Administration of a phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) inhibitor reduces hippocampal neuronal cell death after global cerebral ischemia.
Global cerebral ischemia (GCI) is a condition characterized by insufficient blood supply, leading to various pathologic...
Administration of a phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) inhibitor reduces hippocampal neuronal cell death after global cerebral ischemia.
Global cerebral ischemia (GCI) is a condition characterized by insufficient blood supply, leading to various pathological processes, including disturbances in energy metabolism, lysosomal and mitochondrial dysfunction, neuronal degeneration, and cognitive impairment. Particularly phosphodiesterase 4B regulates immunoregulatory mechanisms involved in disease progression. Increased PDE4B reduces cyclic adenosine monophosphate, decreasing protein kinase A activity which impacts lysosome/autophagy functions. Amlexanox (AMX), an inhibitor of PDE4B, is known as an anti-inflammatory immune modulator. By targeting PDE4B, AMX can regulate lysosome/autophagy functions. This study aims to investigate whether the administration of AMX after GCI could enhance lysosomal/autophagy function, and prevent the accumulation of toxic substances, reducing neurodegeneration. In a mouse GCI model, AMX was administered 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.) daily after the injury, and the effects of AMX were analyzed. The neurodegeneration in the hippocampus was evaluated using FJB, PDE4B, LAMP2, LC3Ⅱ, BAX, and Bcl2. The results of this study demonstrated that AMX treatment reduced PDE4B levels, improving lysosome/autophagy and mitochondrial functions. This reduction in PDE4B iv activity enhanced lysosome/autophagy functions, decreasing hippocampal neuronal death. In conclusion, AMX has the potential protection against neurodegeneration by enhancing lysosome/autophagy functions through the
PDE4B and regulating cAMP-PKA signals AMX may serve as a promising therapeutic approach to ischemic injury.