金融自律化에 따른 銀行經營戰略 = Commercial Banks Strategies of Management under the Financial Liberalization Movement

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the problems with which commercial banks are facing and to inquire into some conditions of banks development under the financial liberalization movement.
Chapter two summarizes the circumstance and aspect of commercial banks in recent years.
① The commercial banks in Korea have exhibited remarkable growth for the last 20 years since the launch of first economic development plan.
Compared with the growth of non-bank financial intermediaries, however, the commercial banks have experienced relative backwardness, thus the share of financial market has been decreased. For example commercial banks share of deposits has remarkably fallen from 53.9% in 1971 to 35.7% in 1983, as well as the share of loans shows a drop from 53.5% to 35.5% during the same period. The most important reasons for this weakness of role of commercial banks are comprehensive government control and regulation on managerial decision about capital mobilization and allocation of funds.
Besides this is mainly because non-bank intermediaries showed rapid growth during 1970s since government allowed the establishment of various non-bank financial institutions, while specialized banks participate aggressively in deposit taking thus competing with commercial banks.
With the external intervention of management, investment efficiency of commercial banks has been lowered, resulting the instability of profitability.
② Financial, environment is getting ;more, competitive and, the restraints on banks activity are eliminated gradually, Government measures include-the;-selling of the government-owned shares of commercial banks, reorganization of preferential loans, amendment, of financial-related statues, and diversification of banking business.
③ The pursuit of electronic banking. and office automation (OA) has. great influence upon the organization and managemet of banks. Before long the banks organization is expected, to be changed to a information-oriented organization.
Chapter three reviews the policy and long-range objective which is required. in competitive system as a premises of banking development.
① To establish the autonomous -management system, above all, the operation of government economic policy should be based on free economy principle and market price mechanism. Therefore 'it is natural that the restriction on budget, personnel, pay, and organization should be got rid of, -while the dependent. attitude of banks must disappear.:
② Under the financial liberalization movement the bank management is to be directed toward integration of profitability principle and public confidence.
③ Nowadays we can find that specialized banking system is transformed into, universal banking system, and Korean financial system is thought to be toward the very same way. Consequently confronting universal banking system, it is. necessary for commercial banks to strive for development of financial instruments and market cultivation.
Chapter four discusses the urgent problems and concrete devices for commercial banks growth.
① To improve unity of organization, w e can assert, current system of board of directors is to be reconstructed, the function of committee to be enhanced, and divisionalized organization to be introduced. In particular in a introduction of divisionalized organization, three preconditions-decentralization of power, establishment of customer-oriented organization, reenforcement of planning and co-ordination function are needed.
② The independent profit system, which has aimed at financial accounting for the purpose of branch control, should be applied with a view of managerial accounting. The effectiveness of independent profit system, -is-guaranteed only by decentralization of power, reasonable appraisal of branch achievement, set up of responsibility accounting, and the colse relationship with budget system.
③ It is demanded that the competition principle should be introduced in the personnel management, so that contemporary seniority system has to be coupled with merit system. Furthermore the fundamental direction of long-range management should be founded on man-power development and personnel segmentation policy.
④ The pursuit of electronic banking and office automation is major factor which determines the growth of commercial banks. For this reason, we might say, the, pursuit of electronic banking and office automation should be implemented steadily. Especially the total system which could connect all accounts, needs to be established. In addition efforts to prevent computer crime and technical difficulties are requisite.
⑤ Banking internationalization is important subject to accelerate the growth of commercial banks, because growth rate and marginal productivity of capital of international banking business is higher than that of domestic banking business. Important factors of internationalization are proper disposition. of. foreign branch network, improvement of banks confidence, training of experts in international banking and foreign exchange, and development of financial techniques, etc.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 目次
• 第I章 序論 = 1
• 1. 問題의 提起 = 1
• 2. 硏究의 目的과 範圍 = 3
• 第2章 銀行經營環境의 變化와 推移 = 4
• 1. 銀行經營基盤의 弱化 = 4
• 가. 銀行의 市場占有率 低下 = 4
• 나. 銀行의 收支基盤의 不安定 = 8
• 2. 金融自律化로 인한 競爭促進 = 11
• 가. 市場銀行의 民營化 = 11
• 나. 金融機關業務의 多樣化 = 13
• 다. 政策金融의 縮小 = 13
• 3. 電算化에 의한 金融技法의 革新 = 15
• 第3章 銀行發展을 위한 先決課題 = 17
• 1. 銀行發展의 前提條件 = 17
• 가. 金融原理의 回復 = 17
• 나. 責任經營體制의 確立 = 19
• 2. 經營理念 및 經營目標의 再定立 = 19
• 가. 公共性과 收益性의 調和 = 20
• 나. 兼業銀行(universal banking)主義의 地響 = 23
• 第IV章 部門別 銀行經營戰略 = 27
• 1. 兼業銀行制度에의 對應 = 27
• 가. 金融仲介機能의 多樣化 = 27
• 나. 資産·負債綜合管理(ALM)制度의 導入 = 29
• 2. 組織의 活性化 = 34
• 가. 理事會機能의 活性化 = 34
• 나. 委員會制度의 效率的 運用 = 37
• 다. 事業本部制의 導入 = 39
• 3. 獨立採算制의 强化 = 43
• 가. 獨立採算制의 意義와 導入目的 = 44
• 나. 獨立採算制의 前提條件 = 46
• 다. 獨立採算制의 構造와 運用 = 48
• 4. 競爭體制에 부합되는 人事戰略 = 52
• 가. 現行 人事管理制度의 問題點 = 52
• 나. 自律經營下의 人事戰略 = 55
• 5. 電算化에 따른 課題 = 61
• 가. 銀行의 電算化現況 = 61
• 나. 電算化에 따른 問題點 = 63
• 다. 日本의 銀行電算化 事例 = 64
• 라. 우리 나라 銀行의 電算化方向 = 65
• 6. 國際化戰略 = 67
• 가. 銀行國際化現況 = 68
• 나. 銀行國際化의 必要性 = 69
• 다. 銀行國際化의 階段別 戰略 = 71
• 라. 銀行國際化의 方向과 課題 = 74
• 第V章 結論 = 77
• 參考文獻 = 80
• 英文抄錄 = 83