만족도 ···················································· 69
• 제5장 고찰 ·········································································································· 70
• 제6장 결론 ·········································································································· 73
• 참고문헌 ·············································································································· 76
• 부록 ······················································································································· 78
• 국문초록 ·············································································································· 87