Animal cell culture technology is a technique used for the production of therapeutic proteins, antibodies, and pharmaceuticals. Currently, there is a continuous increase in demand for recombinant protein therapeutics produced in mammalian cell in the ...
Animal cell culture technology is a technique used for the production of therapeutic proteins, antibodies, and pharmaceuticals. Currently, there is a continuous increase in demand for recombinant protein therapeutics produced in mammalian cell in the biopharmaceutical market. Among these, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are widely utilized as the primary cell for commercial production of therapeutic proteins. CHO cell offer the advantage of being capable of suspension culture, making them suitable for large-scale production of recombinant proteins. Additionally, the technology for efficient gene amplification systems and high-expression cell line selection is well-established in CHO cell. While using animal cells for expression systems has various advantages, it also has the drawback of lower productivity compared to microbial systems. Furthermore, the development of techniques for large-scale protein production in cells has traditionally been based on information from the cell's genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome. Particularly, at the genomic level, the technology for amplifying target genes, which can be considered as the starting point for protein production, has traditionally involved codon deoptimization of the host cell and the use of selection markers with high selective pressure. To meet the high demand for biopharmaceuticals, it is essential to quickly obtain high-productivity cells with low levels of selective pressure in a short time. However, the existing gene amplification systems, such as PEST codon deoptimization and selection marker genes, suffer from the challenge of requiring high selective pressure and an extended duration to enhance productivity. In addition, if the production period is prolonged, the stability of the cell genome can decrease, potentially impacting the productivity of the target protein. Therefore, in this research, efforts were made to establish a new amplification system for the production of target proteins in cell. As a result, the degron sequences, when compared to known gene amplification systems, were found to have a high degradation capacity and relatively short sequences, reducing the likelihood of causing structural issues with the target protein. These degron sequences were fused to selection marker genes, which were used to produce the target protein. Cell transfection was employed for the generation and selection of cells that produce the target protein through electroporation. This approach aimed to establish efficient expression vectors for high-productivity cell line development. Among various Degron sequences, including UbR, UbK, and UbS, which exhibit different levels of degradation strength, we fused each of them to the upstream region of the nutritional marker gene DHFR. This fusion was carried out to co-express these Degron sequences with the target protein, human transforming growth factor-beta Ⅰ (hTGF-β1). To facilitate this co-expression, the IRESatt sequence was inserted between the expression cassette for hTGF-β1 and the expression cassette for DHFR. Using the engineered marker, we selected the cell line with the highest expression as determined by ELISA among the transfected cell lines, and then proceeded with a clone selection process through limiting dilution. This study provides insights into the development of high-productivity cell lines and the selection process, including the use of degron sequences fused to upper selection marker genes for gene amplification mechanisms and production analysis through recombinant vectors and transfected cell.