韓國 敎育自治制度의 運營과 發展方案에 관한 硏究

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the operational realities and related problems of Korean educational autonomy administration and present a proposal for its improvement.
This was achreved not only by examining the ralationship betwoom the local administrative autonomy system and the local educational autonomy system, but by studying related literature and examples of other advanced countries in this respect.
The findings of the study wers summarized on the basis of five basic principles of educational autonomy: Decentralization of policy making, partioipation of local residents, indepandence of educational abminatration, management by educational professionals, independence of finance.
1. Concerning the "decentralization of polioy making."
(1) Policy making in educational administration is centralized and aducational affairs are strictly controlled by special city and provincial Boards of Education, with city and county Education Offices having little power to make decisions on important educational affairs.
(2) Special city and provincial Boards of Eduoation are a mandastory deliberative organ, with no autonomy in audit and inspection.
2. Concerning the "participation of local residents"
While Board memders are elected by local residents, the superintendent of spscial city and provincial Boards of Ebucation is elected by Board members themselves, resulting in limitation of local residents, direct participation in educational policy making. In addition, the current board memder elsction procadure cannot preclude partisanship.
3. Concerning the "independence of educational administration."
Special city and provincial Boards of Education lack autonomy of educational administration, and are not fully independent of special city and provinoial government in that the superintenaent of Boards of Education are made by law to consult with special city majors and province governors about education budgets, accounts, and education fees.
4. Concerning "management by educational professionals."
(1) The eligibility for the superintendent of Board of Education is too strict and because the election of the superintendent adopts a papal-election method, the character and ideological orientation of candidates are not clearly known at the time of election.
(2) The criter a for the recruitment, trsining, and transfer of senior school supervisor, junior school supervisor, senior educational researcher, and junior educational researcher are not clear.
5. Concerning "independence of finance."
There are financial straits in every local Board of Education.
Public expenlitures for education in Korea occupy about 3.7 percent of the gross national product, compared with about 5.7 percent in abvanced countries. The peroentage of local educational financial independence is very low (16.6% as of 1993).
Based on the findings of the study, a proposal for the improvenent of educational autonomy administration can be made as follows:
1. (1) Policy making in educational administration should be decentralized: The ministry of Education should transfer more rights and authority to special city and provincial Boards of Education, and special city and provincial Boards of Education should thansfer in turn more rights and authority to city and county Education offices. Each level of educational administration should have its appropriate autonomy in policy making and maintain a mutual cooperation in the pursuit of educational success.
(2) Special city and provincial Boards of Education should be a independent deliverative organ, with full autonomy in deliberation, audit, and inspection.
2. Both Board members and the superintendent of special city and provincial Boards of Education should be elected by local residents in order to guarantee residents, direct participation in educational policy making.
3. Special city and provincial Boards of Education should have autonomy in educational administration including planning budgets, balancing accounts, and charsing education fees. Also, school supervision by the local Boards of Education should sccommodate the needs of community and residents.
4. The election of the superintendent must discard the so-called papal-slestion method and establish a more open, feir, and democratic election procedure in which all candidates can clarify their philosophy and educational views.
5. Local educational financial straits should be solved in earlier days, public expenditures for education in Korea must be over 5.0 percant of the gross national product. In order to increase the percentage of local educational financial independence, education taxes must be a local tax in nature and a subsidy must increase up to 15 percent of total national tax.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• 第1章 序論 = 1
• 第1節 硏究의 目的 = 1
• 第2節 硏究의 範圍 = 3
• 第3節 硏究의 方法 = 4
• 第2章 地方自治와 敎育自治 = 5
• 第1節 地方自治制 = 5
• 1. 地方自治制의 意義 = 5
• 2. 地方自治制의 基本 原理 = 8
• 第2節 敎育自治制 = 9
• 1. 敎育自治制의 意義 = 9
• 2. 敎育自治制의 本質 = 10
• 3. 敎育自治制의 基本原理 = 13
• 4. 敎育自治制의 必要性 = 17
• 第3節 地方自治와 敎育自治와의 關係 = 19
• 第3章 우리나라 敎育自治制의 變遷 過程 = 23
• 第1節 敎育自治制의 胎動과 試鍊 = 23
• 第2節 敎育自治制의 變遷과 性格 = 26
• 1. 第1期 敎育自治制度 = 27
• 2. 第2期 敎育自治制度 = 28
• 3. 第3期 現行 敎育自治制度 = 30
• 1) 敎育自治制에 관한 行政構造의 基本 內容 = 30
• 2) 敎育委員會의 權限과 機能 = 43
• 3) 敎育監의 資格과 權限 및 選出 = 47
• 4) 敎育委員의 資格과 選出 = 49
• 5) 補助機關과 下級 行政機關 = 51
• 6) 地方敎育財政의 確保 = 51
• 7) 專門職의 資格과 養成 및 役割 = 52
• 8) 地方自治團體의 敎育行政 事務 = 53
• 第4章 外國 敎育自治制度의 實態 = 56
• 第1節 美國의 敎育自治制度 = 56
• 1. 地方分權 = 56
• 2. 住民의 統制 = 59
• 3. 敎育行政의 獨立 = 62
• 4. 專門的인 經營 = 64
• 5. 自主的인 財政 = 65
• 第2節 英國의 敎育自治制度 = 66
• 1. 地方分權 = 66
• 2. 住民의 統制 = 67
• 3. 敎育行政의 獨立 = 69
• 4. 專門的인 經營 = 70
• 5. 自主的인 財政 = 71
• 第3節 日本의 敎育自治制度 = 72
• 1. 地方分權 = 72
• 2. 住民의 統制 = 75
• 3. 敎育行政의 獨立 = 76
• 4. 專門的인 經營 = 77
• 5. 自主的인 財政 = 78
• 第4節 先進 3 個國의 比較 分析 = 79
• 1. 共通點과 差異點 = 79
• 2. 先進 3個國에서 주는 示唆點 = 80
• 第5章 現行 敎育自治制의 問題點 = 86
• 第1節 地方分權的인 側面 = 86
• 第2節 住民統制의 側面 = 88
• 第3節 敎育行政의 獨立側面 = 90
• 第4節 專門的인 經營側面 = 92
• 第5節 自主的인 財政側面 = 94
• 第6章 發展方案 = 100
• 第1節 地方分權的인 側面 = 100
• 第2節 住民統制의 側面 = 104
• 第3節 敎育行政의 獨立側面 = 108
• 第4節 專門的인 經營側面 = 113
• 第5節 自主的인 財政側面 = 121
• 第7章 結論 = 127
• 參考文獻 = 134
• 英文抄錄 = 138